Surfactants

In Solution, at Interfaces and in Colloidal Dispersions
Erscheinungsjahr 2019
ISBN: 978-0-19-882860-0
Verlag: OXFORD UNIV PR

Buch, Englisch, 576 Seiten, Format (B × H): 175 mm x 250 mm, Gewicht: 1147 g

Surfactants. today you have probably eaten some, or rubbed others on your body. Plants, animals (including you) and microorganisms make them, and many everyday products (e.g. detergents, cosmetics, foodstuffs) contain them. Surfactant molecules have one part which is soluble in water and another which is not. This gives surfactant molecules two valuable properties: 1) they adsorb at surfaces (e.g. of an oil droplet in water), and 2) they stick together (aggregate) in water. The aggregates (micelles) are able to dissolve materials not soluble in water alone, and adsorbed surfactant layers, at the surfaces of particles or (say) oil droplets in water, stop the particles or drops sticking together. This is why stable emulsions such as milk do not separate into layers. This book treats the basic physical chemistry and physics underlying the behaviour of surfactant systems.

In this book, you will first learn about some background material including hydrophobic hydration, interfacial tension and capillarity (Section I). Discussion of surfactant adsorption at liquid/fluid and solid/liquid interfaces is given in Section II, and includes thermodynamics of adsorption, dynamic and rheological aspects of liquid interfaces and the direct characterisation of surfactant monolayers. In Section III, a description is given of surfactant aggregation to give micelles, lyotropic liquid crystals, microemulsions and Winsor systems. There follows a discussion of surface forces and the way they confer stability on lyophobic colloids and thin liquid films (Section IV). Various dispersions stabilised by adsorbed surfactant or polymer (including solid in liquid dispersions, emulsions and foams) are considered in Section V. The wetting of solids and liquids is explored in Section VI. Like surfactants, small solid particles can adsorb at liquid/fluid interfaces, form monolayers and stabilise emulsions and foams. Such behaviour is covered in Section VII. It is assumed the reader has a knowledge of undergraduate physical chemistry, particularly chemical thermodynamics, and of simple physics. Mathematics (elementary algebra and calculus) is kept at a level consistent with the straightforward derivation of many of the equations presented.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Aveyard, Bob

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Chemie Physikalische Chemie Oberflächenchemie und Adsorption
• Naturwissenschaften Physik Thermodynamik Physik der weichen Materie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

- SECTION I BACKGROUND

- 1: What are surfactants?

- 2: Oil and water do not mix: hydrophobic hydration

- 3: Capillarity, wetting and surface (interfacial) tension

- SECTION II ADSORPTION OF SURFACTANTS

- 4: Adsorption of surfactants at liquid interfaces: thermodynamics

- 5: Adsorption of surfactants at liquid/vapour and liquid/liquid interfaces

- 6: Dynamic aspects of liquid interfaces

- 7: Adsorption of surfactants at solid/liquid interfaces

- 8: Direct characterisation of adsorbed surfactant layers

- SECTION III: AGGREGATION OF SURFACTANTS IN SOLUTION

- 9: Aggregation of surfactants in aqueous systems

- 10: Surfactants in systems with oil and water, including microemulsions

- Section IV: SURFACE FORCES AND THIN LIQUID FILMS

- 11: Surface forces and colloidal behaviour

- 12: Thin liquid films

- SECTION V: DISPERSIONS STABILISED BY SURFACTANTS

- 13: Dispersions of solids in liquids

- 14: Emulsions and Foams

- 15: Rheology of colloids

- SECTION VI: WETTING OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS

- 16: Wetting

- SECTION VII: SYSYEMS WITH PARTICLES AT LIQUID INTERFACES

- 17: Particles in Monolayers and Thin Liquid Films

- 18: Emulsions stabilised by solid particles

- THEMES AND CONNECTIONS

Über Autor(innen)

Bob Aveyard is Professor Emeritus at the University of Hull, where he was Personal Chair in Colloid and Surface Chemistry. He was awarded Colloid and Interface Science Group Medal of the Royal Society of Chemistry in 1994 for "contributions to colloid and surface chemistry". Aveyard has 40 years experience teaching at undergraduate, postgraduate and postdoctoral levels, contributing to courses for industrial researchers, and directing research sponsored by Government and major British and overseas companies. He spent a sabbatical year with BP Research at Sunbury (1987-1988). He earned his Ph.D. at Sheffield University, and did postdoctoral research in the Department of Colloid Science at Cambridge University.