Buch, Englisch, 448 Seiten, Format (B × H): 156 mm x 234 mm, Gewicht: 676 g
Buch, Englisch, 448 Seiten, Format (B × H): 156 mm x 234 mm, Gewicht: 676 g
ISBN: 978-0-19-007444-9
Verlag: ACADEMIC
Ideal for students with little or no background in philosophy, Ethical Choices: An Introduction to Moral Philosophy with Cases provides a concise, balanced, and highly accessible introduction to ethics. Featuring an especially lucid and engaging writing style, the text surveys a wide range of ethical theories and perspectives including consequentialist ethics, deontological ethics, natural and virtue ethics, the ethics of care, and ethics and religion.
Each chapter of Ethical Choices also includes compelling case studies that are carefully matched with the theoretical material. Many of these cases address issues that students can relate directly to their own lives: the drinking age, student credit card debt, zero tolerance policies, grade inflation, and video games. Other cases discuss current topics like living wills, obesity, human trafficking, torture "lite," universal health care, and just-war theory. The cases provide students with practice in addressing real-life moral choices, as well as opportunities to evaluate the usefulness and applicability of each ethical theory. Every case study concludes with a set of Thought Questions to guide students as they reflect upon the issues raised by that case.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Weitere Infos & Material
- Preface
- Analyzing a Case
- Part I Introduction: Theory and Practice
- Chapter One: Morals and Values
- I. EXTRAORDINARY AND ORDINARY MORALS
- II. VALUES
- III. THE MORAL VS. NON-MORAL
- IV. INTRINSIC AND INSTRUMENTAL VALUES
- V. VALUES AND FOUNDATIONS
- Values Exercise
- Case 1 Breastfeeding in Public
- Case 2 Buy Now, Pay Forever
- Case 3 The Real Price of Coffee
- Chapter Two: Moral Relativism
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. THREE VIEWS OF ETHICS
- III. EVALUATING SUBJECTIVISM
- IV. SUPPORTING RELATIVISM
- V. AGAINST RELATIVISM
- VI. A MATTER OF TOLERANCE
- **VII. BEYOND CULTURAL RELATIVISM
- Case 1 Greased Gems
- Case 2 Arranged Marriage
- Case 3 Female Genital Mutilation
- Case 4 Vaccine Exemptions by Law
- Chapter Three: Autonomy, Moral Agency, and Self-identity
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. PERSONAL AUTONOMY
- III. IMPLICATIONS OF AUTONOMY
- IV. MORAL AGENTS
- V. FILLING IN AUTONOMY
- VI. **DEVELOPING SELF-IDENTITY
- Case 1 The Drunk Driver
- Case 2 Elizabeth Bouvia
- Case 3 Should the Drinking Age Be Eighteen?
- Case 4 The Living Will
- Case 5 Determining Racial Identity
- Chapter Four: Making Moral Judgments
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. CONFLICTS
- III. CHARACTERIZING MORAL CLAIMS
- IV. FORMAL MORAL REASONING
- V. MORAL REFLECTION
- Case 1 Mr. Research
- Case 2 Child Marriage
- Case 3 Who's Responsible for Obesity?
- Chapter Five: Psychology and Morality
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. SITUATIONISM AND MORAL CHARACTER
- III. OF TWO MINDS
- IV. THE ETHICS OF CHOICE AND BELIEF
- V. ALTRUISM
- Case 1 Human Trafficking
- Case 2 A Kindly Companion
- Case 3 A Covid party
- Case 4 Evaluating Expertise
- PART II Introduction
- Chapter Six: Egoism
- I. Introduction
- II. Ethical and Psychological Egoism
- III. Assessing Ethical Egoism
- IV. **Why Does Egoism Go Wrong?
- Case 1 Declaring Wages
- Case 2 A Scratched Bumper
- Case 3 Job Competition
- Case 4 MAD
- Chapter Seven: Consequentialist Ethics: Act Utilitarianism
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. UTILITY AND CONSEQUENTIALISM
- III. **UTILITY AND MILL'S ACCOUNT
- IV. ACT UTILITARIANISM
- V. ADVANTAGES AND PROBLEMS
- VI. **BEYOND CLASSICAL UTILITARIANISM
- Case 1 Charity vs. Xbox
- Case 2 Sponsoring a Child
- Case 3 Should Your Next Car Be all-electric?
- Case 4 Factory Farming and Animal Suffering
- Case 5 Torture Lite
- Chapter Eight: Consequentialist Ethics: Rule Utilitarianism
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. RULE UTILITARIANISM
- III. RULE VS. ACT UTILITARIANISM
- IV. PROBLEMS WITH RULE UTILITARIANISM
- V. **JUSTICE AND RIGHTS REVISITED
- Case 1 Transgender Students and College Athletics
- Case 2 Curbing Grade Inflation
- Case 3 Universal Healthcare
- Chapter Nine: Deontological Ethics
- I. INTRODUCTION
- **II. ROSS'S ETHICS
- III. KANT'S GOOD WILL
- IV. KANT'S PRINCIPLE OF ENDS
- V. KANT'S PRINCIPLE OF UNIVERSAL LAW
- VI. ATTRACTIONS AND PROBLEMS
- VII. **AUTONOMY AND KANT'S KINGDOM OF ENDS
- Case 1 Internet Bride-Straight from Asia
- Case 2 A Demanding Honor Code
- Case 3 The Ayala Case
- Case 4 A Personal Decision
- Case 5 Suicide
- Chapter Ten: Natural Law Theory
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. NATURAL LAW THEORY
- III. FORFEITURE
- IV. DOUBLE EFFECT
- V. PROBLEMS FOR NATURAL LAW THEORY
- Case 1 Relieving Pain in a Dying Patient
- Case 2 Birth Control
- Case 3 Just War Theory and the Killing of Noncombatants
- Case 4 Permanent Vegetative State: The Case of Terri Schiavo
- Chapter Eleven: Social Contracts and Rights
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. LOCKE
- III. HOBBES
- IV. RAWLS
- V. SOME INITIAL ASSESSMENTS
- VI. MORE ON RIGHTS
- VII. **STRUCTURAL VIOLENCE
- Case 1 Socrates's Imprisonment
- Case 2 Lord of the Flies
- Case 3 Locke and Load: Lockean Rights and Gun Control
- Chapter Twelve: Virtue Ethics
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. THE HEART OF VIRTUE ETHICS
- III. ARISTOTLE'S VIRTUE ETHICS
- IV. **CRITIQUING PRINCIPLE-BASED ETHICS
- V. CLASSIFYING THE VIRTUES
- VI. PROBLEMS WITH VIRTUE ETHICS
- Case 1 The Unlikely Rescue
- Case 2 Video Games
- Case 3 Compulsive Gambling and the Internet
- Case 4 Moral Luck
- Case 5 Democracy in Switzerland
- Chapter Thirteen: Feminism and Care Ethics
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. **FEMINIST ETHICS
- III. THE CARE PERSPECTIVE
- IV. ELEMENTS OF CARE ETHICS
- V. PROBLEMS
- VI. **CARE AND VIRTUE
- VII.** NEW DEVELOPMENTS
- Case 1 The Heinz dilemma
- Case 2 The International Gemstone Trade
- Case 3 Parent Responsibility Toward Their In Utero Child
- Case 4 Absolute Poverty
- Chapter Fourteen: Ethics and Religion
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. DIVINE COMMAND THEORY
- III. AN ALTERNATE DEPENDENCY ACCOUNT
- IV. OBJECTIONS AND ELABORATIONS
- V. COMPLETENESS
- Case 1 By Divine Command?
- Case 2 Religious Symbols and Public Schools
- Case 3 A Question of Authority
- PART III Introduction
- Chapter Fifteen: Medical Ethics: Futility
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. CONFLICTS
- Case 1 Infant Medical Futility
- Case 2 National Triage
- Case 3 Challenge Studies
- Chapter Sixteen: Organizational Ethics: Whistleblowing
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. CLASSIC ANALYSIS
- III. COMPLICITY and SUCCESS
- IV. A MODIFIED ANALYSIS
- Case 1 Mr. Tran and Wells Fargo
- Case 2 Surfer, Sailor, Whistleblower
- Case 3 The Challenger
- Case 4 The Snowden Leak
- Chapter Seventeen: Environmental Ethics: Pollution and Resource Use
- I. OPTIMIZATION AND CONFLICTS
- II. CLIMATE CHANGE
- III. A PRACTICAL AND MORAL RESPONSE
- Case 1 National Parks
- Case 2 The Diesel Dupe
- Case 3 Anthropocentric vs. Ecocentric Views
- Chapter Eighteen: Obligations to Future Generations
- I. INTRODUCTION
- II. CAN THERE BE OBLIGATIONS TOWARDS NON-EXISTENT PEOPLE?
- III. CAN THERE BE OBLIGATIONS TOWARDS INDETERMINATE PEOPLE?
- IV. IS THERE AN OBLIGATION TO ENSURE ANY FUTURE HUMANITY?
- V. GUIDING PRINCIPLES
- Case 1 The Inheritance
- Case 2 Hey, isn't That Your Grandkid's Dinner?
- Case 3 Juggling Life, Health and the Economy
- Case 4 Designer Babies: Science Fiction No More
- Postscript
- Glossary
- Index
