Andreev Separation of Isotopes of Biogenic Elements in Two-phase Systems

1. Auflage 2006
ISBN: 978-0-08-046809-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 6 - ePub Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 316 Seiten

Separation of Isotopes of Biogenic Elements provides a detailed overview of this area of research covering all aspects from the value of isotope effects to their practical use (equilibrium single-stage isotope effect - kinetics and mass transfer - multiplication of the single-stage isotope separation factor - technological peculiarity of processes) with the purpose of extraction from the natural mixture of the enriched and highly concentrated isotopes. In contrast to traditional books on the theory of isotope separation, the theoretical part of the book describes separation in two-phase processes in counter-flow columns. The experimental part of the book presents systematic analysis of specialists in the field of isotope separation in counter-flow columns. This book will be of interest to scientists, engineers and technical workers engaged in isotope separation processes and isotope application in nuclear physics, medicine, agro-chemistry, biology and other areas. This book may also be used in teaching theory and practical aspects in courses on physical chemistry and Isotope separation of light elements by physicochemical methods.
* summarises current state of isotope research, especially biogenic elements
* covering all aspects from the value of isotope effects to their practical use
* of interest to scientists, engineers and technical workers engaged in isotope separation processes and isotope application

Autoren/Hrsg.

Andreev, Boris Mikhailovich

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Cover;1
2;Copyright page;5
3;Contents;6
4;Preface;10
5;Introduction;12
6;Chapter 1. Theory of Isotope Separation in Counter-Current Columns: General Review;14
6.1;1.1 Separation Factor;14
6.2;1.2 Kinetics of CHEX Reactions and Mass Exchange in Counter-Current Phase Movement;19
6.3;1.3 Stationary State of the Column with Flow Reflux.;25
6.4;1.4 Unsteady State of the Column and Cascades of Columns;36
6.5;1.5 Separation Column Contactors;42
6.6;References;52
7;Chapter 2. Hydrogen Isotope Separation by Rectification;54
7.1;2.1 D2O Production by Water Rectification.;54
7.2;2.2 Heavy Water Production by Ammonia Rectification;58
7.3;2.3 Heavy Water Production by Cryogenic Rectification of Hydrogen;63
7.4;2.4 Isotope Extraction and Concentration of Tritium;68
7.5;References;83
8;Chapter 3. Hydrogen Isotope Separation by Chemical Isotope Exchange Method in Gas–Liquid Systems;86
8.1;3.1 Two-Temperature Method and its Main Features;86
8.2;3.2 Two-Temperature Hydrogen Sulphide Method;106
8.3;3.3 Hydrogen–Ammonia and Hydrogen–Amine Systems;147
8.4;3.4 Water–Hydrogen System;159
8.5;References;181
9;Chapter 4. Isotope Separation in Systems with Gas and Solid Phases;188
9.1;4.1 Isotope Equilibrium;188
9.2;4.2 Kinetics of Isotope Exchange and Mass Transfer in Separation Columns;199
9.3;4.3 Counter-Current Isotope Separation Processes;209
9.4;4.4 Application of the Solid-Phase Systems for the Separation of Tritium-Containing Hydrogen Isotope Systems;219
9.5;References;225
10;Chapter 5. Carbon Isotope Separation;230
10.1;5.1 Carbon Isotope Separation by Rectification;230
10.2;5.2 Cabon Isotope Separation by Chemical Exchange Method;249
10.3;References;257
11;Chapter 6. Nitrogen Isotope Separation;260
11.1;6.1 Nitrogen Isotope Separation by Rectification;260
11.2;6.2 Nitrogen Isotope Separation by Chemical Isotope Exchange;264
11.3;6.3 Comparison of Nitrogen Isotope Separation Techniques;281
11.4;6.4 Large-Scale Production Characteristics.;283
11.5;References;286
12;Chapter 7. Oxygen Isotope Separation;288
12.1;7.1 Oxygen Isotope Separation by Rectification;288
12.2;7.2 Oxygen Isotope Separation by Chemical Exchange Method;304
12.3;References;309
13;Subject Index;312