Synthetic Liquids Production and Refining

Erscheinungsjahr 2012
ISBN: 978-0-8412-2681-4
Verlag: American Chemical Society

Buch, Englisch, Band 1084, 336 Seiten, Format (B × H): 158 mm x 229 mm, Gewicht: 572 g

Reihe: ACS Symposium Series

Availability of affordable energy is a key factor in providing economic growth and an improved standard of living. For transportation, almost all of the liquid fuels are produced from crude oil. Alternative carbon sources are being used for transportation fuels only on a limited scale, and research efforts focusing on the conversion of coal, natural gas, biomass and waste to liquid products (XTL conversion) ebb and flow with the price of crude oil. Crude oil is still
considered the cheapest and most convenient source of liquid fuels, despite continually voiced concerns regarding energy security. However, the cost-effective availability of crude oil could change, possibly dramatically, in a short period of time.

Against the backdrop of concern about CO2-induced climate change, we are confronted with the "inconvenient reality" that over the medium term most of our energy requirements will be met by the conversion of fossil fuels. This is true both for transportation fuel production and for electric power generation. There is also the looming spectre of "peak oil", the point in time when global crude oil production reaches a maximum. This is coupled by increasing demand for crude oil from the developing
world. So, what do we do when there is a demand for liquid transportation fuels and petrochemicals, but crude oil is in short supply? The technological answer is to supplement conventional crude oil production with synthetic crude oil production. It is clear that society is not yet ready to forego
carbon-based energy. Therefore, although it is not clear when a strong synthetic crude oil industry will emerge, but when it does emerge, it is essential that the best technology and technical understanding be available for application.

A symposium on "Coal-, Gas-, Biomass- and Waste-to-Liquids Conversion" was held at the 240th American Chemical Society National Meeting in Boston in August 2010. It provided the opportunity to gauge current activity and progress in this field. This book follows and builds upon previous symposia devoted to the study of biomass, coal and waste conversion. The chapters cover carbon-based feed conversion, synthetic crude production and refining of the synthetic crude.

Zielgruppe

Academics and professionals in related fields

Autoren/Hrsg.

de Klerk, Arno

King, David

Fachgebiete

• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Chemische Verfahrenstechnik
• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Biotechnologie Industrielle Biotechnologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface
1. Overview of Feed-to-Liquid (XTL) Conversion
David L. King and Arno de Klerk
Conversion of Biomass and Coal
2. Experimental and Kinetic Investigation of CO2 and H2O/N2 Gasification of Biomass Fuels
Heidi C. Butterman and Marco J. Castaldi
3. Evaluation of Trace Element Partitioning during the Initial Phase of Coal Combustion Using GFAAS
Anna A. Raeva, Evguenii I. Kozliak, David T. Pierce, and Wayne S. Seames
4. The Use of S-XANES To Track Thermal Transformations of Metal Sulfides in Argonne Premium Coals
Trudy B. Bolin
Synthetic Liquids Production
5. On the Preparation of Low Temperature Iron Fischer-Tropsch Catalysts: Strategies That Work and Those That Do Not
P. Julius Pretorius
6. Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: Effect of Pt Promoter on Activity, Selectivities to Hydrocarbons and Oxygenates, and Kinetic Parameters over 15%Co/Al2O3
Wenping Ma, Gary Jacobs, Robert Keogh, Chia H. Yen, Jennifer L. S. Klettlinger, and Burtron H. Davis
7. Evaluation of Promoted Mo Carbide Catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis: Synthesis, Characterisation, and Time-on-Stream Behaviour
Dai-Viet N. Vo and Adesoji A. Adesina
8. Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Investigation in a Gas-Inducing Agitated Reactor Using Electrical Capacitance Tomography
Bawadi Abdullah, Chirag Dave, Cyrus G. Cooper, Tuan Huy Nguyen, and Adesoji A. Adesina
9. Indirect Liquefaction Carbon Efficiency
Arno de Klerk
Synthetic Liquids Refining
10. Effect of Feed Distribution on Hydrocracking of Fischer-Tropsch Wax
Vincenzo Calemma and Chiara Gambaro
11. Hydrocracking Different Fischer-Tropsch Waxes: Model Simulations
Chiara Gambaro and Vincenzo Calemma
12. Hexadecane Hydrotreating as a Surrogate for Fischer-Tropsch Wax Upgrading to Aviation Fuel Using a Co/MoO3/Silica-Alumina Catalyst
Heinz J. Robota, Jeremy Jones, Mingsheng Luo, and Amanda Stewart
13. Experimental Investigation of the Oxidation of Methyl Oleate: One of the Major Biodiesel Fuel Components
Mingming Lu and Ming Chai
Editors' Biographies
Indexes
Author Index
Subject Index

Über Autor(innen)

de Klerk, Arno
Arno de Klerk, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

King, David
David L. King, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, U.S.A.