Air Quality

Revised
ISBN: 978-1-4665-8444-0
Verlag: ROUTLEDGE

Buch, Englisch, 542 Seiten, Format (B × H): 157 mm x 236 mm, Gewicht: 930 g

The fifth edition of a bestseller, Air Quality provides students with a comprehensive overview of air quality, the science that continues to provide a better understanding of atmospheric chemistry and its effects on public health and the environment, and the regulatory and technological management practices employed in achieving air quality goals. Maintaining the practical approach that has made previous editions so popular, the chapters have been reorganized, new material has been added, less relevant material deleted, and new images added, particularly those from Earth satellites.See What’s New in the Fifth Edition:

New graphics, images, and an appended list of unit conversions
New problems and questions
Revisions and updates on the regulatory aspects related to air quality, emissions of pollutants, and particularly in the area of greenhouse gas emissions
Updated information on topics that affect air quality such as global warming, climate change, international issues associated with air quality and its regulation, atmospheric deposition, atmospheric chemistry, and health and environmental effects of atmospheric pollution
Written in Thad Godish’s accessible style, the book clearly elucidates the challenges we face in our fifth decade of significant regulatory efforts to protect and enhance the quality of the nation’s air. It also highlights the growing global awareness of air quality issues, climate change, and public health concerns in the developing world. The breadth of coverage, review questions at the end of each chapter, extensive glossary, and list of readings put the tools for understanding in your students’ hands.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Godish, Thad

Davis, Wayne T.

Fu, Joshua S.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Atmosphere
Chemical Composition
General Composition
Water
Physical Phenomena
Solar Radiation
Terrestrial Thermal Radiation
Energy Balance
Surface Temperatures
Vertical Temperature Gradients

Gravity
Atmospheric Density
Atmospheric Pressure

Atmospheric Motion

Winds

Pressure Gradient Force

Coriolis Effect

Friction

Cyclones and Anticyclones

General Circulation of the Atmosphere

Evolution of the Atmosphere

Readings
Questions

Atmospheric Pollution and Pollutants
Natural Air Pollution
Anthropogenic Air Pollution
Smog
Haze
Nontraditional Air Pollutants
Gases and Particles
Gas-Phase Pollutants
Carbon Oxides
Sulfur Compounds
Nitrogen Compounds

Hydrocarbon Compounds
Photochemical Oxidants
Atmospheric Particles
Classes and Sources

Size

Particle Shape
Chemical Composition
Source Apportionment
Behavior
Concentrations

Long-Range Transport from Sources Outside the United States
References
Readings
Questions

Atmospheric Dispersion, Transport, and Deposition
Dispersion and Transport
Wind
Turbulence
Atmospheric Stability

Inversions
Mixing Height
Topography
Pollutant Dispersion from Point Sources
Large-Scale Transport and Dispersion
Stratosphere–Troposphere Exchange
Stratospheric Circulation
Atmospheric Removal and Deposition Processes
Atmospheric Lifetimes
Deposition Processes
Meteorological Applications: Air Pollution Control
Episode Planning
Air Quality Modeling
Readings
Questions

Atmospheric Effects

Visibility

Natural Visibility Reduction

Visibility Concerns Associated with Human Activities
Factors Affecting Visibility Reduction

Meteorological Effects

Visibility Measurements

Visibility Patterns and Trends

Turbidity

Thermal Air Pollution

Effects on Precipitation and Precipitation Processes

Atmospheric Deposition

Acidic Deposition

Nitrogen Deposition

Mercury Deposition

Deposition of Pesticides, PCBs, Dioxins, and Furans
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Ozone Depletion Concerns
Ozone Layer Dynamics

Role of Nitrogen Oxides
Role of Chlorofluorocarbons and Other Halogenated Hydrocarbons

Antarctic Ozone Hole

Ozone Depletion in the Arctic

Trends

Changes in Surface UV Light Radiation

Ozone Depletion Effects on Human Health

Recovery of the Ozone Layer

Global Warming

Climate and Global Climate

Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming

Radiative Forcing

Greenhouse Gases

Evidence of Climate Change

Linking Climate Change to Anthropogenic Influences
Projections of the Earth’s Future Climate

Global Warming Uncertainties

Environmental Impacts

Stratospheric Gases and Atmospheric Temperature Changes

Reference

Readings

Questions

Health Effects

Air Pollution Episodes

Pollutant Exposures and Cause–Effect Relationships

Epidemiological Studies

Occupational Exposure Studies

Effect of Pollutants on the Human Body

Eye Irritation

Effects on the Cardiovascular System

Effects on the Respiratory System

Health Effects of Regulated Air Pollutants

Carbon Monoxide

Sulfur Oxides

Particulate Matter

Hydrocarbons

Nitrogen Oxides

Ozone

Lead

Hazardous Air Pollutants

Personal Air Pollution

Risk Assessment and Management

Readings

Questions

Welfare Effects
Effects on Agricultural Crops, Ornamental Plants, and Trees

Plant Injury
Economic Losses

Forest Declines

Effects on Domesticated Animals

Fluoride

Lead

Other Toxic Exposures

Ecological Effects

Phytotoxic Pollutants

Atmospheric Deposition

Stratospheric Ozone Depletion

Global Warming
Effects on Materials
Metal Corrosion
Building Materials
Paints
Textiles and Textile Dyes

Paper and Leather

Rubber

Glass
Economic Losses
Odor Pollution
Odor Measurement
Odor Problems
Readings
Questions

Air Quality and Emissions Assessment

Air Quality Monitoring

Monitoring Considerations

Reporting Pollutant Concentrations

Federal Monitoring Requirements

Emissions Assessment
Source Sampling and Monitoring
Opacity
Emission Factors
Air Quality Modeling

Gaussian Models

Model Options
Readings
Online Sources

Questions

Regulation and Public Policy
Nonregulatory Legal Remedies
Nuisance
Trespass
Regulatory Strategies and Tactics
Strategies
Tactics

Federal Legislative History

Clean Air Legislation

Clean Air Act

Motor Vehicle Air Pollution Control Act

Air Quality Act of

Clean Air Act Amendments

Clean Air Act Amendments

Clean Air Act Amendments

Federalization

Air Pollution Control under the 1970, 1977 and 1990 CAA Amendments

Air Quality Standards

Air Quality Criteria

Air Quality Control Regions

State Implementation Plans

Nonattainment of Air Quality Standards
New Source Performance Standards

Prevention of Significant Deterioration
Hazardous and Toxic Air Pollutants
Stratospheric Ozone Depletion
Acidic Deposition
Motor Vehicle Emission Control
Enforcement

Permit Requirements

Citizen Suits

Pollution Prevention

State and Local Air Pollution Control Functions

Boards and Agencies

Effectiveness of State and Local Programs

Public Policy Issues

Global Warming, the Kyoto Protocol, and Greenhouse Gas Emission Standards

Revised Ozone and Particulate Matter NAAQSs

New Source Review

Readings

Questions

Control of Motor Vehicle Emissions

Motor Vehicle Engines

Otto Cycle Spark Ignition Engines

Compression Ignition Engines
Automotive Fuels
Gasolines
Alternative Fuels
Low Emission and Zero-Emission Vehicles
Low Emission Vehicles
Hybrid Electric Vehicles
Electric Vehicles

Readings

Questions

Control of Emissions from Stationary Sources
Control Practices
Tall Stacks
Fuel Use Policies
Fugitive Emissions

Pollution Prevention
Gas Cleaning Technology
System Performance
Particle Collection Efficiency

Gas-Phase Contaminant Collection Efficiency

Control of Particulate-Phase Pollutants
Cyclonic Collectors
Electrostatic Precipitation
Filtration

Control of Gas-Phase Pollutants

Thermal Oxidation

Adsorption

Absorption

Control of Sulfur Oxides

Fluidized Bed Combustion
Biological Treatment
Control of Nitrogen Oxides
Readings
Questions

Indoor Air Quality
Personal, Indoor, and Outdoor Pollutant Relationships
Personal Pollutant Exposures
Indoor and Outdoor Pollutant Concentrations

Indoor Air Quality Concerns

Major Indoor Pollutants

Asbestos

Radon

Combustion By-Products

Aldehydes
Volatile and Semivolatile Organic Compounds

Biological Contaminants

Problem Buildings
Building-Related Illness
Sick Building Syndrome
Field Investigations and Systematic Building Studies

Risk Factors
Investigating Indoor Air Quality Problems

Measurement of Indoor Contaminants
Prevention and Control Measures
Source Management
Contaminant Control
Indoor Air Quality and Public Policy

Readings

Questions

Environmental Noise

Sound and Its Measurement

Sound Energy
Sound Measurement
Sound Exposure Descriptors
A-Weighted Sound Level
A-Weighted Sound Exposure Level
Equivalent Sound Level
Day–Night Sound Level
Loudness
Effects of Environmental Noise Exposure
Hearing Impairment
Speech Communication

Sleep Disturbance
Psychophysiological Effects
Performance
Annoyance and Social Behavior
Nonregulatory and Regulatory Control Approaches
Community Exposure Guidelines
Community Regulatory Efforts
Federal Noise Control Programs

Control Measures
Readings
Questions
Glossary

Index

Über Autor(innen)

Wayne T. Davis is currently the dean of engineering at the University of Tennessee Knoxville (UTK). He served as associate dean for Research and Technology in the college from 2003 to 2008. He is also a professor of Civil and Environmental Engineering. He earned his AB in physics from Pfeiffer University (1969), MS in physics from Clemson (1971), and MS in environmental engineering and PhD in civil engineering from UTK (1973 and 1975, respectively). He has conducted research and teaching in the area of air quality management and pollution control for more than 42 years at UTK, and is the author/coauthor/editor of numerous research publications including the Air Pollution Control Engineering Manual (published by John Wiley Publishers) and the graduate textbook Air Pollution: Its Origin and Control (published by Elsevier). He has been involved in numerous projects funded by the U.S. EPA, DOE, ORNL, NSF, DOT, and various state agencies and industrial companies, particularly as related to the monitoring and control of sulfur dioxide, ozone/precursors, and particulate matter. He is a recipient of the Lyman Ripperton Outstanding Professor Award presented by the International Air and Waste Management Association (AWMA), where he is a fellow member; he also received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Institute of Professional and Environmental Practice (Pittsburgh, PA) in 2007. Dr. Davis served as chair of the Knox County Air Pollution Control Board for more than 22 years and currently serves on the State of Tennessee’s Air Pollution Control Board.Joshua S. Fu is a professor at the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Tennessee Knoxville (UTK). He was a scientific applications analyst and software engineer at Lockheed Martin/EPA before he moved to UTK in 2000. He earned his BS in environmental engineering from National Cheng Kung University (1986), MS in environmental engineering and water resources from UCLA (1994), and PhD in civil engineering from North Carolina State University (2000). The focus of his research work includes air benefit and attainment assessment, emission estimations, development of emission control strategies, ozone and particulate matter modeling, international air quality modeling assessment, and global climate change effects of air quality. He has taught courses in the area of air quality management and pollution control at UTK, and is the author of numerous research publications and serves as a journal editor for the Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association. One of his publications on air quality has been recognized by Elsevier as one of the most cited articles in Atmospheric Environment during 2007 to 2012. He has been a principal investigator and coinvestigator for numerous projects funded by the U.S. EPA, DOE, ORNL, NASA, CDC, DOT, USDA, various state agencies, and industrial companies. He has received numerous research awards from the Chancellor, College of Engineering, and his department at UTK and ORNL. He is also actively involved in the UN ECE Task Force Hemispheric Transport of Air Pollution and Model Intercomparison Study in Asia. Dr. Fu also serves on the Knox County Air Pollution Control Board in Tennessee.