Buch, Englisch, 432 Seiten, Format (B × H): 191 mm x 235 mm, Gewicht: 798 g
Basic Reasoning Skills for the Twenty-First Century
Buch, Englisch, 432 Seiten, Format (B × H): 191 mm x 235 mm, Gewicht: 798 g
ISBN: 978-0-19-515505-1
Verlag: Oxford University Press
Essential Logic offers:
BL Readability. A dialogue-like yet challenging style makes this introductory logic textbook engaging and interesting.
BL Essentials. Deductive and inductive reasoning, formal and informal logic are placed within a philosophical perspective.
BL Rigor. A careful sequence of learning steps communicates the essential skills of reasoning and directs students to write, support, and argue by connecting criticism to key concepts.
BL Relevance. Explanations and examples take students' lives into consideration and are designed for students with diverse backgrounds and a wide range of experiences.
BL A Theme. Traditional concepts are integrated with a discussion of modern technological issues and the world view of modern science. A unique chapter on Logic and Hope addresses questions students often ask and suggests a global perspective.
BL Controversy. Students are encouraged to defend and critique positions--including those presented by the author. A unique final chapter on Fuzzy Logic is framed as a debate between Western and Eastern philosophy.
BL Exercises. Students gain confidence in recognizing arguments, structuring them into premises and conclusions, identifying and critiquing informal fallacies, while learning to create, follow, and appreciate symbolic reasoning trails.
BL Coverage. Chapters cover Argument Recognition and Language Analysis, Inductive Reasoning, Structuring Informal Fallacies, Symbolic Translation, Truth Tables, Formal Proofs of Validity, Quantification, and the basics of Fuzzy Set Theory and Propositional Logic.
Autoren/Hrsg.
Weitere Infos & Material
- Preface
- Introduction
- Chapter 1 - Why Study Logic
- Logic as a Defensive Tool
- Deductive Reasoning
- Valid, Invalid, and Sound Arguments
- Logic and Belief Testing
- Key Terminology
- Concept Summary
- Exercises
- Chapter 2 - Arguments and Language
- Recognizing Arguments
- Other Uses of Language
- Meaning and Clarification
- What is Truth?
- Key Terminology
- Concept Summary
- Exercises
- Chapter 3 - Inductive Reasoning and Reasonable Beliefs
- Deduction and Induction
- Induction and Reliable Beliefs
- Induction: A Case Study
- Logic and Creativity
- Key Terminology
- Concept Summary
- Exercises
- Chapter 4 - Informal Fallacies I
- Introduction
- The Value of Abstraction
- Fallacies of Relevance
- Appeal to Popularity
- Appeal to Authority
- Traditional Wisdom
- Provincialism
- Appeal to Loyalty
- Two Wrongs Make a Right
- Ad Hominem Abusive and Circumstantial
- Irrelevant Reason
- Key Terminology
- Concept Summary
- Exercises
- Chapter 5 - Informal Fallacies II
- Introduction
- Fallacies of Questionable Premise
- Slippery Slope
- Questionable Dilemma
- Straw Person
- Fallacies of Weak Induction
- Hasty Conclusion
- Questionable Cause
- Appeal to Ignorance
- Fallacies of Presumption
- Begging the Question
- Complex Question
- Ambiguity-Equivocation
- Questionable Analogy
- Suppressed Evidence
- Key Terminology
- Concept Summary
- Exercises
- Chapter 6 - Logic and Hope
- Exercises
- Chapter 7 - Symbolic Translation
- Introduction
- Logical Connectives
- Usage Dictionary of Logical Connectives
- Exercise I
- Exercise II
- Complex Translations, the Use of Parentheses, and Arguments
- Exercise III
- Exercise IV
- Exercise V
- Chapter 8 - Bit Brains Logical Connectives, and Truth Tables
- Introduction
- Symbolic Pictures of Logical Connectives: And, Or, and Not
- Exercise I
- Logical Connectives Continued: If. then. and If and only if
- Exercise II
- Short Cuts and Human Learning
- Truth Tables, Validity, and Logical Pictures
- Exercise III
- Exercise IV
- Argument Forms and Variables
- Exercise V
- Brief Truth Tables
- Exercise VI
- Chapter 9 - Symbolic Trails and Formal Proofs of Validity
- Introduction
- Constructing Formal Proofs of Validity
- Step 1: Recognizing Forms: Copi's "Nine" Rules of Inference
- Step 1 Exercises
- Strategies for Pattern Recognition
- Step 2: Justifying Reasoning Trails with the Rules of Inference
- Step 2 Exercises
- Step 3: On Your Own, Constructing Formal Proofs with the Rules of Inference
- Step 3 Exercises
- Translations and Formal Proofs
- Chapter 10 - Symbolic Trails and Formal Proofs of Validity, Part 2
- Introduction
- Application Practice
- The Nineteen Rules
- Step 4: Rules of Replacement Exercises
- Commonsense Origins
- Strategies for Pattern Recognition Revisited
- Step 5 Exercises
- Subroutines
- Direction, Strategies, and Working Backward
- Step 6 Exercises
- Brief Truth Tables Revisited and Decision Strategies
- Translation and Formal Proof Exercises
- Holiday Adventures
- Clarification Exercises
- Chapter 11 - Other Logical Tools: Syllogisms and Quantification
- Introduction
- Syllogisms and Quantification Logic
- Usage Dictionary
- Dictionary Elaboration
- Exercise I
- Proving Validity in Quantification Logic
- The Square of Opposition and Change of Quantifier Rules
- Exercise II
- Exercise III
- Exercise IV
- Exercise V
- Exercise VI
- Exercise VII
- Final Note
- Chapter 12 - Frontiers of Logic--Fuzzy Logic: Can Aristotle and Buddha Get Along?
- Introduction
- Bivalent Logic and Paradoxes
- Fuzzy Interpretations and Degrees of Truth
- Fuzzy Conditionals and Fuzzy Validity
- Resolution of Paradoxes and Implications
- Philosophy: What about reality?
- Exercise I
- Exercises II-IV
- Exercises V
