Alternate Processes in Photography

Technique, History, and Creative Potential
Erscheinungsjahr 2017
ISBN: 978-0-19-939039-7
Verlag: OXFORD UNIV PR

Buch, Englisch, 224 Seiten, Format (B × H): 216 mm x 280 mm, Gewicht: 576 g

Alternate Process in Photography: Technique, History, and Creative Potential offers a unique, practitioner's perspective on the history and practice of photographic processes. The book emphasizes handmade, largely historical photographic techniques, and provides detailed information for both beginning and advanced photographers.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Arnold, Brian

Fachgebiete

• Geisteswissenschaften Kunst Kunstgeschichte
• Geisteswissenschaften Kunst Fotografie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

- Contents

- Acknowledgments

- Introduction

- Chapter 1 Negatives

- Digital Negatives

- Required Materials

- Darkroom Negatives

- Required Materials

- The Importance of Making Good Negatives

- Historical Introduction

- Traditional Darkroom Options

- Digital Negatives

- Primary Photoshop Tools

- Contrast Controls: Levels and Curves

- Image Mode

- Invert

- Layer Adjustments

- Sharpening

- Image Size

- Negative Supports

- Acetate

- Paper and Vellum

- Pictorico and Other Inkjet Films

- Film

- Making the Negative

- File Types

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 2 Paper

- Historical Introduction

- Making Paper

- Paper Terminology

- Tooth

- Finish

- Sizing

- Acid-Free

- Deckle

- Grain

- Weight

- Handmade Paper

- Machine-Made Paper

- Moldmade Paper

- Types of Paper

- Writing Paper

- Drawing Paper

- Printmaking Paper

- Watercolor Paper

- Other Options

- Preshrinking

- Sizing

- Spray Starch

- Arrowroot Starch

- Gesso

- Gum Arabic

- Gelatin

- Other Supports

- Fabrics

- Canvas

- Wood, Glass, Ceramics, and Metal

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 3 Salted Paper (Calotype)

- Required Chemicals

- Optional Chemicals

- Historical Introduction

- Chemistry

- Sensitizer

- Development

- Toner

- Fixer

- Clearing

- Making the Print

- Negatives

- Paper

- Coating

- Exposure

- Development

- Toning

- Fixing

- Clearing and Washing

- Troubleshooting

- Fading

- Weak Prints

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 4 Cyanotype

- Required Chemicals

- Optional Chemicals

- Historical Introduction

- Chemistry

- Sensitizer

- Development

- Clearing Baths

- Other Chemicals

- Making the Print

- The Negative

- Papers

- Mixing the Sensitizer

- Exposure

- Development

- Clearing/Finishing

- Toning

- Tea and Coffee

- Borax

- Dektol/Print Developer

- Ammonia

- Sodium Carbonate

- Tannic Acid

- Troubleshooting

- Staining

- Weak Prints

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 5 Van Dyke Brown

- Required Chemicals

- Optional Chemicals

- Historical Introduction

- Chemistry

- Sensitizer

- Development

- Toners

- Fixing

- Clearing Agents

- Contrast Control

- Making the Print

- The Negative

- Papers

- Coating

- Exposure

- Development

- Toning

- Fixing

- Clearing and Washing

- Troubleshooting

- Dark Prints

- Light Prints

- Streaking

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 6 Platinum and Palladium

- Required Chemicals

- Optional Chemicals

- Historical Introduction

- Chemistry

- Sensitizer

- Development

- Ammonium Citrate Developer

- Potassium Oxalate Developer

- Cold Bath Developer

- Clearing Baths

- Other Chemicals

- Gold Chloride

- Na2

- Making the Print

- The Negative

- Papers

- Mixing the Sensitizer

- Further Contrast Control

- Palladium Combined with Platinum

- Gold Chloride

- Exposing the Print

- Developing the Print

- Troubleshooting

- Fogging

- Solarization/"Bronzing"

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 7 Variations on Platinum and Palladium

- Kallitype: Required Chemicals

- Kallitype: Optional Chemicals

- Ziatype: Required Chemicals

- Ziatype: Optional Chemicals

- Kallitype: Historical Introduction

- Kallitype: Chemistry

- Sensitizer

- Development

- Toning

- Clearing Baths

- Fixer

- Contrast Control

- Kallitype: Making the Print

- The Negative

- Papers

- Coating

- Exposure

- Development

- Clearing Baths

- Toning

- Fixing

- Final Wash

- Kallitype: Troubleshooting

- Yellow Highlights

- Streaking

- Weak or Faded Prints

- Ziatype: Historical Introduction

- Ziatype: Chemistry

- Sensitizer

- Ammonium Ferric Oxalate

- Lithium Palladium Chloride

- Cesium Palladium Chloride

- Ammonium Dichromate

- Gold Chloride

- Sodium Tungstate

- Tween 20

- Clearing Baths

- Ziatype: Making the Print

- The Negative

- Paper

- Coating

- Exposure

- Development/Processing

- Ziatype: Troubleshooting

- Weak Prints

- Inconsistent Results

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 8 Gum Bichromate

- Required Chemicals

- Optional Chemicals

- Historical Introduction

- Chemistry

- Bichromates

- Gum Arabic

- Other Colloids

- Albumen

- Glue

- Watercolors

- Clearing: Sodium/Potassium Metabisulfite

- Making the Print

- The Basics: Working in Black and White

- Negatives

- Papers

- Preshrinking

- More on Sizing

- Mixing the Sensitizer

- Coating

- Exposure

- Development

- Registration

- Clearing

- Advanced Printing: Full Color

- Additive versus Subtractive Color

- Negatives

- Exposing the Print

- Troubleshooting

- Staining

- Development

- Sizing

- Paint

- Gum Arabic

- Base Layer

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 9 Lifts and Transfers

- Required Materials

- Historical Introduction

- Ideas, Methods, and Techniques

- Tape Lifts

- Gesso or Gel/Matte Medium Transfers

- Acrylic Transfers as Transparencies

- Solvent Transfers

- Inkjet Transfer Prints

- Method One

- Method Two

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 10 Wet Plate Collodion

- Required Chemicals

- Optional Chemicals

- Historical Introduction

- Equipment

- Chemistry

- Sensitizer

- Developers

- Fixer

- Varnish

- Making the Photograph

- Preparing the Plates

- Glass for Ambrotypes

- Tin for Tintypes

- Sensitizing the Plates

- Exposure

- Development

- Fixing the Plates

- Washing the Plates

- Drying the Plates

- Varnishing the Plates

- Turning the Glass Image Positive

- Troubleshooting

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 11 Liquid Emulsions

- Required Chemicals

- Optional Chemicals

- Historical Introduction

- Plates and Negatives

- Photographic Papers and Printing

- Liquid Emulsions

- Making the Print

- Chemistry

- Emulsions

- Processing Chemisty

- Preparing a Surface for Coating

- Metal

- Glass and Ceramics

- Wood

- Coating the Emulsion

- Exposure and Development

- Fixing

- Clearing

- Washing

- Toning/Postdevelopment Processing

- Troubleshooting

- Image Density

- Emulsion Lacks Stability

- Peeling and Cracking

- Wrapping It Up

- Chapter 12 Combination Printing

- Gum Bichromate

- Platinum/Cyanotype

- Cyanotype/Van Dyke Brown

- Mixing with Printmaking and Transfer Techniques

- Wrapping It Up

- Appendix: Chemical Safety

- Bibliography

- Suggested Websites

- Glossary

- Index

Über Autor(innen)

Brian Arnold is a visiting research fellow in the Southeast Asia Program at Cornell University. He is a photographer, musician, and writer.