Plant Anatomy

1. Auflage 2008
ISBN: 978-1-4051-2679-3
Verlag: John Wiley & Sons

Buch, Englisch, 320 Seiten, Format (B × H): 169 mm x 244 mm, Gewicht: 611 g

Unentbehrlich zum Nachschlagen, als Vorlesungsbegleiter und fürs Regal im Labor: Dieser Leitfaden der Anatomie der Pflanzen legt großen Wert auf die Verknüpfung der Fakten mit Anwendungen und Forschungszielen. Die mitgelieferte CD-ROM enthält eine Vielzahl von Fotos und rasterelektronenmikroskopischen Aufnahmen in hervorragender Qualität, dazu Übungsaufgaben zur Überprüfung des Lernfortschritts.

Zielgruppe

Undergraduates taking courses in plant anatomy, applied plant anatomy and plant biology, and researchers and postgraduates in plant sciences.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Cutler, David F.

Botha, Ted

Stevenson, Dennis Wm.

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Botanik Pflanzenreproduktion, Verbreitung, Genetik
• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Tierkunde / Zoologie Tierphysiologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface ix

Acknowledgements x

Introduction 1

1 Morphology and tissue systems: the integrated plant body 4

General background 4

Adaptation to aerial growth 6

The systems in detail 9

2 Meristems and meristematic growth 14

Introduction 14

Apical meristems 15

Lateral meristems 20

Practical applications and uses of meristems 21

3 The structure of xylem and phloem 28

Introduction 28

The xylem 28

The phloem 41

Structure–function relationships in primary and secondary vascular tissues 45

4 The root 48

Introduction 48

Epidermis 48

Cortex 49

Endodermis 51

Pericycle 52

Vascular system 53

Lateral roots 54

5 The stem 57

Introduction 57

Stems – cross-sectional appearance 59

Transport phloem within the axial system 64

Transport tissue – structural components 66

Concluding remarks 68

6 The leaf 70

Introduction 70

Leaf structure 74

The epidermis 76

The mesophyll 93

Strengthening systems in the leaf 102

The vascular system 103

The phloem 108

Specifi cs of the monocotyledonous foliage leaf 111

Secretory structures 118

Concluding remarks 119

7 Flowers, fruits and seeds 121

Introduction 121

Vascularization 121

SEM studies 123

Palynology 124

Embryology 127

Seed and fruit histology 127

8 Adaptive features 135

Introduction 135

Mechanical adaptations 135

Adaptations to habitat 137

Xerophytes 139

Mesophytes 147

Hydrophytes 150

Applications 152

9 Economic aspects of applied plant anatomy 154

Introduction 154

Identifi cation and classifi cation 154

Taxonomic application 155

Medicinal plants 158

Food adulterants and contaminants 159

Animal feeding habits 162

Wood: present day 163

Wood: in archaeology 165

Forensic applications 168

Palaeobotany 169

Postscript 169

10 Practical microtechnique 170

Safety considerations 170

Materials and methods 170

Microscopy 191

Appendix 1 Selected study material 195

Appendix 2 Practical exercises 203

Glossary 242

Cited references 280

Further reading 282

Index 287

Über Autor(innen)

David F Cutler is currently an Honorary Research Fellow at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, a Visiting Professor in Botany, Reading University, and an Honorary Lecturer, Imperial College, London University. He was formerly Deputy Keeper and Head of the Plant Anatomy Section, Jodrell Laboratory, RBG Kew. He is currently President of the Linnean Society of London. His research is in pure and applied plant anatomy, including systematic anatomy of angiosperms, functional aspects of plant structure and identification of fragmentary plant material.

Ted Botha is Professor of Botany and was Head of Department at Rhodes University in Grahamstown, South Africa. His research into plant structure and function is recognized internationally as well as locally, by the National Research Foundation. He serves on the organizing committees for several international plant structure–function groups, and is a former President of The South African Association of Botany. His contribution to teaching at Rhodes University was recognized through the award of the Vice Chancellor’s Distinguished Teaching Award in 2005.

Dennis Wm Stevenson is currently Rupert Barneby Curator and Vice President for Botanical Science at the New York Botanical Garden. He also serves as editor of the journal Botanical Review, has published over 200 peer-reviewed papers, and edited 11 books ranging from horticulture to paleobotany to genomics. He holds adjunct faculty positions at City University of New York, Columbia University, Cornell University, New York University, and Yale University.