Angiogenesis: In Vivo Systems, Part B

1. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-0-08-092166-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 464 Seiten, Web PDF

Understanding how angiogenesis 'works' and how to control it will have massive implications on the management, treatments, and ultimately the prevention of many common (and not so common) diseases. Angiogenesis is the growth of new blood vessels and is an important natural process in the body. A healthy body maintains a perfect balance of angiogenesis modulators. In many serious disease states, however, the body loses control over angiogenesis. Diseases that are angiogenesis-dependent result when blood vessels either grow excessively or insufficiently.
* Tried-and-tested techniques written by researchers that developed them, used them, and brought them to fruition
* Provides the 'builder's manual' for essential techniques--a one-stop shop that eliminates needless searching among untested techniques
* Includes step-by-step methods for understanding the cell and molecular basis of wound healing, vascular integrin signaling, mechanical signaling in blood vessels, and vascular proteomics

Autoren/Hrsg.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Methods in Enzymology;4
3;Contributors;12
4;Preface;16
5;Chapter 1: Inflammation, Angiogenesis, and Lymphangiogenesis;44
5.1;1. Introduction;45
5.2;2. Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis in Inflammation;46
5.3;3. Mouse Models of Inflammation;48
5.4;4. Commonly Used Markers of Blood Vessels and of Lymphatic Vessels;51
5.5;5. Measuring the (Lymph)angiogenic Response by Immunofluorescence;53
5.6;6. Quantitating (Lymph)angiogenesis by Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting;55
5.7;7. Measuring Vascular Permeability and Flow;56
5.8;8. Material and Methods;57
5.9;Acknowledgments;63
5.10;References;63
6;Chapter 2: Color-Coded Fluorescent Mouse Models of Cancer Cell Interactions with Blood Vessels and Lymphatics;70
6.1;1. Introduction;71
6.2;2. Mouse Models: Fluorescent Tumors to Image Angiogenesis;72
6.3;3. Color-Coded Tumor-Host Models: GFP Nude Mouse;75
6.4;4. Color-Coded Tumor-Host Models: Nestin-Driven-GFP Nude Mouse;79
6.5;5. Imaging Cancer Cell Trafficking in Lymphatics: Experimental Metastasis Model;80
6.6;6. Imaging Cancer Cell Trafficking in Lymphatics: Spontaneous Metastasis Model;82
6.7;7. Protocol: Production of Fluorescent-Protein-Expressing Cancer Cell Lines;84
6.8;8. Protocol: Imaging of Cancer Cell Interactions with Blood Vessels and Lymphatics;88
6.9;9. Protocol: Imaging Methods for Mice Expressing Fluorescent Proteins;90
6.10;10. Summary and Conclusions;92
6.11;References;93
7;Chapter 3: Bone Marrow-Derived Vascular Progenitors and Proangiogenic Monocytes in Tumors;96
7.1;1. Introduction;97
7.2;2. Methods for the Visualization of BMDCs in Tumors;99
7.3;3. Analysis of Pericyte Progenitors in Tumors;109
7.4;References;122
8;Chapter 4: Screening Phage-Display Peptide Libraries for Vascular Targeted Peptides;126
8.1;1. Introduction;127
8.2;2. Methods;133
8.3;3. Concluding Remarks and Perspective;143
8.4;Acknowledgments;144
8.5;References;144
9;Chapter 5: Avian Embryos: A Model for the Study of Primary Vascular Assembly in Warm-Blooded Animals;150
9.1;1. Introduction;151
9.2;2. Culture Insert Preparation;152
9.3;3. Culture Chamber Preparation;152
9.4;4. Construction of Microscope Incubator;156
9.5;5. Construction of Electroporation Chamber;156
9.6;6. Embryonic Culture Insert/Dish Preparation;158
9.7;7. Cell Labeling;159
9.8;8. Post-Incubation Fixation and Processing;163
9.9;9. Whole-Mount Immunolabeling;164
9.10;10. Plastic Embedding and Sectioning;165
9.11;References;165
10;Chapter 6: Mouse Models to Investigate Anti-Cancer Effects of VEGF Inhibitors;168
10.1;1. Introduction;168
10.2;2. Xenografts;170
10.3;3. Genetic Models;172
10.4;4. Conclusions;177
10.5;References;178
11;Chapter 7: Molecular Imaging of Tumor Vasculature;184
11.1;1. Introduction;185
11.2;2. Structural/Functional Imaging of Tumor Vasculature;186
11.3;3. Molecular Imaging;191
11.4;4. Imaging Integrin avbeta3 in Tumor Vasculature;192
11.5;5. Non-Radionuclide-Based Imaging of VEGFR in Tumor Vasculature;196
11.6;6. Radionuclide-Based Imaging of VEGFR in Tumor Vasculature;199
11.7;7. Experimental Section;204
11.8;8. Summary;210
11.9;Acknowledgments;211
11.10;References;211
12;Chapter 8: Proteomic Mapping of the Vascular Endothelium In Vivo for Vascular Targeting;220
12.1;1. Introduction;221
12.2;2. Proteomics: An Overview;223
12.3;3. Proteomic Methodologies;224
12.4;4. Databases;230
12.5;5. Quantitative Proteomics;231
12.6;6. Application of Proteomics to the Vasculature;235
12.7;7. Summary;241
12.8;8. Protocols;241
12.9;References;245
13;Chapter 9: Development of Coronary Vessels;252
13.1;1. Introduction;253
13.2;2. Microdissection and Explant Culture of the Proepicardium;256
13.3;3. Isolation of Total RNA from Individual PEs for Gene Expression Studies;259
13.4;4. Explant Culture of the Epicardium;260
13.5;5. Analysis of PE and Epicardium In Vivo by Scanning Electron Microscopy;261
13.6;6. Methods to Study Coronary Vessel Development In Vivo;263
13.7;Acknowledgments;268
13.8;References;268
14;Chapter 10: Methods for Evaluating Uteroplacental Angiogenesis and Their Application Using Animal Models;272
14.1;1. Introduction;273
14.2;2. Importance of the Uteroplacental Circulation to Normal Fetal Growth and Development;275
14.3;3. Methods to Evaluate and Quantify Placental Angiogenesis;278
14.4;4. What we have Learned from Studies of Uteroplacental Angiogenesis Using Animal Models;281
14.5;5. Conclusions;292
14.6;Acknowledgments;293
14.7;References;293
15;Chapter 11: Intravital Microscopic Investigation of Leukocyte Interactions with the Blood Vessel Wall;298
15.1;1. Introduction;299
15.2;2. Transillumination Intravital Microscopy;299
15.3;3. Measuring Leukocyte Rolling, Adhesion, and Transmigration;302
15.4;4. Spinning-Disk Confocal and Two-Photon Microscopy;311
15.5;5. Conclusion;317
15.6;References;317
16;Chapter 12: Placental Remodeling of the Uterine Vasculature;324
16.1;1. Introduction;325
16.2;2. Isolation and Culture of Human Cytotrophoblasts;328
16.3;3. Isolation and Culture of First-Trimester, Human Placental Villous Explants;333
16.4;4. Identification of Cytotrophoblast-Modified Blood Vessels in Tissue Sections;334
16.5;5. Cytotrophoblast Migration and Induction of Endothelial Cell Apoptosis During Co-Culture;336
16.6;6. In Vitro Models of CTB Endovascular Invasion Using Explanted Spiral Arterioles;338
16.7;7. In Vivo Models of Human Cytotrophoblast Vascular Remodeling;340
16.8;References;342
17;Chapter 13: An In Vivo Experimental Model for Postnatal Vasculogenesis;346
17.1;1. Introduction;347
17.2;2. Isolation of Blood-Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells;350
17.3;3. Expansion and Characterization of Blood-derived Endothelial Progenitor Cells;359
17.4;4. Growth of Human Smooth Muscle Cells;363
17.5;5. In vivo Vasculogenic Assay;364
17.6;6. Conclusion;368
17.7;Acknowledgments;368
17.8;References;368
18;Chapter 14: Assessment of Arteriogenesis;374
18.1;1. Introduction;375
18.2;2. Anatomical Assessment of Arteriogenesis;376
18.3;3. Microangiography;380
18.4;4. Functional Assessment of Arteriogenesis;382
18.5;5. Laser-Doppler Perfusion Imaging;382
18.6;6. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Tissue Oxymetry;383
18.7;7. Magnetic Resonance Imaging;384
18.8;Acknowledgments;384
18.9;References;385
19;Chapter 15: Methods to Study Myeloid Cell Roles in Angiogenesis;386
19.1;1. Introduction;387
19.2;2. Methods for the Study of Myeloid Cells in Tumor Neovascularization and Growth;390
19.3;3. Conclusions;412
19.4;References;412
20;Author Index;416
21;Subject Index;446
22;Color Plate Section;453