Buch, Englisch, 896 Seiten, Format (B × H): 203 mm x 251 mm, Gewicht: 1542 g
Buch, Englisch, 896 Seiten, Format (B × H): 203 mm x 251 mm, Gewicht: 1542 g
ISBN: 978-1-119-72329-5
Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
Guiding engineering and technology students for over five decades, DeGarmo's Materials and Processes in Manufacturing provides a comprehensive introduction to manufacturing materials, systems, and processes. Coverage of materials focuses on properties and behavior, favoring a practical approach over complex mathematics; analytical equations and mathematical models are only presented when they strengthen comprehension and provide clarity. Material production processes are examined in the context of practical application to promote efficient understanding of basic principles, and broad coverage of manufacturing processes illustrates the mechanisms of each while exploring their respective advantages and limitations.
Aiming for both accessibility and completeness, this text offers introductory students a comprehensive guide to material behavior and selection, measurement and inspection, machining, fabrication, molding, fastening, and other important processes using plastics, ceramics, composites, and ferrous and nonferrous metals and alloys. This extensive overview of the field gives students a solid foundation for advanced study in any area of engineering, manufacturing, and technology.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Fachgebiete
Weitere Infos & Material
Preface iii
Acronyms xiii
1 Introduction to DeGarmo’s Materials and Processes in Manufacturing 1
1.1 Materials, Manufacturing, and the Standard of Living 1
1.2 Manufacturing and Production Systems 2
2 Properties of Materials 23
2.1 Introduction 23
2.2 Static Properties 24
2.3 Dynamic Properties 34
2.4 Temperature Effects (Both High and Low) 39
2.5 Machinability, Formability, and Weldability 42
2.6 Fracture Toughness and the Fracture Mechanics Approach 42
2.7 Physical Properties 43
2.8 Testing Standards and Testing Concerns 43
3 Nature of Materials 45
3.1 Structure—Property—Processing—Performance Relationships 45
3.2 The Structure of Atoms 45
3.3 Atomic Bonding 46
3.4 Secondary Bonds 47
3.5 Atom Arrangements in Materials 48
3.6 Crystal Structures 48
3.7 Development of a Grain Structure 49
3.8 Elastic Deformation 50
3.9 Plastic Deformation 50
3.10 Dislocation Theory of Slippage 52
3.11 Strain Hardening or Work Hardening 53
3.12 Plastic Deformation in Polycrystalline Material 53
3.13 Grain Shape and Anisotropic Properties 54
3.14 Fracture 54
3.15 Cold Working, Recrystallization, and Hot Working 54
3.16 Grain Growth 55
3.17 Alloys and Alloy Types 55
3.18 Atomic Structure and Electrical Properties 56
4 Equilibrium Phase Diagrams and the Iron–Carbon System 57
4.1 Introduction 57
4.2 Phases 57
4.3 Equilibrium Phase Diagrams 57
4.4 Iron–Carbon Equilibrium Diagram 63
4.5 Steels and the Simplified Iron–Carbon Diagram 64
4.6 Cast Irons 65
5 Heat Treatment 67
5.1 Introduction 67
5.2 Processing Heat Treatments 67
5.3 Heat Treatments Used to Increase Strength 69
5.4 Strengthening Heat Treatments for Nonferrous Metals 70
5.5 Strengthening Heat Treatments for Steel 72
5.6 Surface Hardening of Steel 83
5.7 Furnaces 84
5.8 Heat Treatment and Energy 86
6 Ferrous Metals and Alloys 87
6.1 Introduction to History-Dependent Materials 87
6.2 Ferrous Metals 87
6.3 Iron 88
6.4 Steel 88
6.5 Stainless Steels 98
6.6 Tool Steels 100
6.7 Cast Irons 102
6.8 Cast Steels 105
6.9 The Role of Processing on Cast Properties 105
7 Nonferrous Metals and Alloys 106
7.1 Introduction 106
7.2 Copper and Copper Alloys 106
7.3 Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys 111
7.4 Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys 115
7.5 Zinc and Zinc Alloys 118
7.6 Titanium and Titanium Alloys 119
7.7 Nickel-Based Alloys 120
7.8 Superalloys, Refractory Metals, and Other Materials Designed for High-Temperature Service 120
7.9 Lead and Tin and Their Alloys 123
7.10 Some Lesser-Known Metals and Alloys 123
7.11 Metallic Glasses 123
7.12 Graphite 123
7.13 Materials for Specific Applications 124
7.14 High Entropy Alloys 124
8 Nonmetallic Materials: Plastics, Elastomers, Ceramics, and Composites 125
8.1 Introduction 125
8.2 Plastics 125
8.3 Elastomers 135
8.4 Ceramics 137
8.5 Composite Materials 145
9 Material Selection 153
9.1 Introduction 153
9.2 Material Selection and Manufacturing Processes 155
9.3 The Design Process 155
9.4 Approaches to Material Selection 156
9.5 Additional Factors to Consider 158
9.6 Consideration of the Manufacturing Process 159
9.7 Ultimate Objective 159
9.8 Materials Substitution 161
9.9 Effect of Product Liability on Materials Selection 161
9.10 Aids to Material Selection 162
10 Measurement and Inspection 163
10.1 Introduction 163
10.2 Standards of Measurement 163
10.3 Allowance and Tolerance 166
10.4 Inspection Methods for Measurement 171
10.5 Measuring Instruments 172
10.6 Vision Systems 180
10.7 Coordinate Measuring Machines 180
10.8 Angle-Measuring Instruments 181
10.9 Gages for Attributes Measuring 182
11 Nondestructive Examination (NDE) / Nondestructive Testing (NDT) 186
11.1 Destructive vs. Nondestructive Testing 186
11.2 Visual Inspection 187
11.3 Liquid Penetrant Inspection 188
11.4 Magnetic Particle Inspection 189
11.5 Ultrasonic Inspection 190
11.6 Radiography 191
11.7 Eddy-Current Testing 192
11.8 Acoustic Emission Monitoring 194
11.9 Other Methods of Nondestructive Testing and Inspection 195
11.10 Dormant vs. Critical Flaws 196
11.11 Current and Future Trends 196
12 Process Capability and Quality Control 197
12.1 Introduction 197
12.2 Determining Process Capability 198
12.3 Introduction to Statistical Quality Control 204
12.4 Sampling Errors 207
12.5 Gage Capability 208
12.6 Just in Time/Total Quality Control 209
12.7 Six Sigma 217
12.8 Summary 220
13 Fundamentals of Casting 221
13.1 Introduction to Materials Processing 221
13.2 Introduction to Casting 222
13.3 Casting Terminology 223
13.4 The Solidification Process 223
13.5 Patterns 231
13.6 Design Considerations in Castings 232
13.7 The Casting Industry 234
14 Expendable-Mold Casting Processes 236
14.1 Introduction 236
14.2 Sand Casting 236
14.3 Cores and Core Making 249
14.4 Other Expendable-Mold Processes with Multiple- Use Patterns 252
14.5 Expendable-Mold Processes Using Single-Use Patterns 253
14.6 Shakeout, Cleaning, and Finishing 259
14.7 Summary 259
15 Multiple-Use-Mold Casting Processes 260
15.1 Introduction 260
15.2 Permanent-Mold Casting 260
15.3 Die Casting 263
15.4 Squeeze Casting and Semisolid Casting 266
15.5 Centrifugal Casting 267
15.6 Continuous Casting 269
15.7 Melting 269
15.8 Pouring Practice 271
15.9 Cleaning, Finishing, Heat Treating, and Inspection 272
15.10 Automation in Foundry Operations 273
15.11 Process Selection 273
16 Powder Metallurgy (Particulate Processing) 275
16.1 Introduction 275
16.2 The Basic Process 275
16.3 Powder Manufacture 276
16.4 Powder Testing and Evaluation 277
16.5 Powder Mixing and Blending 277
16.6 Compacting 278
16.7 Sintering 281
16.8 Advances in Sintering (Shorter Time, Higher Density, Stronger Products) 282
16.9 Hot-Isostatic Pressing 282
16.10 Other Techniques to Produce High-Density P/M Products 283
16.11 Metal Injection Molding (MIM) 284
16.12 Secondary Operations 285
16.13 Properties of P/M Products 287
16.14 Design of Powder Metallurgy Parts 288
16.15 Powder Metallurgy Products 289
16.16 Advantages and Disadvantages of Powder Metallurgy 290
16.17 Process Summary 291
17 Fundamentals of Metal Forming 292
17.1 Introduction 292
17.2 Forming Processes: Independent Variables 292
17.3 Dependent Variables 293
17.4 Independent–Dependent Relationships 294
17.5 Process Modeling 295
17.6 General Parameters 295
17.7 Friction, Lubrication, and Wear under Metalworking Conditions 296
17.8 Temperature Concerns 297
17.9 Formability 303
18 Bulk-Forming Processes 304
18.1 Introduction 304
18.2 Classification of Deformation Processes 304
18.3 Bulk Deformation Processes 304
18.4 Rolling 305
18.5 Forging 309
18.6 Extrusion 318
18.7 Wire, Rod, and Tube Drawing 322
18.8 Cold Forming, Cold Forging, and Impact Extrusion 324
18.9 Piercing 327
18.10 Other Squeezing Processes 328
18.11 Surface Improvement by Deformation Processing 330
19 Sheet-Forming Processes 331
