Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility

2013
ISBN: 978-3-642-28035-1
Verlag: Springer

Buch, Englisch, 2772 Seiten, HC runder Rücken kaschiert, Format (B × H): 183 mm x 260 mm, Gewicht: 6322 g

The role of Corporate Social Responsibility in the business world has developed from a fig leaf marketing front into an important aspect of corporate behavior over the past several years. Sustainable strategies are valued, desired and deployed more and more by relevant players in many industries all over the world. Both research and corporate practice therefore see CSR as a guiding principle for business success.
The “Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility” has been conceived to assist researchers and practitioners to align business and societal objectives. All actors in the field will find reliable and up to date definitions and explanations of the key terms of CSR in this authoritative and comprehensive reference work. Leading experts from the global CSR community have contributed to make the “Encyclopedia of Corporate Social Responsibility” the definitive resource for this field of research and practice.

Zielgruppe

Graduate

Autoren/Hrsg.

Idowu, Samuel O

Das Gupta, Ananda

Capaldi, Nicholas

Zu, Liangrong

Fachgebiete

• Wirtschaftswissenschaften Betriebswirtschaft Unternehmensorganisation, Corporate Responsibility

Inhaltsverzeichnis

AA1000.- Academy of Business in Society (EABIS) ACCA.- Accountability.- AccountAbility.- Acid Rain.- Acidification.- Adam Smith - The Theory of Moral Sentiments and The Wealth of Nations.- Advertisment.- Affirmative Action.- African Peer Review Mechanism (APRM).- Ageism.- Agency and Corporate Governance.- Agency Theory.- Agenda21 (UN).- Agglomeration.- Alcohol.- Altruistic CSR.- An Aristotelian Approach to Sustainable Management.- Anglo-American model v. Continental Europe model.- Animal rights.- Animal rights, Human rights Environmental Management.- Animal testing.- Anti-globalization.- Apprenticeship.- Asbestos.- Association.- Association for Sustainable & Responsible.- Investment in Asia.- Assurance.- Auditors Duties.- Australian Standards on Business Governance.- Authority v. Bureaucracy.- Balanced Scorecard.- Banks on CSR Reporting.- Base of the Pyramid.- Basel Declaration on the Control of ….Hazardous Wastes.- Bellagio Principles 1996.- Biodiversity.- Biogeography.- Biomass and Bioenergy.- Biomimicry.- Black Economic Empowerment Policies (South Africa).- Blue Ocean Strategy and CSR.- Board Evaluation.- Board of Directors.- Body Shop.- Bonus (incentive system).- Bonuses (employee for performance). Bonuses and the recent Global Financial Crisis.- Bowen, Howard.- Bribery and Corruption.- Broadband Stakeholder Group.- Broadcasters and Creative Industry Diability Network.- Brown Certificate.- Brundtland Report.- BS8900 British sustainable development guidelines.- Buddhist Ethics and CSR.- Business and the Arts.- Business case.- Business case for CSR.- Business Ethics, Japaness approach.- Business for Social Responsibility.- Business in the Community (UK+derivatives).- Business judgement rule.- Business Model Innovation.- Business Performance.- Business Strategy.- Cadbury Report (UK) and CSR.- Canadian Business for Corporate Social Responsibility.- Cap and Trade/Emissions Trading Scheme.- Carbon.- Carbon Capture.- Carbon Disclosure Project.- Carbon emissions.- Carbon footprint.- Carbon Offsets.- Carbon offsetting.- Carbon Pool and Renewable Energy.- Carbon trading.- Carpooling.- Carroll, A.B.- Cause Related Marketing.- Caux Round Table Principles.- Centre for Corporate Governance (Nairobi).- CERES.- CH2 Building, Melbourne.- Chapman Report (2006) (Australia).- Cheating.- Chief Executive Officer.- Chief Sustainability Officer.- Christianity and CSR.- Christine Parker.- Civil Regulation.- Climate Change.- Clinton Global Initiative.- Club of Rome.- Co-determination.- Co-operation.- Co-ownership.- Coalation of Environmentally.- Responsible Economies.- Code of 'best practice' and norms of behavior.- Colin Scott.- Collaborative Advantage.- Collective bargaining/trade unions.- Combined Assurance.- Combined Code (June 2008).- Command and Control.- Commonwealth Association of CG.- Communicating with Stakeholders.- Communities of Practice.- Community.- Community activism.- Community of practice.- Community outrage.- Community relations.- Company Directorsand CSR.- Competition.- Competitive advantage.- Compliance/Legal Compliance.- Compliant Finance.- Comply-or-explain.- Comprehensive Environmental Responses, Compensation and Liability Act.- Confucian Ethics.- Consumer Driven Corporate Responsibility.- Consumerism Consumers' protection.- Core Principles of CSR Approaches Corporate.- Corporate Activism.- Corporate Citizenship.- Corporate codes of conduct.- Corporate giving.- Corporate Governance.- Corporate Governance as a Tool for Alleviating.- Developmental Issues.- Corporate Governance Reporting.- Corporate killing.- Corporate manslaughter.- Corporate Mission, Vision and Values.- Corporate moral agency.- Corporate negligence.- Corporate outrage.- Corporate Political Connection.- Corporate Reputation.- Corporate Responsibility Index.- Corporate Responsibiliy Maturity.- Corporate Secretaries.- Corporate Social Entrepreneurship.- Corporate Social innovation.- Corporate Social.- Irresponsibility.- Corporate Social Marketing.- CorporateSocial Opportunity.- Corporate Social Performance.- Corporate Social Performance Measurement.- Corporate social responsibility.- Corporate Social Responsibility Report.- Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy.- Corporate social responsiveness (Carroll, Frederick and Ackerman).- Corporate Strategy.- Corporate Sustainability.- Corporation as Psychopath.- Corporatism.- Corruption and National Development.- Cost-benefit analysis.- Cradle to cradle.- Cradle to grave.- Critical reflection in corporate management.- Critiques of Corporate Social Responsibility.- Cross-cultural attitudes to CSR.- CSR and Africa.- CSR and Catholic Social Teaching.- CSR and Corruption.- CSR and Poverty.- CSR and Spirituality.- CSR Butterfly effect.- CSR Communication.- CSR Continuum - core business to broader goals.- CSR Europe.- CSR Evolutionary Journey - CSR Journey, CSR Organisational Evolutions.- CSR Frameworks.- CSR Innovation.- CSR Lifecycle.- CSR Measurement.- CSR: Australian Standard AS8003 [world first].- CSRwire.- Cultural differences in values/ethics and decision-making.- Culture and Organization Performance.- Cultures, businesses, and global CSR.- Customer value creation.- Dame Anita Roddick.- Data protection.- David Henderson.- Decent work.- Definitions of social responsibility.- Deming 14 points model.- Demographic change.- Design for Environment (sep entry Hannover Principles).- Development.- Dialogue.- Director Competencies and Skills.- Director Interlocks.- Director Role Position Description.- Disability.- Disclosure (CSR reporting).- Discrimination.- Distributive Justice.- Diversity.- Dividend.- Dow Jones Sustainability Index.- Downsizing.- Due Diligence.- Duties of employees (comlpy with contract, comply with law, respect employers property).- E-Waste.- Earth Summitt (separate entry on Rio declaration and on Agenda 21).- Earthscan (publisher).- EC Non-Discrimination Law.- Eco-Efficiency.- Eco-innovation.- Ecolabel.- Ecological economics.- Ecological footprint.- Ecology (separate entries on human and industrial).- Econology.- Economic Globalization.- Economic sociology.- Economic Sociology of the CSR Movement.- Ecopreneurship.- Ecosystem.- Ecotoxity.- Education.- Elkington, John.- Embedded CSR.- Emissions trading.- Employability.- Employee participation/'ownership.- Employee Surveillance.- Employee volunteer programmes.- Employers' Forum on Age.- Employers' Forum on Disability.- EMS.- Endemic.- Energy Biofuels.- Energy—renewable.- Energy-solar.- Engagement/Stakeholder Engagement.- Enlightened Self-Interest.- Enron.- Environmental Accounting.- Environmental Audit.- Environmental ethics.- Environmental governance.- Environmental impact assessment.- Environmental law.- Environmental Management System.- Environmental protection agencies (all countries).- Environmental Report Verification.- Environmental sustainability index (World economic forum).- Environmental, Social and Governance Factors in Investment.- Environmental, Social and Governance Risk.- Environmentally Sensitive Accounting.- Equal Opportunity.- Equal Pay.- Equator Principles.- Ethic of responsibility to other stakeholders.- Ethical absolutism v. ethical relativism.- Ethical Corporation.- Ethical CSR.- Ethical Egoism & CSR.- Ethical problems in financial markets.- Ethical Theories.- Ethical Trading Initiative.- European Corporate Governance Institute.- European Multistakeholder Forum.- European Union Directive - The 8th Company Law Directive on Disclosure & Transparency.- European Urban Charter 1992 and 1998.- Evolution of Corporate Governance Reports in the UK and Ireland.- Executive remuneration and CSR.- Externalities.- Externally Driven Business Case (EDBC).- Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI).- Exxon Mobil.- Exxon Valdez.- Factor 4 / Factor 10.- Fair Pensions.- Fair Trade.- Fair wages.- Family Business and Corporate Social Responsibility.- Fiduciary duty.- Filial Piety & CSR.- Financial Regulations.- Financial Reporting Council (UK).- Five Capitals Framework (Forum for the Future).- Forest Stewardship Council.- Fortune at the bottom of the pyramid (Prahalad).- Franchising Fraud prevention, detection and auditing.- Free range/cage-free/crate free/ethically raised.- Freedom of conscience.- Freedom of speech.- Friedman, Milton.- FTSE4Good Index.- G20.-Gambling.- GE (General Electric).- Gender Balance.- Gender-specific Contributions to Social Responsibility.- Gender/Gender Free.- Genetically modified organisms (GMOs).- German Corporate Governance Code (6/6/2008).- Giving voice to values.- Global 100.- Global Competitiveness.- Global Corporate Governance Forum.- Global Director Development Circle.- Global Environmental Management Initiative.- Global Financial Crisis.- Global Financial Markets.- Global Governance and CSR.- Global Memorandum of Understanding.- Global Reporting Initiative.- Global Village.- Global Warming.- Globalization.- Globalization of Culture.- Globethics.net.- Glocal.- Good Corporation.- Government (role in regulation, etc).- Grameen Bank.- Green Globe Certification.- Green jobs.- Green Workplace.- Greenbury Report (UK).- Greenhouse gases.- Greenleaf (publisher).- Greenpeace (NGO).- Greenwashing.- Hampel Report (UK) and CSR.- Hannover Principles.- Health and drug testing (as part of right to privacy).- Health and Safety.- Healthcare/benefits.- Higgs Report (UK) and CSR.- Hinduism and CSR.- Holistic Governance.- Home-based telecommuting/teleworking.- Hostile takeover.- Human ecology.- Human resource management.- Human rights.- Human Rights Compliance Assessment Tool.- Human rights, Non-Discrimination.- ICC Charter for Sustainable Development.- IFC Policy on Social and Environmental Sustainability.- Implementation.- Inclusive Business.- Inclusive Markets.- Inclusive/selective/compliant finance/banking.- Individualism, Psychological egoism and CSR.- Industrial democracy.- Industrial Ecology.- Industrial-neutral metric.- Information and consultation.- Insider trading.- Insourcing.- Institute Of Business Ethics.- Institute of Directors (UK).- Institutes of Directors and CSR.- Institutional investors.- Integrated management systems.- Integrated quality and environmental management.- Integrated Reporting.- Integrative Social Contracts Theory.- Intergarated.- Pollution Control.- Intergenerational equity.- Intergenerational Justice.- Internal Auditing's Contribution to CSR.- Internal Control and Accountability.- International Accounting Standards Board.- International Association of Business & Society (IABS).- International Business Leaders Forum.- International Corporate Governance Network.- Involvement in Controversial Business.- Irresponsibility.- Islamic Ethics and CSR.- ISO 14000 standards series.- ISO 14001.- ISO 26000.- Johannesberg Declaration (2002).- Jorgensen model.- Kaizen.- Keidanren.- Keizai Doyukai.- Kimberly Process Certification Scheme.- King II Report on Corporate Governance and CSR.- King III Report (expected 2009?) and CSR.- Knowledge management.- Kyoto protocol.- Landfill.- Lean Thinking (Waste Mangengement issues on Employees).- Legitimacy.- Theory.- License to operate.- Life Cycle Analysis.- Lobbying.- Locally grown/locally raised.- Locally Grown/Locally Raised.- Locusts.- LOHAS.- London Benchmarking Group (LBG).- Management.- Managing change for sustainability.- Mandatory CSR.- Market Based Instruments.- Market failure and the environment.- Market for Corporate Control and CSR.- Market-based mechanisms of regulation.- Marketing (ethics of).- Marketing Communications and CSR.- Materiality.- Media CSR Forum.- Media Reporting of CSR.- Memorandum-objects clause.- Mergers and Acquisitions.- Meta-Regulation Approach to CSR.- Micro-Disclosure.- Micro-ethics.- Micro-finance credit guarantee schemes.- Microfinance.- Migrant workers.- Migration (human).- Millenium Development Goals (2000).- Millenium Development Goals (MDGs).- Millenium Seed Bank.- Mineral Act (Republic of South Africa, 1991).- Minimum wage.- Minority shareholders and CSR.- Mission Statements (Credo, Way, Vision).- Mitigation.- Mohammed Yunus.- Money laundering.- Monitoring.- Moral Reasonong/Ethical Decision Making.- Motives of CSR.- Multilateral Investment Fund.- National Association of Corporate Directors (USA).- Natural Capitalism (sep entries ecoefficienty, biomimicry, product-services).- Natural Edge Project.- Natural Environment.- Natural Step (Karl-Robert Henrik).- Net Impact.- Network.- New Governance and CSR.- New Partnership for Africa's Development (NEPAD).- New Zealand Resource Management Act 1991.- NGOs and CSR.- Nicholas Capaldi.- Non Executive Directors (NEDs).- Normative versus instrumental Corporate Responsibility.- Nutrition Information (fast food companies providing).- Occupational Ethics Codes.- Occupational health.- Occupational Health and Safety Administration.- OECD Guidelines fo Mes.- OECD Guidlines fo MNEs.- OECD Principles of Corporate Governance and CSR.- One tier Board.- Open Source Solutions and CSR.- Opportunity Now.- Organic.- Outrage(Peter Sandman's work).- Outsourcing.- Ozonelayer.- Pan-African Consultative Forum on CG.- Participation.- Partnership.- Partnership with unequal stakeholders.- PDCA.- Pension.- Philanthropic CSR.- Philanthropy.- Planned Obsolescence.- Political Contributions.- Pollution (separate entries on carbon, e-waste, ecoefficiency).- Porter and Kramer's (2006) 'Shared Value'.- Post industrial society.- Postmodernism.- Poverty.- Pre-qualification processes (clients demanding of potential suppliers).- Precarious Work: Agenda And Implications For CSR.- Precautionary principle.- Presenteeism.- Primary Stakeholders.- Principles for Responsible Investment.- Principles of Responsible Investment.- Private equity.- Private finance intiative.- Private, Social and Environmental Reporting.- Privatisation.- Product Life Cycle.- Product RED.- Product-Service Systems.- Professional Ethics.- Profit Maximization.- Property Development and CSR.- Property Management and CSR.- Property Valuation and CSR.- Public Private Partnerships.- Public Private Collaborations.- Pyramid of CSR.- Rainforest Action Network.- Rainforest Alliance.- Rainforest Foundation.- Real Estate Agency and CSR.- Recycling.- Reflexive Law.- Region.- Relationship-based systems.- Remanufacturing.- Renewable Energy.- Reporting Frameworks.- Reporting Sustainable Development.- Reputation.-Reputation/Reputation Management.- Reputational capital.- Research Methods.- Resource Based Perspectives and CSR.- Responsibility concepts.- Responsible Care (chemical industry's sector wide initiative).- Responsible competitiveness.- Responsible Consumption.- Responsible Entrepreneur Achievement Programme (REAP) {the UNIDO CSR Program me}.- Responsible Leadership.- Responsible Leadership Systems.- Responsible Workplace.- Restructuring.- Review of the Combine Code 2009.- Rhineland business model/Rhineland leadership.- Right to Privacy.- Right to work.- Rights of employees.- Rio Declaration on Environment and Development (UN).- Risk Adjusted Executive Compensation.- Risk Appetite Risk management and CSR.- Risk Management as benefit.- Risk Management, Environmental.- Risk-social (also article on risk management).- Royal Dutch Shell.- SA8000 & Ethical Trade Initiative.- SAM Sustainability Indices.- Sanpoyoshi.- Sarbanes-Oxley and non-financial disclosure.- SD 21000.- Secondary Stakeholders.- Servant Leader/Servant Leadership.- Sexual harassment.- Shareholder Access to Proxy.- Shareholder democracy.- Shareholder resolutions and CSR.- Shareholder rights.- Shareholder Theory.- Shareholder value creation.- SIGMA Management Framework.- Slowtourism.- Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Engagement in CSR.- Social Accountability SA8000.- Social Accounting.- Social and Environmental Reporting Asurrance.- Social Auditing.- Social benchmarking.- Social capital.- Social Chapter.- Social clauses.- Social Contract.- Social convoy.- Social dialogue.- Social dumping.- Social Entrepreneurship.- Social equity.- Social innovation.- Social Licence.- Social Marketing.- Social partnership.- Social responsibility Research Network (SRRNet).- Social security.- Social Sustainability.- Social wage.- Socially Responsible Enterprise Restructioning.- Socially Responsible Investment.- Socially Responsible Management (SRM).- Soft law.- Speciation.- Spiritual Capital.- Sponsorship.- Stakeholder Accountability.- Stakeholder Engagement.- Stakeholder Engagement Disclosures.- Stakeholder relationship.- Stakeholder Theory.- Stakeholder thinking.- Stakeholders.- Stewardship theory.- Stockholm Convention (2001).- Strategic CSR.- Strategic marketing & CSR.- Strategic Risk.- Sullivan Principles of CSR.- Supply Chain Management.- Sustainability (World Commission on Environment and Development definition).- Sustainability and Sustainable Development.- Sustainability Assessment Models.- Sustainability Committee (Board Committee).- Sustainability Ratings.- Sustainability Reporting Guidelines.- Sustainability risk management.- Sustainability-oriented Innovation.- Sustainable Business: A new Paradigm.- Sustainable Consumption.- Sustainable Development in NGOs.- Sustainable Development in SMEs.- Sustainable Energy Management and CSR.- Sustainable enterprise development.- Sustainable Marketing.- Sustainable Primary Energy Production.- Sustainable production and consumption.- Sustainable Tourism.- Sustainopreneurship (with thorough link to Ecopreneurship).- SustanAbility.- Sweatshops.- Systems Auditing.- S²AVE (Shareholder and Social Added Value with Environment restoration).- Tallories Declaration.- Taoism and CSR.- Tax.- Tax - attitudes to tax - why we pay.- Tax - economic functions of tax.- Tax avoidance.- Tax evasion.- Tax planning.- Technology Transfer.- Temporary natives.- The G8.- The Prince's Accounting for Sustainability.- The view on the ground: CSR from a cababilities approach.- Theory of Corporate Governance Emergence.- Tobacco.- Tobin Tax.- Tomorrow's Global Company.- Tourism Aporia.- TQM.- Traceability.- Trade union recognition.- Transaction cost economics.- Transfats.- Transgression.- Transparency.- Transparency International.- Triple Bottom Line.- Trust.- Trust and CSR.- Trustees and climate change.- Two tier Board.- Tyson Report.- UN Global Compact.- Unethical products.- United Nations Conference on Environmental Development.- United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development.- United Nations Development Program.- United Nations Environment Program (UNEP).- United Nations Global Compact.- United Nations Global Initiatives.- United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.- United Nations Intergovernmental Working Group of Experts on International Standards of Accounting and Reporting.- United Nations Universal Declaration of Human Rights.- Unknown stakeholder.- Utilitarianism & CSR.- Vertical versus Horizontal Development for CSR.- Virtue Ethics and CSR.- Virtue Ethics and the Environment.- Volunteer, Activist, Elected Representative.- Wal-Mart.- Wal-Mart Stores, Inc.- Walkers Review of Corporate Governance.- Waste Management.- Waste valorization.- Water.- Water Problems due to Global Warming.- Whistleblowing.- White Certificates.- Work-life balance.- Working time.- Workplace health promotion.- Works council.- World Bank (sep article on IFC Polocy Social Env Sustainability).- World Business Council for Sustainable Development.- World Economic Forum (Davos).- Zen and CSR.

Über Autor(innen)

Samuel O. Idowu

is a Senior Lecturer in Accounting and Course Leader for Accounting Major/Minor and Accounting Joint degrees at London Metropolitan University in the United Kingdom. He is a fellow member of the Institute of Chartered Secretaries & Administrators, a fellow of the Royal Society of Arts, Manufactures and Commerce, a Liveryman of the Worshipful Company of Chartered Secretaries & Administrators and a named freeman of the City of London. Samuel has been in academia for 22 years, winning one of the Highly Commended Emerald Literati Network Awards for Excellence in 2008 and has published some thirty-five articles in both professional and academic journals and contributed chapters in edited books. Samuel has examined and marked examination papers for three major international professional bodies in the UK. He is currently an External Examiner at the University of Sunderland, University of Ulster, Coleraine and Belfast and Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford and Cambridge. He is the Treasurer and a Trustee of Age Concern, Hackney in East London and is on the Editorial Advisory Board of the Management of Environmental Quality Journal. He has attended and presented papers at national and international workshops and conferences. He is a co-editor of two Springer books on Corporate Social Responsibility.

Nicholas Capaldi

is Legendre-Soulé Distinguished Chair in Business Ethics at Loyola University, New Orleans. He also serves as Director of the National Center for Business Ethics. He taught previously at: the University of Tulsa where he was McFarlin Research Professor of Law; Columbia University; Queens College, City University of New York; The United States Military Academy at West Point, and the National University of Singapore. Professor Capaldi received his B.A. from the University of Pennsylvania and his Ph.D. from Columbia University. His principal research and teaching interest is inpublic policy and its intersection with political science, philosophy, law, religion, and economics. He is the author of 7 books, over 80 articles, and editor of six anthologies. He is a member of the editorial board of six journals and has served most recently as editor of Public Affairs Quarterly. Professor Capaldi is the recipient of grants from the National Endowment for the Humanities, The Mellon Foundation, The U.S. Department of Education, The Board of Regents of Louisiana, and the John Templeton Foundation among others. He is an internationally recognized scholar and a domestic public policy specialist on such issues as higher education, bio-ethics, business ethics, affirmative action, and immigration. Professor Capaldi’s recent publications include articles on corporate social responsibility, the ethics of free market societies, and an intellectual biography of John Stuart Mill in connection with which he was recently interviewed on C-SPAN’s Booknotes.

Ananda Das Gupta

has been engaged in teaching and research for more than eighteen years. Currently he is Head (HRD-Area) and Chairperson-PGDM-ABPM. His core areas of teaching and research include Organizational Development, Strategic Human Resources Management, Corporate Social Responsibility and Business Ethics at Indian Institute of Plantation Management, Bangalore - a national level sectoral management school set up at the initiative of Ministry of Commerce, Government of India. He has a Masters Degree in Commerce with specialization in Personnel Management and obtained his doctorate as a UGC-research Fellow. Ananda is a Life Fellow of the Indian Academy of Social Sciences and a Member of the Indian Society of Labour Economics. He is a Doctoral Supervisor for many Indian Universities including the prestigious BITS-Pilani. He has edited Special Issues of the following Journals: India of International Journal of Social Economics - an Emerald Journal and is currentlya Guest Editor for Social Responsibility Journal, also an Emerald Journal. Ananda Das Gupta's books include the following: Human Values in Management, Ashgate Publishing limited, England, 2004. Ethics in Business, Rawat Publications, Jaipur/New Delhi, 2005, Corporate Citizenship: Perspectives in the New Century, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, United Kingdom

Liangrong Zu

is a senior specialist in corporate social responsibility, business ethics, corporate restructuring and sustainable development. He has been working for the United Nations and central government for about 20 years. Currently he is a senior trainer of enterprise development, teaching and doing research at the “International Training Centre” of the “International Labour Organization” (ILO). He holds a master degree in economics of education, and obtained his PhD in business and management at “Nottingham University Business School”, specializing in corporate social responsibility, corporate governanceand enterprise restructuring. He is the author of “Corporate Social Responsibility, Corporate Restructuring and Firm’s Performance: Empirical Evidence from China” published by Springer. He has also authored many articles published in national and international journals.