Geoscientists at Crime Scenes

A Companion to Forensic Geoscience
1. Auflage 2017
ISBN: 978-3-319-58047-0
Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buch, Englisch, 237 Seiten, Format (B × H): 160 mm x 241 mm, Gewicht: 541 g

Reihe: Soil Forensics

This book presents the forensic geoscience in general and, in particular, in Italy and their application to peculiar crimes.  Italy is internationally relevant due to the presence of different kinds of “geo-crimes” (in the first place, environmental mafia), and is emblematic to understanding the best way to fight these crimes.  This book will not only offer a new view point to comprehending these “geo-crimes”, but also fresh and updated results of the different methods applied to fight against these crimes.  This book is unique in that it is not a collection of articles but an individual work with the same theme beginning with a state-of-the-art of these disciplines to their international value passing through several case studies.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Barone, Pier Matteo

Di Maggio, Rosa Maria

Fachgebiete

• Geowissenschaften Geologie Geologie
• Geowissenschaften Geologie Bodenkunde, Sedimentologie
• Geowissenschaften Geologie Geophysik
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften
• Technische Wissenschaften Umwelttechnik | Umwelttechnologie Umwelttechnik
• Geisteswissenschaften Geschichtswissenschaft Alte Geschichte & Archäologie
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizinische Fachgebiete Forensik, Rechtsmedizin, Gerichtsmedizin
• Geowissenschaften Geologie GIS, Geoinformatik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface
Chapter 1 – Introduction to forensic geoscience
1.1 The Applications of forensic geoscience
1.2 Crime Scene Investigations
1.3 The geo-scientific approach to crime scene
Chapter 2 - Geological materials on the crime scene
2.1 Minerals
2.2 Rocks
2.3 Sands
2.4 Dusts
2.5 Soils2.6 Gems2.7 Precious metalsChapter 3 - Pedology applied to forensics
3.1 Characteristics of forensic soils
3.2 Interdisciplinary in studies and forensic soil science analysis
3.3 The site survey in forensic soil science applications
3.4 The collection of evidence and preservation of traces of soil samples
3.5 The effects of wrong methods and operations during site surveys and evidence collection
3.6 Issues related to traces of soil
Chapter 4 - Forensic Analysis of Soils and Geological Materials
4.1 Forensic laboratory analytical procedures for soils 4.2 Color analysis
4.3 The particle size analysis
4.4 Density analysis
4.5 Stereoscopic microscope analysis
4.6 Analysis by means of the polarizing microscope
4.7 X-ray diffraction analysis
4.8 SEM-EDX spectroscopy
4.9 Raman Spectroscopy
4.10 FT-IR spectroscopy
4.11 Thermal analysis
Chapter 5 - Remote sensing applications in forensic investigations
5.1 Photointerpretation
5.2 Aerial photo parameters
5.3 Forensic photo-interpretation
Appendix - A brief history of aerial photography in Italy
Chapter 6 - Forensic Geomorphology
6.1. Overview
6.2. Principles and concepts of geomorphology
6.3. Geomorphological surveying
6.4. Determining the activity state of landforms6.5. The detection of surface depositsChapter 7 - Environmental Forensics
7.1 Inspections and historical research
7.2 Aerial photos and satellite footage
7.3 GPS surveys and DTM
7.4 Operating modes of sample collection
7.5 Packaging and transport
7.6 Worksite operating issues
7.7. Forensic environmental expert's activities
Chapter 8 - Forensic Geophysics
8.1 Forensic geophysics
8.2 Pros and Cons of forensic geophysics
8.3 Cadaver dogs
8.4 Survey criticalities
Appendix - How does GPR work
Chapter 9 - Forensic Archaeology
9.1 Forensic archeology
9.2 Stratigraphic excavations at the crime scene
9.3 Forensic Archaeology and the integrated approach
9.4 Survey criticalities
Chapter 10 - Quality, Expertise, and Ethics in Forensic Geoscience