Ideology and Criminal Law

Fascist, National Socialist and Authoritarian Regimes
Erscheinungsjahr 2021
ISBN: 978-1-5099-4672-3
Verlag: Hart Publishing

Buch, Englisch, 400 Seiten, Paperback, Format (B × H): 170 mm x 244 mm, Gewicht: 660 g

With populist, nationalist and repressive governments on the rise around the world, questioning the impact of politics on the nature and role of law and the state is a pressing concern. If we are to understand the effects of extreme ideologies on the state's legal dimensions and powers - especially the power to punish and to determine the boundaries of permissible conduct through criminal law - it is essential to consider the lessons of history. This timely collection explores how political ideas and beliefs influenced the nature, content and application of criminal law and justice under Fascism, National Socialism, and other authoritarian regimes in the twentieth century. Bringing together expert legal historians from four continents, the collection's 16 chapters examine aspects of criminal law and related jurisprudential and criminological questions in the context of Fascist Italy, Nazi Germany, Nazi-occupied Norway, apartheid South Africa, Francoist Spain, and the authoritarian regimes of Brazil, Romania and Japan. Based on original archival, doctrinal and theoretical research, the collection offers new critical perspectives on issues of systemic identity, self-perception and the foundational role of criminal law; processes of state repression and the activities of criminal courts and lawyers; and ideological aspects of, and tensions in, substantive criminal law.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Skinner, Stephen

Fachgebiete

• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Politische Systeme Totalitarismus & Diktaturen
• Rechtswissenschaften Recht, Rechtswissenschaft Allgemein Rechtsgeschichte, Recht der Antike
• Rechtswissenschaften Strafrecht

Inhaltsverzeichnis

PART I
BELIEFS, FOUNDATIONS AND IDENTITIES
1. 'Also and Above All a Regime of Justice'. Criminal Law and the Aesthetics of Justice Under the Italian Fascist Regime: The Role of Architecture and the Visual Arts

Luigi Lacche
2. Criminal Law in Auschwitz: Positivism, Natural Law and the Career of SS Lawyer Konrad Morgen

David Fraser
3. Nazi Law as Non-law in Academic Discourse

Simon Lavis
4. Nazi Criminal Justice in the Transnational Arena: The 1935 International Penal and Penitentiary Congress in Berlin
Richard F Wetzell
5. Criminology and the Rise of Authoritarian Criminal Law, 1930s-1940s 5
Michele Pifferi
6. Classifying Law as Criminal in Apartheid South Africa

Marika Giles Samson

PART II
COURTS, LAWYERS AND REPRESSION
7. Coercion and Consensus: Using the Law to Change 'the Moral Character of Italians'

Alessandra Bassani and Ambra Cantoni
8. The Judiciary and Political Power Under the Fascist Regime in Italy

Riccardo Cavallo
9. National Socialism and the Law in Norway Under German Occupation, 1940-1945

Hans Petter Graver
10. The Repression of Lawyers After the Spanish Civil War: The Case of Valencia

Pascual Marzal and Aniceto Masferrer
11. Yukitoki Takikawa (1891-1962) and Legal Autonomy in Interwar Japan

Hiromi Sasamoto-Collins

PART III
DEVELOPMENT, EXPRESSION AND TENSIONS
12. Punishing the 'Veterans of Crime': Recidivism in Fascist Italy's Rocco Code of 1930

Paul Garfinkel
13. Anti-democratic Emotions: Crimes of Honour Before and Under the Fascist Regime

Emilia Musumeci
14. Criminal Law and the Use of Force: Ideology and State Power in Fascist Italy and England in the Interwar Period

Stephen Skinner
15. The Restless National Security Acts: The Absence of Crimes Against National Security in the 1940 Brazilian Penal Code

Diego Nunes and Ricardo Sontag
16. The Law of Blood: Totalitarianism, Criminal Law and the Body Politic of Second World War Romania

Cosmin Cercel
Conclusion: Investigating Ideology and Criminal Law in Legal History

Stephen Skinner

Über Autor(innen)

Skinner, Stephen
Stephen Skinner is Associate Professor of Comparative Legal History and Human Rights at the University of Exeter.