E-Book, Englisch, 490 Seiten, ePub
E-Book, Englisch, 490 Seiten, ePub
ISBN: 978-1-63853-492-1
Verlag: Thieme
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen (»Systemvoraussetzungen)
Praise for the prior edition: "The THIEME Atlas of Anatomy – Internal Organs provides pertinent and well-executed anatomical illustrations, enriched with figures from diagnostic imaging. We strongly suggest this atlas not only to students in medicine, but also to residents and practitioners, including those involved in diagnostic imaging."—European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
Thieme Atlas of Anatomy: Internal Organs, Third Edition by renowned educators Michael Schuenke, Erik Schulte, and Udo Schumacher, along with consulting editor Wayne Cass, expands on prior editions with increased detail on anatomic relationships of inner organs, and the innervation and lymphatic systems of these organs. Organized by region, the book features 10 sections starting with an overview on body cavities. Subsequent sections cover the cardiovascular, blood, lymphatic, respiratory, digestive, urinary, genital, endocrine, and autonomic nervous organ systems. Regional units covering the thorax and abdomen and pelvis begin with succinct overviews, followed by more in-depth chapters detailing the structure and neurovasculature of the region and its organs.
Key Features
- 1,375 images including extraordinarily realistic illustrations by Markus Voll and Karl Wesker, diagrams, tables, and descriptive text provide an unparalleled wealth of information about internal organs
- 21 fact sheets provide quick, handy references summarizing salient points for each organ
- Online images with "labels-on and labels-off" capability are ideal for review and self-testing
This visually stunning atlas is an essential companion for laboratory dissection and the classroom. It will benefit medical students, internal medicine residents, and practicing physicians.
The THIEME Atlas of Anatomy series also includes two additional volumes, General Anatomy and Musculoskeletal System and Head, Neck, and Neuroanatomy.
All volumes of the THIEME Atlas of Anatomy series are available in softcover English/International Nomenclature and in hardcover with Latin nomenclature.
This book includes complimentary access to a digital copy on https://medone.thieme.com.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
Weitere Infos & Material
A Structure and Development of Organ Systems
1 Body Cavities
2 Cardiovascular System
3 Blood
4 Lymphatic System
5 Respiratory System
6 Digestive System
7 Urinary System
8 Genital System
9 Endocrine System
10 Autonomic Nervous System
B Thorax
1 Overview and Diaphragm
2 Overview of Neurovascular Structures
3 Organs of the Cardiovascular System and their Neurovasculature
4 Organs of the Respiratory System and their Neurovasculature
5 Esophagus and Thymus and their Neurovasculature
6 Topographical Anatomy
C Abdomen and Pelvis
1 Structure of the Abdominal and Pelvic Cavities: Overview
2 Overview of Neurovascular Structures
3 Organs of the Digestive System and their Neurovasculature
4 Organs of the Urinary System and their Neurovasculature
5 Organs of the Genital System and their Neurovasculature
6 Topographical Anatomy
D Neurovascular Supply to the Organs
1.1 Thymus
1.2 Esophagus
1.3 Heart
1.4 Pericardium
1.5 Lung and Trachea
1.6 Diaphragm
1.7 Liver, Gallbladder, and Spleen
1.8 Stomach
1.9 Duodenum and Pancreas
1.10 Jejunum and Ileum
1.11 Cecum, Vermiform Appendix, Ascending and Transverse Colon
1.12 Descending Colon and Sigmoid Colon
1.13 Rectum
1.14 Kidney, Ureter, and Suprarenal Gland
1.15 Urinary Bladder, Prostate, and Seminal Vesicle
1.16 Testis, Epididymis, and Ductus Deferens
1.17 Uterus, Uterine Tube, and Vagina
1.18 Uterine Tube and Ovary
1 Body Cavities
1.1 Definitions, Overview, and Evolution of Body Cavities
Definitions The human body, similar to all higher organisms, is organized into a hierarchy of different levels: • A cell is the smallest unit of life, that in principal can survive on its own. • A tissue consists primarily of cells from the same origin, and the extracellular matrix they form. A tissue is an ensemble of cells, organized to do a specific job. • An organ is a structural unit composed of different tissues. Thus, it combines the functions of the various tissue components. • An organ system is made up of organs that function together to perform a specific function. For example, the digestive organs make up the digestive system. For the most part, the individual organs are related to each other morphologically. • An organism is composed of several organ systems. A Overview of the internal organs of the human body Anterior view of the human body, displaying the internal organs. For clarity, the nervous system and most of the small intestine and endocrine organs are not shown. B Overview of organ systems Since, by definition, every structural unit composed of different tissues is referred to as an organ (according to this definition, every muscle is an organ), the term is commonly used for structures in the skull, neck, and body cavities. The organs situated inside the body cavities are referred to as internal organs or viscera. This atlas is a study aid for learning gross anatomy. Thus, the individual organs are discussed with respect to their topography. However, since groups of individual organs form morphological and functional systems, which due to evolutionary processes don’t conform to topographical anatomy, those organ systems along with their embryology will be discussed first. This overview will aid in understanding the location, shape and function of the internal organs in the developing organism. Note: Peripheral nerves, bone marrow, and blood are usually not referred to as “organs.” For the sake of completeness, they will also be discussed since they are part of whole organ systems. * Organs that are highlighted in italics are located in the neck or skull and thus will not be discussed here. System Organs* Digestive system Oral cavity with teeth and salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder Respiratory system Nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, larynx, trachea, lungs Urinary system Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra Reproductive system ? Uterus, uterine tubes, ovary, vagina, Bartholin’s glands ? Testicles, epididymis, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, Cowper’s gland Circulatory system Heart, vessels, blood, and bone marrow Immune system Bone marrow, tonsils, thymus, spleen, lymph nodes, thoracic duct Endocrine system Thyroid, parathyroid glands, suprarenal (adrenal) glands, paraganglia, pancreas (islet cells), ovaries, testicles, pituitary gland, hypothalamus Nervous system Brain, spinal cord, peripheral nervous system (with somatic and autonomic components) C Evolution of body cavities While in fish (a) all internal organs are situated in a single common body cavity, in mammals (b), the diaphragm separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. Due to shared evolutionary history, the structures of these two body cavities are basically identical. The different anatomical terms used for similar structures (e.g., pleura – peritoneum) are functionally meaningless. In mammals, there is no physical structure that separates the abdominal cavity from the pelvic cavity. They form a continuous space that in terms of its topographical anatomy is divided only by the superior border of the bony pelvis. The anatomical unit of the abdominal and pelvic cavities is of clinical significance as there are no anatomical barriers to restrict the spread of inflammation or tumors between these two compartments. The diaphragm acts as a barrier to stop tumors or inflammation from spreading from the abdominal to the thoracic cavity and vice versa. 1.2 Organogenesis and the Development of Body Cavities
A Differentiation of the germ layers (after Christ and Wachtler) After the formation of the trilaminar embryonic disc at the end of the third week (see B) the primordia (precursor cells destined to become a specific tissue or organ) of the different tissues and organs are arranged according to the body plan. In the subsequent embryonic period (weeks 4 to 8), the three germ layers (ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm) give rise to all major external and internal organs (organogenesis). At the same time, the trilaminar embryonic disc begins to fold, resulting in major changes in body form and internal structure. By the end of the embryonic stage, the major features of the body are recognizable and the organs have moved into their eventual position within and outside of the body cavities. B Neurulation and Somite Formation (after Sadler) a, c, and e Dorsal views of the embryonic disc after removal of the amnion; b, d, and f Schematic cross-sections of the corresponding stages at the planes of section as marked in a, c, and e; Age is in postovulatory days. During neurulation (formation of the neural tube from the neural plate), the neuroectoderm differentiates from the surface ectoderm, due to inductive influences from the notochord, and the neural tube and neural crest cells move inside the embryo. a and b Embryonic disc at 19 days: The neural groove is developing in the area of the neural plate. c and d Embryonic disc at 20 days: In the paraxial mesoderm, flanking both sides of the neural groove and notochord, the first somites have formed (they contain cellular material assigned to form the spinal column, muscles, and subcutaneous tissue). Immediately lateral to the paraxial mesoderm is the intermediate mesoderm, and lateral to that is the lateral plate mesoderm. The neural groove is beginning to close to form the neural tube and the embryo begins to fold. e and f Embryonic disc at 22 days: Eight pairs of somites are seen flanking the partially closed neural tube which is sinking below the ectoderm. In the lateral plate mesoderm, the intraembryonic coelom, or future body cavity, arises. It will later develop both a parietal and a visceral layer (somatopleure and splanchnopleure). On the side facing the coelom, a mesothelial lining develops from the somato- and splanchnopleure. It later forms the serous membranes lining the pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal cavities. The neural tube migrates deeper into the mesoderm, and the somites differentiate into sclerotome, myotome, and dermatome. C Formation of the intraembryonic coelom (after Waldeyer) a View into the chorionic cavity (extraembryonic coelom); b Cut through the amnionic cavity, embryonic disc and yolk sac (the chorionic cavity has been removed); c View of the embryonic disc (the intraembryonic coelomic canal has been highlighted in red). The eventual definitive serous cavities (pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal) arise from the intraembryonic coelom which begins to form in week 4 when intercellular clefts (not shown) appear in the lateral plate mesoderm (see B). The intraembryonic coelom divides the lateral plate mesoderm into parietal and visceral layers (somatopleure and splanchnopleure). At the edges of the embryonic disc, the somatopleure adjacent to the surface ectoderm is continuous with the extraembryonic mesoderm of the amnion. The splanchnopleure adjacent to the endoderm is continuous with the extraembryonic mesoderm of the yolk sac. Thus, the intraembryonic coelom surrounds the opening of the yolk sac like a ring (the coelomic ring). In the cranial part of the embryo, the coelomic ring closes off from the extraembryonic coelom (chorionic cavity) and forms a horseshoe shaped intraembryonic coelomic canal, which is visible when viewed from above. The caudal intra- and extraembryonic coeloms (see D) continue to communicate with one another through the...
