Heavy Metal Remediation

1. Auflage 2026
ISBN: 978-1-394-40488-9
Verlag: Wiley

Buch, Englisch, 352 Seiten

Seamlessly bridging fundamental science, engineering, and policy, this essential guide equips researchers, engineers, and policymakers with the cutting-edge, sustainable remediation strategies needed to combat critical heavy metal contamination in our air, water, and soil.

Industrial growth has increased, and with it, heavy metal contamination risks that cause serious environmental degradation and health problems. This book investigates modern solutions to reduce heavy metal contamination found throughout the environment. It examines the sources of heavy metals and their environmental effects while exploring the mechanisms of pollution in soil, water, and air and their devastating influences on humans and the ecosystem. Presenting scientific knowledge about heavy metals, the book examines their physical and chemical qualities, their availability to organisms, and their reactions within biological systems and earth structures. It connects the fundamental concept of environmental science with principles of chemistry and engineering to deliver foundational knowledge of traditional and modern remediation technologies. Emphasizing sustainability, the book underscores the necessity for remediation solutions that are both effective and compatible with environmental and economic standards. The book connects scientific research with technological progress and policy execution to provide essential knowledge for researchers, engineers, environmentalists, and policymakers looking for solutions for sustainable remediation development.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Rath, Prangya

Bhardwaj, Laxmi Kant

Kumar, Amit

Fachgebiete

• Technische Wissenschaften Maschinenbau | Werkstoffkunde Technische Mechanik | Werkstoffkunde Materialwissenschaft: Metallische Werkstoffe
• Naturwissenschaften Chemie Anorganische Chemie
• Geowissenschaften Umweltwissenschaften Umweltverschmutzung, Umweltkriminalität, Umweltrecht
• Technische Wissenschaften Verfahrenstechnik | Chemieingenieurwesen | Biotechnologie Metallurgie

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Preface xvii

1 Overview of Heavy Metals 1
Shisak Sharma, Imotila T. Longchar, Raplang Steven Umdor and Dipak Sinha

1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Heavy Metal (HM) Pollution 3
1.3 Heavy Metals (HMs) in Soil, Water, and Air 6
1.4 Mechanism of Heavy Metals (HMs) Toxicity 7
1.5 Effects of Heavy Metals (HMs) on Plants 8
1.6 Effects of Heavy Metals (HMs) on Human Health 10
1.7 Remediation and Management Strategies 12
1.8 Recommendations 16
1.9 Conclusion and Future Prospects 16

2 Tracing the Silent Threat: Unraveling Heavy Metal Contamination Pathways and Impacts across Environmental Matrices 25
Qudrat Ullah, Laxmi Kant Bhardwaj, Waqas Haider and Tassaneem Yuttasa-Ard

2.1 Introduction to Heavy Metal (HM) Contamination 26
2.2 Sources of Heavy Metals (HMs) in Water, Soil, and Air 27
2.3 Pathways of Heavy Metal (HM) Distribution across Environmental Matrices 29
2.4 Impacts on Ecosystems: Soil Fertility, Aquatic Life, and Air Quality 32
2.5 Human Health Effects: Bioaccumulation and Toxicity Risks 33
2.6 Case Studies: Shazand Plain, Iran, and Nile Tilapia in Egypt 36
2.7 The Need for Targeted Remediation Strategies 38
2.8 Recommendations 382.9 Conclusion 39

3 Assessment and Monitoring Techniques for Heavy Metal Detection 45
Souravi Bardhan and Dipak Kr. Chanda

3.1 Introduction 46
3.2 Sources and Ecological Impacts of Heavy Metals (HMs) 47
3.3 Sampling and Pre-Treatment Procedures 52
3.4 Analytical Methods 54
3.5 Nanotechnology (NT) and Biosensing-Based Methods 64
3.6 Remote Sensing and Spectroscopic Monitoring 67
3.7 Limitations and Challenges in Detection 71
3.8 Future Prospects and Conclusion 75

4 Remediation Technologies: Science and Innovation 83
Prabhat Kumar Patel and Ramagopal V.S. Uppaluri

4.1 Introduction 84
4.2 Research Gaps 86
4.3 Comparative Efficacy of Chitosan-Derived Sorbents in Wastewater Treatment 88
4.4 Challenges and Prospects 89
4.5 Recommendations 101
4.6 Conclusion 101

5 Chelation Strategies for Remediation of Heavy Metals from Municipal Solid Waste Compost: A Sustainable Approach 109
Vivek Raj, Santosh Kumar Karn, Ashish Kumar, Laxmi Kant Bhardwaj, Arti Chamoli, Arun Kumar, Abhinav Chauhan and Arun Lal Srivastav

5.1 Introduction 110
5.2 About Heavy Metal (HM) Contamination in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Compost 111
5.3 Environmental and Agricultural Needs 112
5.4 Current Status of Heavy Metal (HM) Remediation in Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Compost 114
5.5 Major Parameters Influencing Efficiency of Chelation-Based Remediation 120
5.6 Proposed Future Research and Directions 123
5.7 Recommendations 125
5.8 Conclusion 125

6 Sustainable Approaches to Heavy Metals Remediation 133
Prangya Rath, Laxmi Kant Bhardwaj and Amit Kumar

6.1 Introduction 134
6.2 Conventional Approaches to Heavy Metal (HM) Remediation 136
6.3 Sustainable and Green Approaches to Heavy Metal (HM) Remediation 138
6.4 Socioeconomic and Policy Dimensions of Sustainable Remediation 155
6.5 Challenges, Gaps, and Future Perspectives 156
6.6 Recommendations 157
6.7 Conclusion 157

7 Rhizobacteria Can Act as a Sustainable Asset to Mitigate Heavy Metal and Organic Pollution Stress and Induce Plant Growth 171
Sakshi Tomar, Induja Mishra, Pashupati Nath, Bhupendra Singh and Prabhat K. Chauhan

7.1 Introduction 172
7.2 The Brutal Impact of Heavy Metal (HM) and Emerging Contaminant (EC) on Crop Production 173
7.3 Mechanisms and Functions of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) 174
7.4 Future Remarks 187
7.5 Recommendations 187
7.6 Conclusion 188

8 Socioeconomic and Policy Considerations 195
Samarendra Singh, Saloni Guleria, Aditya Raj, Gautam Singh and Navjot Kaur Sandhu

8.1 Introduction 196
8.2 Socioeconomic Impacts of Heavy Metal (HM) Contamination 197
8.3 Environmental Justice in Heavy Metal (HM) Remediation 199
8.4 Policy and Regulatory Frameworks 201
8.5 Governance and Institutional Arrangements 203
8.6 Public Participation in Remediation Efforts 204
8.7 Economic Valuation Methods 208
8.8 Challenges and Opportunities in Policy and Practice 209
8.9 Recommendations 210
8.10 Conclusion 211

9 The Effects of Heavy Metals from Dumpsite Leachate on Water Resources, Human Health Risks, and Management Strategies in Developing Countries 215
Demamu Tagele Haligamo, Tamru Tesseme Aragaw and Esayas Alemayehu

9.1 Introduction 216
9.2 Review of Literature 229
9.3 Public Health Risks of Groundwater Near Landfills 229
9.4 Challenges and Obstacles to Waste Disposal in Developing Countries 232
9.5 Technologies for Heavy Metal (HM) Removal from Landfill Leachate 233
9.6 Case Studies from Two Different Countries 235
9.7 Recommendations 236
9.8 Conclusion 236

10 Breaking Barriers, Seizing Solutions: Navigating Challenges and Opportunities in Heavy Metal Remediation 243
Qudrat Ullah, Laxmi Kant Bhardwaj, Waqas Haider and Muhammad Waqar

10.1 Introduction to Heavy Metal (HM) Contamination and Remediation Challenges 244
10.2 Challenges in Removal of Heavy Metals (HMs) from Soil, Water, and Air 246
10.3 Techniques for Estimation of Heavy Metal (HM) Contamination 246
10.4 Techniques for Removal of Heavy Metal (HM) Contamination 248
10.5 Bodies Involved in Heavy Metal (HM) Remediation and Their Challenges 251
10.6 Opportunities for Overcoming Remediation Challenges 252
10.7 Recommendations 255
10.8 Conclusion: Bridging Challenges with Sustainable Innovations 255

11 Charting the Horizon: Future Innovations and Global Strategies for Heavy Metal Remediation 263
Qudrat Ullah, Laxmi Kant Bhardwaj, Waqas Haider and Tassaneem Yuttasa-ard

11.1 Introduction 264
11.2 Future Environmental Impacts of Heavy Metal (HM) Contamination 265
11.3 Future Effects on Human Health 266
11.4 Emerging Technologies for Heavy Metal (HM) Removal 270
11.5 Policies and Regulations for Sustainable Remediation 272
11.6 The Role of Global Collaboration in Future Remediation 274
11.7 Recommendations 274
11.8 Conclusion: A Roadmap for Sustainable Heavy Metal (HM) Remediation 275

12 Innovating with Nature and Nanotech: Multidisciplinary Case Investigations into Sustainable Heavy Metal Remediation Techniques 285
R. Venkatesh, K. Subramani and Laxmi Kant Bhardwaj

12.1 Introduction to Sustainable Heavy Metal (HM) Remediation 286
12.2 Case Study 1: Nano-Enhanced Phytoremediation in Industrial Soil 290
12.3 Case Study 2: Biosynthesized Nanoparticles (NPs) for River Sediment Clean-Up 294
12.4 Case Study 3: Biochar-Nanocomposite Filters in Urban Water Systems 298
12.5 Cross-Case Synthesis and Lessons Learned 302
12.6 Future Directions and Recommendations 305
12.7 Conclusion: Toward Scalable, Nature-Inspired Nanotech Solutions 305

List of Abbreviations 306
References 307
Index 311

Über Autor(innen)

Prangya Rath, PhD is a Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Senior Research Fellow and NET-qualified researcher interested in the fields of life sciences and environmental sciences with more than five years of experience. She has more than 60 publications to her credit, including two edited books, and many book chapters and research articles. Her work focuses on biotechnology and environmental sciences.

Laxmi Kant Bhardwaj, PhD is part of the Scientific Staff at the Amity Institute of Environmental Toxicology, Safety and Management (AIETSM), Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India. He has published several research articles and book chapters in reputed journals and books. His research interests include the estimation of pollutants such as persistent organic pollutants (POPs), microplastics, heavy metals, and phthalates in wastewater, water, and soils.

Amit Kumar, PhD is a Council of Scientific and Industrial Research Senior Research Fellow at the National Botanical Research Institute. He has published 36 research papers, as well as many book chapters and magazine articles. His work focuses on various aspects of metal and metalloid phytoremediation, and biochemical and molecular approaches with a special emphasis on reducing heavy metal accumulation.