Balmer / Keat Exploring Engineering

An Introduction for Freshmen to Engineering and to the Design Process.
1. Auflage 2006
ISBN: 978-0-08-054718-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 400 Seiten, Web PDF

Winner of the Best New Undergraduate Textbook Award from the Professional and Scholarly Publishing Division of the American Association of Publishers! Exploring Engineering was developed to meet the need for a better way to introduce incoming engineering students to the fundamental concepts at the heart of all engineering disciplines. It was also created to show students in a vivid way the great array of opportunities and possibilities of today's engineering fields-from classical mechanical engineering to bioengineering and mechatronics. This is the first text to introduce nearly all of the major engineering areas, and to do so with a strong interdisciplinary case study approach. This approach better prepares and enables students to draw upon knowledge not only from their own particular field of expertise, but also from related or even distantly related engineering and technical and scientific fields, allowing them to become more versatile within their future employment.
Exploring Engineering is flexible enough to offer a variety of approaches to the introduction of modern engineering for new students, while still providing the most important essentials that hold all engineering disciplines together, particularly the mathematical, quantitative basis of engineering as well as the modern computer tools that make today's engineering design so efficient and accurate.Introduces the fundamental physical, chemical, and material foundations for all engineering work, including motion, force, conservation of energy and matterExplains the workings of simple electrical circuits, computer logic, control and mechatronics, stress/strain diagrams, bioengineering, stoichiometry Offers applications of engineering ethics-using an extended case study metaphor: the modern automobile Provides simple data spreadsheets and other analytical 'tools of the trade' to introduce students to the concepts of theoretical and of empirical engineering Presents the engineering design process using examples and assignments specifically aimed at helping to guide students and instructor through a hands-on design project

Autoren/Hrsg.

Balmer, Robert

Keat, William

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front cover;1
2;Title page;4
3;Copyright page;5
4;Table of contents;6
5;Foreword;12
6;Acknowledgments;18
7;Part 1 Minds-on;20
7.1;1 What Engineers Do;22
7.1.1;Introduction;22
7.1.2;Learning Sections;26
7.1.3;Ethics;28
7.1.4;What Are Professional Ethics?;29
7.1.5;What You Should Expect from This Book;32
7.1.6;Summary;33
7.2;2 Key Elements of Engineering Analysis;34
7.2.1;The Elements of Engineering Analysis;34
7.2.2;The SI Unit System;36
7.2.3;Summary;47
7.2.4;Exercises;47
7.3;3 Solving Problems and Spreadsheet Analyses;52
7.3.1;The Need to Know How to Solve Method;52
7.3.2;Spreadsheet Analysis;56
7.3.3;Graphing in Spreadsheets;66
7.3.4;Summary;68
7.3.5;Exercises;68
7.4;4 Energy: Kinds, Conversion, and Conservation;74
7.4.1;Using Energy;74
7.4.2;Energy Is the Capability to Do Work;76
7.4.3;Kinds of Energy;78
7.4.4;Conversion;84
7.4.5;Conservation of Energy;85
7.4.6;Summary;89
7.4.7;Exercises;90
7.5;5 Chemical Energy of Fuels;94
7.5.1;Energy Conversion;94
7.5.2;Atoms, Molecules, and Chemical Reactions;94
7.5.3;The mol and the kmol;95
7.5.4;Stoichiometry;97
7.5.5;The Air-to-Fuel Ratio;100
7.5.6;The Heating Value of Hydrocarbon Fuels;103
7.5.7;The Heating Value of Fuels: The General Case;104
7.5.8;Summary;107
7.5.9;Exercises;107
7.6;6 The Automotive Drive Train;112
7.6.1;The Otto Cycle;112
7.6.2;Modeling the Power Output of the Otto Cycle;117
7.6.3;Derivation of Otto Cycle Power Output Equation;119
7.6.4;Motion;122
7.6.5;Gearing and Gear Ratios;123
7.6.6;Improving on the Otto Cycle;129
7.6.7;Summary;132
7.6.8;Exercises;133
7.7;7 Electrical Circuits;137
7.7.1;Introduction;137
7.7.2;Electrical Circuits;138
7.7.3;Resistance, Ohm’s Law, and the ‘‘Power Law’’;141
7.7.4;Series and Parallel Circuits;143
7.7.5;Switches;148
7.7.6;Summary;152
7.7.7;Exercises;152
7.8;8 Logic and Computers;157
7.8.1;Introduction;157
7.8.2;Analog Computers;159
7.8.3;From Analog to Digital Computing;159
7.8.4;Binary Logic;160
7.8.5;Truth Tables;164
7.8.6;Binary Arithmetic;166
7.8.7;Binary Codes;169
7.8.8;How Does a Computer Work?;169
7.8.9;Summary;173
7.8.10;Exercises;173
7.9;9 Control Systems Design and Mechatronics;181
7.9.1;Introduction;181
7.9.2;Modeling the Control System as a Block Diagram;183
7.9.3;Translating the Block Diagram into a Mathematical Model;188
7.9.4;Selecting a Control Strategy;193
7.9.5;Implementing the Chosen Strategy in Hardware;199
7.9.6;Drive-by-Wire;200
7.9.7;Summary;203
7.9.8;Exercises;204
7.10;10 Kinematics and Traffic Flow;215
7.10.1;Introduction;215
7.10.2;Distance, Speed, and Acceleration;216
7.10.3;The Speed Versus Time Diagram;218
7.10.4;Applying the Tool to the On-Ramp Problem;221
7.10.5;General Equations of Kinematics;223
7.10.6;The Highway Capacity Diagram;224
7.10.7;Summary;230
7.10.8;Exercises;231
7.11;11 Introduction to Materials Engineering;235
7.11.1;Introduction;235
7.11.2;Strength;237
7.11.3;Defining Materials Requirements;242
7.11.4;Materials Selection;252
7.11.5;Properties of Modern Materials;254
7.11.6;Summary;255
7.11.7;Exercises;255
7.12;12 Introduction to Bioengineering;262
7.12.1;Introduction;262
7.12.2;Biological Implications of Injuries to the Head;263
7.12.3;Why Collisions Can Kill;265
7.12.4;The Fracture Criterion;268
7.12.5;The Stress-Speed-Stopping Distance-Area Criterion;271
7.12.6;Criteria for Predicting Effects of Potential Accidents;273
7.12.7;Summary;276
7.12.8;Exercises;276
7.13;13 Introduction to Chemical Engineering;282
7.13.1;Introduction;282
7.13.2;Oil Refining;283
7.13.3;Oil Refineries;286
7.13.4;Process Engineering;287
7.13.5;Distillation;290
7.13.6;How Refinery Output Can Be Improved;296
7.13.7;Catalytic Conversion;301
7.13.8;Summary;303
7.13.9;Exercises;303
7.14;14 Cars of the Future—What Will They Be Like?;310
7.14.1;The Car Culture;310
7.14.2;Big Changes Ahead: Convergence;312
7.14.3;Automotive Electronics;315
7.14.4;Smart Automobile Safety Systems;316
7.14.5;Smart Tire Systems;316
7.14.6;Smart Exhaust Systems;317
7.14.7;Smart Drive-By-Wire Systems;318
7.14.8;Smart Highway Systems;318
7.14.9;Smart Traffic Systems;319
7.14.10;Smart Advanced Power Systems: Variable Displacement and Variable Valve Engines;319
7.14.11;Fuel Cell Systems;319
7.14.12;Enjoying the Ride—Smart Vehicle Entertainment Systems;321
7.14.13;How Do We Get There?;323
7.14.14;Looking Forward;324
8;Part 2 Hands-on;326
8.1;15 Introduction to Engineering Design;328
8.1.1;The Nature of Engineering Design;328
8.1.2;Hands-on Design Exercise: ‘‘The Tower’’;329
8.1.3;Benefits of a Hands-on Design Project;330
8.1.4;Qualities of a Good Designer;331
8.1.5;The Need for a Systematic Approach;331
8.1.6;The Steps in the Engineering Design Process;332
8.2;16 Two Ground Rules for Design;333
8.2.1;Ground Rule Number 1: Use a Design Notebook;333
8.2.2;Ground Rule Number 2: Team Effectively;334
8.3;17 Clarification of the Task;337
8.3.1;Problem Definition;337
8.3.2;List of Specifications;338
8.3.3;Design Milestone: Clarification of the Task;341
8.4;18 Generation of Alternative Concepts;343
8.4.1;Brainstorming;343
8.4.2;Concept Sketching;344
8.4.3;Hands-on Design Exercise: ‘‘The Tube’’;346
8.4.4;Research-Based Strategies for Promoting Creativity;347
8.4.5;Functional Decomposition for Complex Systems;349
8.4.6;Design Milestone: Generation of Alternatives;353
8.5;19 Evaluation of Alternatives and Selection of a Concept;355
8.5.1;Minimize the Information Content of the Design;355
8.5.2;Maintain the Independence of Functional Requirements;356
8.5.3;Design for Ease of Manufacture;359
8.5.4;Design for Robustness;360
8.5.5;Design for Adjustability;362
8.5.6;Hands-on Design Exercise: ‘‘Waste Ball’’;363
8.5.7;The Decision Matrix;365
8.5.8;Design Milestone: Evaluation of Alternatives;371
8.6;20 Detailed Design;373
8.6.1;Analysis;373
8.6.2;Experiments;376
8.6.3;Models;379
8.6.4;Detailed Drawings;379
8.6.5;Design Milestone: Detailed Design;383
8.7;21 Oral Design Defense;384
8.7.1;Design Milestone: Oral Design Defense;386
8.8;22 Manufacturing and Testing;388
8.8.1;Manufacturing and Testing Strategies;388
8.8.2;Materials;390
8.8.3;Joining Methods;390
8.8.4;Useful Hand Tools;392
8.8.5;Design Milestone: Design for Manufacture Assessment I;399
8.8.6;Design Milestone: Design for Manufacture Assessment II;400
8.9;23 Performance Evaluation;402
8.9.1;Individual Performance Testing;402
8.9.2;The Final Competition;403
8.9.3;Design Milestone: Individual Performance Testing;403
8.10;24 Design Report;405
8.10.1;Organization of the Report;405
8.10.2;Writing Guidelines;406
8.10.3;Design Milestone: Design Report;407
8.11;25 An Example of a Design Competition: "A Bridge Too Far";408
8.11.1;Design Competition Example: ‘‘A Bridge Too Far’’;408
8.11.2;Design Milestone Solutions for ‘‘A Bridge Too Far’’;410
8.11.3;Appendix: Official Rules for the ‘‘A Bridge Too Far’’ Design Competition;418
8.11.3.1;Objective;418
8.11.3.2;Official Rules;418
8.11.3.3;Scoring;419
8.11.3.4;Other Rules;420
8.12;26 Closing Remarks on the Important Role of Design Projects;421
9;Index;424