An Introduction to Epidemiology for Health Professionals

2010
ISBN: 978-1-4419-1496-5
Verlag: Springer

Buch, Englisch, Band 1, 163 Seiten, Format (B × H): 167 mm x 244 mm, Gewicht: 408 g

Reihe: Springer Series on Epidemiology and Public Health

“Whatareimportantprognosticfactors?”Answerstosuchquestionsprovidethe basisforbetterpreventionandtreatmentofdiseases. Many people contributed to the writing of this book: medical students in Denmark,studentsofepidemiologyattheIEAEEPEsummercourseinFlorence, Italy,andstudentsofpublichealthinLosAngeles. Withouttechnicalassistance v vi Preface fromGitteNielsen,JenadeShelley,NinaHoheandPamMasangkaythebookwould neverhavematerialized. LosAngeles,California JørnOlsen Odense,Denmark KaareChristensen IowaCity,Iowa JeffMurray Stockholm,Sweden AndersEkbom Contents Part I Descriptive Epidemiology 1 Measures of Disease Occurrence. 3 IncidenceandPrevalence. 4 Incidence. 6 RatesandDynamicPopulations. 7 CalculatingObservationTime. 9 Prevalence,Incidence,Duration. 10 MortalityandLifeExpectancy. 11 LifeExpectancy. 12 References. 13 2 Estimates of Associations. 15 3 Age Standardization. 19 4 Causes of Diseases. 23 References. 28 5 Descriptive Epidemiology in Public Health. 29 GraphicalModelsofCausalLinks. 33 References. 35 6 Descriptive Epidemiology in Genetic Epidemiology. 37 OccurrenceDatainGeneticEpidemiology. 37 ClusteringofTraitsandDiseasesinFamilies. 38 TheOccurrenceofGeneticDiseases. 40 References. 41 7 Descriptive Epidemiology in Clinical Epidemiology. 43 SuddenInfantDeathSyndrome(SIDS). 44 CytologicalScreeningforCervixCancer. 45 ChangesinTreatmentofJuvenileDiabetes. 46 References. 47 vii viii Contents Part II Analytical Epidemiology 8 Design Options. 51 CommonDesignsUsedtoEstimateAssociations. 51 EcologicalStudy. 52 Case–ControlStudy. 54 CohortStudy. 55 ExperimentalStudy. 56 Reference. 57 9 Follow-Up Studies. 59 TheNon-experimentalFollow-Up(Cohort)Study. 59 StudyingRiskasaFunctionofBMI. 60 LongitudinalExposureData. 62 DifferentTypesofCohortorFollow-UpStudies. 63 10 Case–Control Studies. 67 Case–CohortSampling. 69 DensitySamplingofControls. 69 Case–Non-caseStudy. 71 PatientControls. 72 SecondaryIdenti cationoftheSourcePopulation. 74 Case–ControlStudiesUsingPrevalentCases. 74 WhentoDoaCase–ControlStudy?. 77 References. 78 11 The Cross-Sectional Study. 79 12 The Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT). 81 Reference.

Zielgruppe

Professional/practitioner

Autoren/Hrsg.

Olsen, Jørn

Christensen, Kaare

Murray, Jeff

Ekbom, Anders

Fachgebiete

• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizin, Gesundheitswesen Epidemiologie, Medizinische Statistik
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizin, Gesundheitswesen Evidenzbasierte Medizin (EbM)
• Medizin | Veterinärmedizin Medizin | Public Health | Pharmazie | Zahnmedizin Medizin, Gesundheitswesen Public Health, Gesundheitsmanagement, Gesundheitsökonomie, Gesundheitspolitik

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Descriptive Epidemiology.- Measures of Disease Occurrence.- Estimates of Associations.- Age Standardization.- Causes of Diseases.- Descriptive Epidemiology in Public Health.- Descriptive Epidemiology in Genetic Epidemiology.- Descriptive Epidemiology in Clinical Epidemiology.- Analytical Epidemiology.- Design Options.- Follow-Up Studies.- Case–Control Studies.- The Cross-Sectional Study.- The Randomized Controlled Trial (RCT).- Analytical Epidemiology in Public Health.- Analytical Epidemiology in Genetic Epidemiology.- Analytical Epidemiology in Clinical Epidemiology.- Sources of Error.- Confounding and Bias.- Confounding.- Information Bias.- Selection Bias.- Making Inference and Making Decisions.- Sources of Error in Public Health Epidemiology.- Sources of Error in Genetic Epidemiology.- Sources of Error in Clinical Epidemiology.- Statistics in Epidemiology.- P Values.- Calculating Confidence Intervals.- Erratum to: An Introduction to Epidemiology for Health Professionals.- Erratum to: An Introduction to Epidemiology for Health Professionals.

Über Autor(innen)

Jørn Olsen is Professor and Chair of the Department of Epidemiology at the UCLA School of Public Health.