Aldinhas Ferreira / Silva Sequeira / Ventura Cognitive Architectures

1. Auflage 2018
ISBN: 978-3-319-97550-4
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 290 Seiten

Reihe: Engineering

This book provides an integrated framework for natural and artificial cognition by highlighting the fundamental role played by the cognitive architecture in the dialectics with the surrounding environment and consequently in the definition of a particular meaningful world.This book is also about embodied and non-embodied artificial systems, cognitive architectures that are human constructs, meant to be able to populate the human world, capable of identifying different life contexts and replicating human patterns of behavior capable of acting according to human values and conventions, systems that perform tasks in a human-like way. By identifying the essential phenomena at the core of all forms of cognition, the book addresses the topic of design of artificial cognitive architectures in the domains of robotics and artificial life. Moving from mere bio-inspired design methodology it aims to open a pathway to semiotically determined design.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Aldinhas Ferreira, Maria Isabel

Silva Sequeira, João

Ventura, Rodrigo

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Editorial;6
1.1;References;13
2;Acknowledgements;14
3;Contents;15
4;Contributors;17
5;Cognitive Architectures: The Dialectics of Agent/Environment;19
5.1;1 Subjective Worlds;19
5.2;2 Umwelt Overlap: The Overlap of Individual Experiences;25
5.3;3 The Observer’s Myth;26
5.4;4 Hybrid Worlds, Hybrid Agents;29
5.5;References;30
6;Complementarity of Seeing and Appearing;31
6.1;1 Introduction;31
6.2;2 The Building Blocks of Animal Colouration;32
6.3;3 The Origin of Colour Patterns;35
6.4;4 Sensory Apparatus;36
6.5;5 Hypotheses of Adaptivity of Signalling by Colouration;38
6.6;6 Arbitrary Coevolution of Colouration and Preference;41
6.7;7 Biological Meaning as an Evolutionary Factor;43
6.8;References;44
7;The Extended Domicile—Culture, Embodied Existence and the Senses;49
7.1;1 Adaptation Through Technology;50
7.2;2 Biology and Aesthetics;51
7.3;3 Interacting with the World;52
7.4;4 The Extended Man;53
7.5;5 The Unity of Space and Self;54
7.6;6 Architecture—Object or Experience?;55
7.7;7 Embodied Experience;56
7.8;References;58
8;What We Need from an Embodied Cognitive Architecture;60
8.1;1 Introduction;61
8.2;2 Flavours of Embodied Cognitive Science;63
8.3;3 Towards an Embodied Cognitive Architecture;64
8.3.1;3.1 What We Need from an Embodied Cognitive Architecture;64
8.3.2;3.2 Represenationalism and Dynamicism;65
8.3.3;3.3 Overview over NEF and SPA;66
8.3.4;3.4 Formalising Symbol Grounding;68
8.3.5;3.5 Determining the Role of the Body;69
8.3.6;3.6 Challenges for a NEF/SPA Approach;70
8.4;4 Final Considerations;72
8.5;References;73
9;The Architect's Dilemmas;75
9.1;1 Introduction;75
9.2;2 The Role of Cognitive Architecture;76
9.3;3 The Dilemma of Fidelity;77
9.4;4 The Dilemma of Embodiment;78
9.5;5 The Dilemma of Autonomy;81
9.6;6 Conclusion;82
9.7;References;84
10;Human Cognition-Inspired Robotic Grasping;87
10.1;1 Postural Synergies in Human Beings;87
10.2;2 Postural Synergies in Robotics;88
10.2.1;2.1 Mapping Human Hand Motion to a Robotic Hand;89
10.2.2;2.2 Hand Synergies Computation;91
10.2.3;2.3 Grasping Control in the Synergies Subspace;92
10.2.4;2.4 Mapping Human Arm Motion to a Robotic Arm;94
10.2.5;2.5 Arm Synergies Computation;95
10.3;3 Combining Synergies with Machine Learning;97
10.4;4 Conclusions;98
10.5;References;99
11;The Synthetic Psychology of the Self;101
11.1;1 Beyond the Turing Test;102
11.2;2 Robotics as Synthetic Psychology;104
11.3;3 Defining and Deconstructing the Self;105
11.4;4 A “Systems” View of Self;107
11.5;5 A Diversity of Selves Across the Life-Span, the Population, and the Animal Kingdom;108
11.6;6 A Minimal Robotic Self?;111
11.7;7 A Biomimetic Cognitive Architecture for the Robot Self;112
11.8;8 Conclusion;116
11.9;References;117
12;Constructive Biology of Emotion Systems: First- and Second-Person Methods for Grounding Adaptation in a Biological and Social World;121
12.1;1 Introduction;122
12.1.1;1.1 The `Person' of an Agent;122
12.1.2;1.2 Constructive Biology;123
12.2;2 A Generalized Phenomenological Perspective;123
12.2.1;2.1 I Feel, Therefore I Am;123
12.2.2;2.2 You Are Like Me, Therefore You Feel;124
12.3;3 Meaning, Observers, and Information;125
12.3.1;3.1 Meaning for Observers and Agents;125
12.4;4 Locus and Channels of Meaning;127
12.5;5 First and Second Person Meaning: `I' and `Thou';128
12.5.1;5.1 The First Person: An Agent's Perspective;128
12.5.2;5.2 The Second Person: `I' and `Thou';128
12.6;6 Grounding in Interaction: Tropism, Taxes, Reinforcers, Drives (from Internal Milieu), Emotions (from External Stimuli);129
12.6.1;6.1 Emotional Grounding;129
12.6.2;6.2 Inside/Outside: Drive/Emotion;130
12.6.3;6.3 First-Person Emotions;134
12.6.4;6.4 Second-Person and Social Emotions;135
12.7;7 Emotion in Adaptive Systems;135
12.8;8 Further Temporal Aspects of Emotion, Behavior, and Narrative;137
12.9;9 Implications for Agents and Artifacts;137
12.9.1;9.1 How Can Emotion Improve Decision Making?;138
12.9.2;9.2 How Is Emotion Useful in Social Behavior?;138
12.9.3;9.3 How Can Emotional and Episodic Memory Be Integrated?;138
12.9.4;9.4 What Could Affective Implementations Teach Us About `Wet', Biological Systems?;139
12.10;10 Summary and Discussion;140
12.11;References;141
13;Modeling Cognition–Emotion Interactions in Symbolic Agent Architectures: Examples of Research and Applied Models;145
13.1;1 Introduction;145
13.1.1;1.1 Research Versus Applied Models;146
13.1.2;1.2 Modeling Effects of Affective States and Traits on Cognition;147
13.1.3;1.3 Different Levels of Modeling Resolution;148
13.2;2 Relevant Emotion Research Background;148
13.3;3 MAMID Modeling Methodology and Architecture;150
13.4;4 Examples of Research Models;153
13.5;5 Summary and Conclusions;157
13.5.1;5.1 Summary;157
13.5.2;5.2 Conclusions;157
13.6;References;158
14;Improving Human Behavior Using POMDPs with Gestures and Speech Recognition;160
14.1;1 Introduction;160
14.2;2 Related Work;161
14.3;3 Background;162
14.4;4 Framework Description;163
14.4.1;4.1 States and Transitions;163
14.4.2;4.2 Observations and Observation Model;165
14.4.3;4.3 Actions;165
14.4.4;4.4 Reward Model;166
14.5;5 Selected Application;166
14.5.1;5.1 Scenario;166
14.5.2;5.2 Decision-Theoretic Model for the Robot Therapist;167
14.6;6 Experiments;170
14.6.1;6.1 Experimental Setup;170
14.6.2;6.2 Experimental Results;171
14.6.3;6.3 Discussion;175
14.7;7 Conclusions and Future Work;176
14.8;References;177
15;An Overview of the Distributed Integrated Cognition Affect and Reflection DIARC Architecture;179
15.1;1 Introduction;179
15.2;2 Theoretical Commitments;180
15.2.1;2.1 Structure and Processing;181
15.2.2;2.2 Memory and Content;181
15.2.3;2.3 Learning;182
15.2.4;2.4 Perception and Motor;182
15.2.5;2.5 Additional Component Commitments;183
15.2.6;2.6 Polylithic Design and Implementation;184
15.3;3 An Overview of Select DIARC Components and Processes;184
15.3.1;3.1 Goals, Actions, and Action Execution;185
15.3.2;3.2 Perception and Cognitive Affordances;187
15.3.3;3.3 Natural Language Dialogues;190
15.4;4 Two Example Configurations of DIARC;196
15.4.1;4.1 Learning Object Parts in One-Shot;196
15.4.2;4.2 Sharing Components Among Multiple Agents;198
15.5;5 Applications;200
15.5.1;5.1 HRI Experiments with DIARC;200
15.5.2;5.2 Cognitive Modeling with DIARC;200
15.6;6 Conclusion;201
15.7;References;202
16;Non-human Intention and Meaning-Making: An Ecological Theory;208
16.1;1 Introduction;208
16.2;2 An Ecological Theory;210
16.3;References;217
17;Implementing Social Smart Environments with a Large Number of Believable Inhabitants in the Context of Globalization;218
17.1;1 Introduction;218
17.2;2 Recent Work;220
17.3;3 Modeling and Implementation of Determinants;221
17.3.1;3.1 Agent-Specific Determinants;222
17.3.2;3.2 Environment-Wide Determinants;226
17.4;4 Prototype;229
17.5;5 Governing Scalability;230
17.6;6 Discussion and Future Work;231
17.7;References;232
18;EcoSim, an Enhanced Artificial Ecosystem: Addressing Deeper Behavioral, Ecological, and Evolutionary Questions;235
18.1;1 Introduction;236
18.2;2 ODD Description of EcoSim;241
18.2.1;2.1 Purpose;242
18.2.2;2.2 Entities, State Variables, and Scales;242
18.2.3;2.3 Process Overview and Scheduling;246
18.2.4;2.4 Design Concepts;247
18.2.5;2.5 Submodels;258
18.2.6;2.6 Ecological and Evolutionary Properties of EcoSim;263
18.2.7;2.7 Divergence of Sister Species;267
18.2.8;2.8 Sensitivity Analysis of EcoSim;268
18.3;3 Case Study: Application of EcoSim to Study Behavior and Evolution Under Conditions of Reduced Primary Production and Reduced Energy Expenditure;272
18.3.1;3.1 Reduced Primary Production;274
18.3.2;3.2 Reduced Energy Expenditure;280
18.4;4 Conclusion;283
18.5;References;284