Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology

2. Auflage 2025
ISBN: 978-0-443-15750-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science Publishing Co Inc

Buch, Englisch, 2500 Seiten, Format (B × H): 216 mm x 276 mm, Gewicht: 450 g

The imprint of evolution permeates the life sciences, from the history of life captured in the fossil record to the inner workings of cells, the dynamics of development, and the structure of the genetic code. This brings into focus a challenge for biologists - how to be adequately conversant in the broad and diverse field of Evolution?Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology offers a solution: a carefully curated collection of chapters covering all key topics in the field, allowing readers to apply evolutionary thinking to their specific areas of interest.

This encyclopedia includes introductory chapters covering fundamental topics, mostly designed for students, and more focused chapters serving more experienced professionals. Each chapter links concepts to specific systems and examples, with a set chapter structure to ensure ease of navigation across the volumes.New or expanded topics in the second edition include human evolution (e.g., cultural evolution, human adaptation, language), paleontology (Eoarchean and the origins of life, mass extinction events, punctuated equilibrium), evolution of behavior (game theory, kin selection, optimality), epigenetics, and metagenomics (human microbiomes, diversification of viruses).This essential resource is sure to engage with a broad and diverse readership across the educational hierarchy, showing the central position occupied by evolutionary biology in the life sciences.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Weitere Mitwirkende

Moraes Russo, Claudia Augusta De

Wolf, Jason

Fachgebiete

• Naturwissenschaften Biowissenschaften Biowissenschaften Evolutionsbiologie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1) Molecular Evolution and Population Genetics (including genomics and other basic topics in evolutionary genetics)�

Adaptive Molecular Evolution: Detection Methods�

Codon Usage and Translational Selection�

Compensatory Evolution�

Divergence and Diversification, Quantitative Genetics of�

Effective Population Size�

Epigenetic Inheritance�

Epigenetics and Genome Evolution�

Evolutionary Genetics, History of�

Gene Interactions in Evolution�

Gene Origin, Sex Chromosomes and�

Genetic Architecture�

Genetic Drift, Models of Random�

Genome Organization, Evolution of�

Genome Plasticity, Bacterial�

Genome Size and Structure, Bacterial�

Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium and Random Mating�

Inbreeding and Nonrandom Mating�

Industrial Melanism, History of�

Inheritance: From Quantitative Genetics to Evolutionary Stable Strategies�

Linkage Disequilibrium: Population Genetics of Multiple Loci�

Maternal Effects�

Mitochondrial and Nuclear Genome Coevolution�

Modularity and Integration�

Molecular Evolution, Functional Synthesis of�

Molecular Evolution, History of�

Molecular Evolution, Models of�

Multivariate Quantitative Genetics�

Mutation and Genome Evolution�

Mutation, Population Genetic Models of�

Neutral Evolution, Population Genetic Tests of�

Neutral Models of Genetic Drift and Mutation�

Noncoding DNA Evolution: Junk DNA Revisited�

Noncoding RNAs, Origin and Evolution of�

Parallel and Convergent Molecular Evolution�

Pest Management, Evolution and�

Plasmid Driven Evolution of Bacteria�

Population Structure and Gene Flow�

Protein Biophysics and Evolution�

Quantitative Genetic Variation�

Quantitative Genetic Variation, Comparing Patterns of�

Quantitative Trait Variation, Molecular Basis of�

Recombination and Molecular Evolution�

Recombination in Bacterial Populations�

RNA Viruses, Evolution of�

Robustness and Evolvability in Molecular Evolution�

Selective Sweeps�

Sensory Systems: Molecular Evolution in Vertebrates�

Sex Chromosome Evolution: Birth, Maturation, Decay, and Rebirth�

Social Effects�

Systems in Evolutionary Systems Biology�

Transposable Elements, Population Genetics of�

2) Evolutionary Ecology (including behavioral ecology, coevolution, and biogeography)�

Age-Specific Survivorship and Fertility, Estimating�

Aging: Why Do We Age?�

Antagonistic Interspecific Coevolution�

Biogeography of Arthropods�

Biogeography of Interactions�

Biogeography of Islands, Lakes, and Mountaintops; Evolutionary�

Biogeography of Vertebrates�

Biogeography, Conservation�

Biogeography, Ecological Theories in�

Biogeography, Evolutionary Theories in�

Biogeography, History of�

Biogeography, Human�

Biogeography, Marine�

Biogeography, Microbial�

Biogeography, Patterns in�

Coevolution, Bacterial-Phage�

Coevolution, Introduction to�

Commensalism, Amensalism, and Synnecrosis�

Conservation Biology, Quantitative Genetics in�

Cooperation and Public Goods, Bacterial�

Dispersal Biogeography�

Ecological Fitting and Novel Species Interactions in Nature�

Endogenous Retroviruses and Coevolution�

Genotype-by-Environment Interaction�

Geographic Mosaic of Coevolution�

Human Life Histories, Evolution and�

Intraspecific Coevolutionary Arms Races�

Invasion Biogeography�

Life Histories, Axes of Variation in�

Life History Evolution in Guppies, Experimental Studies of�

Life History Evolution, Plants�

Life History Patterns�

Life History Theory: Basics�

Life History Trade-offs�

Life History, What is?�

Life History: Age and Stage Structure�

Life History: Pike�

Life-History Evolution in Island Populations of Birds�

Life-History Evolution, Human�

Life-History Evolution, Human Impacts on�

Microbiome�

Mutualism, the Evolutionary Ecology of�

Pathogen Epidemiology�

Predation and Parasitism�

Quaternary Biogeography and Climate Change�

r- and K-Selection in Fluctuating Environments, Theory of�

Responses to Climate Change, Evolution and�

Sociobiology, History of�

Symbiogenesis, History of�

Symbiosis, History of�

Symbiosis, Introduction to�

Vicariance Biogeography�

Water Transport, the Role in Plant Diversification of�

3) Phylogenetics and Speciation�

Ancestral Reconstruction: Theory and Practice�

Angiosperm Phylogeny and Diversification�

Animal: What Is an Animal?�

Bacterial Diversity, Introduction to�

Bacterial Species Concepts�

Bayesian Phylogenetic Methods�

Coalescent and Models of Identity by Descent�

Coevolutionary Fitness Landscapes�

Consensus Methods, Phylogenetic�

Convergent Evolution, Adaptive Radiation, and Species Diversification in Plants�

Cospeciation�

Darwin's Finches, the Galapagos, and Natural Laboratories of Evolution�

Distance-Based Phylogenetic Inference�

Ecological Speciation and Its Consequences�

Evolutionary Medicine II. Use of the Comparative Method and The Animal Model�

Founder Speciation�

Hybrid Speciation�

Maximum Likelihood Phylogenetic Inference�

Parallel Speciation�

Parsimony Methods in Phylogenetics�

Phylogenetic Approach to Studying Developmental Evolution: A Model Clade Approach�

Phylogenetic Comparative Method�

Phylogenetic Invariants�

Phylogenetic Networks�

Phylogenetic Tree�

Phylogenetic Tree Comparison�

Phylogenetic Tree Distances�

Phylogeography�

Plants Pollinator Interactions and Flower Diversification�

Polyploid Speciation�

Protist Diversification�

Reinforcement�

Reproductive Isolation, Postzygotic�

Reproductive Isolation, Prezygotic�

Ring Species�

Rooting Trees, Methods for�

Schools of Classification�

Searching Tree Space, Methods for�

Sequential Speciation�

Speciation Continuum�

Speciation Genes�

Speciation Genomics�

Speciation-with-Gene-Flow�

Speciation, Chromosomal Rearrangements and�

Speciation, Geography of�

Species Concepts and Speciation�

Species Concepts: Viral Quasispecies�

Species Trees, Inference of�

Supertree Methods, Phylogenetic�

Support Measures, Phylogenetic Tree�

4) Microevolution and Adaptation�

Adaptation, History of�

Adaptive Landscapes�

Adaptive Mutation Controversy�

Artificial Selection�

Basic Science and Evolutionary Biology�

Climate Change, Quantitative Genetics and�

Conservation Biology, Evolution and�

Darwin-Wallace Theory of Evolution�

Developmental Plasticity and Phenotypic Evolution�

Directional Selection and Adaptation�

Evolution and Agriculture I. The Evolution of Domestication�

Evolution and Agriculture II. Evolutionary Applications to Breeding�

Evolutionary Biology, History of�

Evolutionary Computation�

Evolutionary Medicine IV. Evolution and Emergence of Novel Pathogens�

Evolvability, Quantitative Genetics of�

Genetic Variation in Populations�

Genetic Variation, Maintenance of�

Hermaphrodites�

Invasive Species, Evolution and�

Life History Evolution: The Role of Mating Systems�

Mate Choice and Sexually Selected Traits�

Mating and Parental Sex Roles, Diversity in�

Mating Systems in A Changing Environment�

Mating Systems in Flowering Plants�

Mating Systems in Plants, Genome Evolution and�

Mating Systems, A Brief History of�

Mating Tactics and Mating Strategies�

Microbial Experimental Evolution�

Natural Selection, Introduction to�

Natural Selection, Measuring�

Operational Sex Ratio�

Philosophy, Evolutionary Biology and�

Polyandry and Female Postcopulatory Choice�

Quantitative Genetics in Natural Populations�

Recombination and Selection�

Security, Evolution and�

Sex and Recombination in Snails�

Sex and Selfish Genetic Elements�

Sex Determination�

Sex, Evolution and Maintenance of�

Sexual Conflict�

Sexual Dimorphism�

Sexual Networks�

Sexual Selection, Theory of�

Shifting Balance Theory, Sewall Wright and�

Speciation, Sexual Conflict and�

Speciation, Sexual Selection and�

Sperm Competition�

Synthetic Theory of Evolution, History of�

Waddington's Epigenetic Landscape, History of�

5) Macroevolution and Paleontology (including origins of life, evolution of development and evolutionary diversification).�

Adaptive Radiations: Insights From Evo-Devo�

Amniotes, Diversification of�

Amniotes, the Origin of�

Archaeplastida: Diversification of Red Algae and the Green Plant Lineage�

Bird Flight Origins�

Birds, Diversification of�

C4 and CAM Photosynthesis in Land Plants, Evolution and Diversification of�

Cambrian Explosion: A Molecular Paleobiological Overview�

Carbon Relations, the Role in Plant Diversification of�

Cellular Behaviors Underlying Pattern Formation and Evolution�

Complexity, the Role of Oxygen in Evolution of�

Developmental Biases on Morphological Evolvability�

Developmental Mechanisms Controlling Cell Fate, Evolution of�

Developmental Paleontology and Paleo-Evo-Devo�

Developmental-Genetic Toolkit for Evolutionary Developmental Biology�

Directed Evolution, History of�

Ecological Evolutionary Developmental Biology�

Endophytic Microbes, Evolution and Diversification of�

Endosymbiotic Theory�

Evo-Devo: Regulatory and Protein-Coding Evolution in Plant Diversification�

Evolutionary Medicine I. An Overview and Applications to Cancer�

Evolutionary Medicine III. Mismatch�

Fungal Evolution: Aquatic�?"Terrestrial Transitions�

Gene Networks Driving Development, Conservation and Evolution of�

Genome Evolutionary Role in Developmental Evolution�

Genotype to Phenotype: Insights from Evo-Devo�

Homo, Diversification of�

Insects and Ecdysozoa, Diversification of�

Land Animals, Origins of�

Land Vertebrates, the Origin and Evolution of�

Lichen-Forming Fungi, Diversification of�

Lophotrochozoa, Diversification of�

Macroevolution, Quantitative Genetics and�

Mammalian Diversification�

Mammals Everywhere�

Mammals, Origin of�

Metazoans, Origins of�

Model Systems: The Key Roles of Traditional and New Models in Evolutionary Developmental Biology�

Modularity and Integration in Evo-Devo�

Mycorrhizal Fungi, Evolution and Diversification of�

Novel Structures in Animals, Developmental Evolution of�

Novel Structures in Plants, Developmental Evolution of�

Origin of Life, RNA World and�

Origins of Life, History of�

Paleobiogeography and Fossils�

Paleobiological Revolution, History of�

Regulatory and Coding Changes in Developmental Evolution, Roles of�

Secondary Metabolites, the Role in Plant Diversification of�

Seedless Land Plants, Evolution and Diversification of�

Unikonts, Evolution and Diversification of (with Emphasis on Fungal-Like Forms)�

Vertebrates, the Origin of�

Über Autor(innen)

Moraes Russo, Claudia Augusta De
Claudia Russo is Professor of Genetics at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ). She has a degree in Ecology and a PhD in Genetics. During her PhD, she worked with Masatoshi Nei at Pennsylvania State University as a visiting scholar. She is currently Head of the Genetics Department at UFRJ. In 2001, she was part of the team that founded the Graduate Program in Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology at UFRJ and served as its Head for four years. Fifteen alumni from her group hold permanent positions as faculty members in Brazil and abroad. Since 2012 she has been on the editorial board of the top journal in the field, Molecular Biology and Evolution, and has now been appointed as the journal's Editor in Chief, making her the first ever non-American to lead the journal. She was a section editor for the first edition of Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology

Wolf, Jason
Jason Wolf is Professor of Evolutionary Genetics at the University of Bath, UK. He received a PhD from the University of Kentucky, and was a postdoctoral researcher at Indiana University and at Washington University. He has held faculty positions at the University of Tennessee and the University of Manchester, and a Fellowship at the Institute for Advanced Study in Berlin. He is currently Associated Editor for Genetics and for Evolution, and is a member of the Genetics Society Committee. He has previously served as Chief Editor for Frontiers in Genetic Architecture. He has edited two books and served as a section editor for the first edition of Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Biology. He is a winner of the Dobzhansky Prize from the Society for the Study of Evolution, a Young Investigator's Prize from the American Society of Naturalists and the Scientific Medal from the Zoological Society of London.?