Feedstock Recycling and Pyrolysis of Waste Plastics

Converting Waste Plastics Into Diesel and Other Fuels
1. Auflage 2006
ISBN: 978-0-470-02152-1
Verlag: Wiley

Buch, Englisch, 816 Seiten, Format (B × H): 179 mm x 253 mm, Gewicht: 1723 g

Pyrolysis is a recycling technique converting plastic waste into fuels, monomers, or other valuable materials by thermal and catalytic cracking processes. It allows the treatment of mixed, unwashed plastic wastes. For many years research has been carried out on thermally converting waste plastics into useful hydrocarbons liquids such as crude oil and diesel fuel. Recently the technology has matured to the point where commercial plants are now available. Pyrolysis recycling of mixed waste plastics into generator and transportation fuels is seen as the answer for recovering value from unwashed, mixed plastics and achieving their desired diversion from landfill.

This book provides an overview of the science and technology of pyrolysis of waste plastics. It describes the types of plastics that are suitable for pyrolysis recycling, the mechanism of pyrolytic degradation of various plastics, characterization of the pyrolysis products and details of commercially mature pyrolysis technologies. This book also covers co-pyrolysis technology, including: waste plastic/waste oil, waste plastics/coal, and waste plastics/rubber.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Scheirs, John

Kaminsky, Walter

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Contributors xix
Series Preface xxiii
Preface xxv
About the Editors xxix

I INTRODUCTION 1

1 Introduction to Feedstock Recycling of Plastics 3
A. Buekens

II CATALYTIC CRACKING 43

2 Acid-Catalyzed Cracking of Polyolefins: Primary Reaction Mechanisms 45
Robert L. White

3 Catalytic Upgrading of Plastic Wastes 73
J. Aguado, D. P. Serrano and J. M. Escola

4 Thermal and Catalytic Conversion of Polyolefins 111
Jerzy Walendziewski

5 Thermal and Catalytic Degradation of Waste HDPE 129
Kyong-Hwan Lee

6 Development of a Process for the Continuous Conversion of Waste Plastics Mixtures to Fuel 161
Takao Masuda and Teruoki Tago

7 Catalytic Degradation of Plastic Waste to Fuel over Microporous Materials 193
George Manos

8 Liquefaction of Municipal Waste Plastics over Acidic and Nonacidic Catalysts 209
Jale Yanik and Tamer Karayildirim

9 Kinetic Model of the Chemical and Catalytic Recycling of Waste Polyethylene into Fuels 225
Norbert Miskolczi

III QUALITY OF FUELS 249

10 Production of Gaseous and Liquid Fuels by Pyrolysis and Gasification of Plastics: Technological Approach 251
C. Gisele Jung and Andre Fontana

11 Yield and Composition of Gases and Oils/Waxes from the Feedstock Recycling of Waste Plastic 285
Paul T. Williams

12 Composition of Liquid Fuels Derived from the Pyrolysis of Plastics 315
Marianne Blazso

13 Production of Premium Oil Products from Waste Plastic by Pyrolysis and Hydroprocessing 345
S.J. Miller, N. Shah and G.P. Huffman

14 The Conversion of Waste Plastics/Petroleum Residue Mixtures to Transportation Fuels 363
Mohammad Farhat Ali and Mohammad Nahid Siddiqui

IV REACTOR TYPES 381

15 Overview of Commercial Pyrolysis Processes for Waste Plastics 383
John Scheirs

16 Fluidized Bed Pyrolysis of Plastic Wastes 435
Umberto Arena and Maria Laura Mastellone

17 The Hamburg Fluidized-bed Pyrolysis Process to Recycle Polymer Wastes and Tires 475
Walter Kaminsky

18 Liquefaction of PVC Mixed Plastics 493
Thallada Bhaskar and Yusaku Sakata

19 Liquid Fuel from Plastic Wastes Using Extrusion–Rotary Kiln Reactors 531
Sam Behzadi and Mohammed Farid

20 Rotary Kiln Pyrolysis of Polymers Containing Heteroatoms 549
Andreas Hornung and Helmut Seifert

21 Microwave Pyrolysis of Plastic Wastes 569
C. Ludlow-Palafox and H.A. Chase

22 Continuous Thermal Process for Cracking Polyolefin Wastes to Produce Hydrocarbons 595
Jean Dispons

23 Waste Plastic Pyrolysis in Free-Fall Reactors 605
Ali Y. Bilges¨u, M. ¸ Cetin Ko¸cak, and Ali Karaduman

V MONOMER RECOVERY 625

24 Monomer Recovery of Plastic Waste in a Fluidized Bed Process 627
Walter Kaminsky

25 Feedstock Recycling of PET 641
Toshiaki Yoshioka and Guido Grause

VI ASIAN DEVELOPMENTS 663

26 The Liquefaction of Plastic Containers and Packaging in Japan 665
A. Okuwaki, T. Yoshioka, M. Asai, H. Tachibana, K. Wakai, K. Tada

27 Process and Equipment for Conversions of Waste Plastics into Fuels 709
Alka Zadgaonkar

28 Converting Waste Plastics into Liquid Fuel by Pyrolysis: Developments in China 729
Yuan Xingzhong

References 750
Index 757

Über Autor(innen)

John Scheirs is a polymer research specialist with broad interests in polystyrenes and styrenic copolymers. He is the principal consultant with ExcelPlas, a polymer consulting company. John was born in 1965 in Melbourne and studies applied chemistry at the University of Melbourne. He has worked on projects concerning the fracture, stress cracking, processing, characterization and recycling of styrenic polymers. John has authored over 50 scientific papers, including 8 encyclopedia chapters, and a number of books on polymer analysis and polymer recycling.

Professor Walter Kaminsky studied chemistry at the University of Hamburg. Since 1979 he has been a full professor for technical and macromolecular chemistry at the University of Hamburg. He supervises a group of 20 students and scientists in the field of metallocene/MAO catalysis and a group in the field of recycling of plastics and scrap tires by pyrolysis. He was President of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker (GDCh), Hamburg section, Dean of the faculty of chemistry at the University of Hamburg, Director of the Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, and is a member of the GDCh, DECHEMA, Naturforscher und Ärzte, Verein deutscher Ingenieure, and American Chemical Society. He has published more than 200 papers/books and holds 20 patents. He has organized several international symposia in the field of olefin polymerization and pyrolysis of polymer wastes. He is advisor for authorities and companies in the fields of metallocene catalysts, polymerization of olefins, and recycling of plastics and environmental protection.