Baram / Shinnar Febrile Seizures

1. Auflage 2001
ISBN: 978-0-08-053162-5
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 337 Seiten, Web PDF

Febrile Seizures is written by the most active researchers and clinicians in epilepsy research today. This book presents the latest developments in this field as well as the current state of knowledge in the following: New imaging tools and emerging data, visualizing effects of febrile seizures on the brain; New genetic methodologies; The use of animal models to permit scientific analysis of the electrophysiology and molecular biology of the seizure. - First book on febrile seizures in over 20 years! - Broad spectrum of approaches, from genetic and epidemiological to bench research using animal models and in vitro single-cell patch-clamp methods - Comprehensive update of the topic, written by world leaders in the field - Novel and newly discovered information based on up-to the minute methods - Engaging style, accessible to the clinician, researcher, and educated parent

Autoren/Hrsg.

Baram, Tallie Z.

Shinnar, Shlomo

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Febrile Seizures;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Contents;6
5;Contributors;18
6;Preface;22
7;Acknowledgments;24
8;PART I: Epidemiology of Febrile Seizures;26
8.1;Chapter 1. The Incidence and Prevalence of Febrile Seizures;26
8.1.1;I. Introduction;26
8.1.2;II. What Is a Febrile Seizure? ;27
8.1.3;III. Determining Febrile Seizure Incidence and Prevalence ;32
8.1.4;IV. How Common Are Febrile Seizures?;40
8.1.5;V. Why Do We Need Epidemiological Data?;45
8.1.6;References;46
8.2;Chapter 2. Antecedents and Risk Factors for Febrile Seizures;52
8.2.1;I. Introduction;52
8.2.2;II. Summary of Key Studies ;54
8.2.3;III. Synthesis ;59
8.2.4;IV. How Do We Make This Information Useful?;60
8.2.5;References;60
8.3;Chapter 3. Recurrent Febrile Seizures;62
8.3.1;I. Introduction;62
8.3.2;II. Risk of a Recurrent Febrile Seizure ;63
8.3.3;III. Factors That Predict a First Recurrence ;65
8.3.4;IV. Complex Features;71
8.3.5;V. The Role of Treatment in Reducing Risk;72
8.3.6;VI. Summary;73
8.3.7;References;74
9;PART II: Population Studies on the Outcome of Febrile Seizures;78
9.1;Chapter 4. Cognitive Outcome of Febrile Seizures;78
9.1.1;I. Introduction;78
9.1.2;II. Animal Studies ;79
9.1.3;III. Human Studies ;79
9.1.4;IV. Prolonged or Complex Febrile Seizures;82
9.1.5;V. Behavioral Outcomes;83
9.1.6;VI. Behavioral and Cognitive Side Effects Associated with Antiepileptic Drugs;84
9.1.7;VII. Conclusion;84
9.1.8;References;85
9.2;Chapter 5. Febrile Seizures and the Risk for Epilepsy;88
9.2.1;I. Introduction;88
9.2.2;II. Risk for Unprovoked Seizures Following a First Febrile Seizure ;90
9.2.3;Ill. Risk Factors for Unprovoked Seizures among Children with Febrile Seizures;91
9.2.4;IV. Febrile Seizures in Cohorts with Epilepsy;97
9.2.5;V. Do Antiepileptic Drugs Prevent Unprovoked Seizures Following Febrile Seizures?;99
9.2.6;VI. Conclusions;99
9.2.7;References;99
9.3;Chapter 6. Do Febrile Seizures Promote Temporal Lobe Epilepsy? Retrospective Studies;102
9.3.1;I. Studies;103
9.3.2;II. Conclusions ;107
9.3.3;References;108
9.4;Chapter 7. Do Febrile Seizures Lead to Temporal Lobe Epilepsy? Prospective and Epidemiological Studies;112
9.4.1;I. Introduction;113
9.4.2;II. Prospective Epidemiological Studies of Febrile Seizures ;113
9.4.3;III. Prospective Randomized Therapeutic Trials of Febrile Seizures;114
9.4.4;IV. Prospective Studies of Febrile Status Epilepticus;115
9.4.5;V. Epidemiological Studies of Epilepsy;116
9.4.6;VI. Limitations of Prospective and Population-Based Studies;119
9.4.7;VII. Febrile Seizures and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Causal Relationship or Early Marker for Subsequent Temporal Lobe Epilepsy?;121
9.4.8;References;123
10;PART III: Do Prolonged Febrile Seizures Cause Acute Neuronal Injury? ;128
10.1;Chapter 8. Do Prolonged Febrile Seizures Injure the Hippocampus? Human MRI Studies;128
10.1.1;I. Introduction;128
10.1.2;II. Retrospective MRI Studies Examining the Link of Complex Febrile Seizures to Hippocampal Injury ;130
10.1.3;III. Prospective MRI Studies in Children with Prolonged Seizures ;133
10.1.4;IV. MRI Studies and Potential Mechanisms of Hippocampal Injury;138
10.1.5;V. Considerations in MRI Methodology for Detecting Hippocampal Injury Following Complex Febrile Seizures;142
10.1.6;VI. Summary;146
10.1.7;References;146
10.2;Chapter 9. Do Prolonged Febrile Seizures Injure Hippocampal Neurons? Insights from Animal Models;152
10.2.1;I. Introduction;153
10.2.2;II. Do Prolonged Experimental Febrile Seizures Cause Acute Hippocampal Cell Death? ;154
10.2.3;III. Do Experimental Febrile Seizures Induce Loss of Specific, Vulnerable Populations of Hippocampal Neurons?;155
10.2.4;IV. Do Prolonged "Febrile Seizures" Alter Neurogenesis of the Dentate Gyrus Granule Cells?;157
10.2.5;V. Do Prolonged "Febrile" Seizures Injure Specific Populations of Hippocampal Neurons?;158
10.2.6;VI. Conclusion;159
10.2.7;References;160
10.3;Chapter 10. Do Effects of Febrile Seizures Differ in Normal and Abnormal Brain?;164
10.3.1;I. Introduction;164
10.3.2;II. Effects of Febrile Seizures in the Normal Developing Rat ;166
10.3.3;III. Effects of Febrile Seizures in the Abnormal Developing Rat ;169
10.3.4;References;173
11;PART IV: The Neurobiology of Febrile Seizures and of Their Consequences: Experimental Approaches;178
11.1;Chapter 11. Why Does the Developing Brain Demonstrate Heightened Susceptibility to Febrile and Other Provoked Seizures?;178
11.1.1;I. Introduction;178
11.1.2;II. The Clinical Problem ;179
11.1.3;III. Conclusion ;187
11.1.4;References;187
11.2;Chapter 12. Mechanisms of Fever and Febrile Seizures: Putative Role of the Interleukin-1 System;194
11.2.1;I. Introduction;194
11.2.2;II. The Febrile Response ;195
11.2.3;III. IL-1ß in Seizures and Epileptogenesis;203
11.2.4;IV. Human Epileptic Tissue;207
11.2.5;V. Mechanisms of Action and Pharmacological Implications;208
11.2.6;References;209
11.3;Chapter 13. Animal Models for Febrile Seizures;214
11.3.1;I. Introduction: Why Use Animal Models to Study Febrile Seizures?;214
11.3.2;II. Characteristics of the Optimal Animal Model for Febrile Seizures ;215
11.3.3;III. Published Models of Febrile Seizures ;220
11.3.4;IV. Animal Models: Strengths, Limitations, and Uses;222
11.3.5;References;223
11.4;Chapter 14. Physiology of Limbic Hyperexcitability after Experimental Complex Febrile Seizures: Interactions of Seizure-Induced Alterations at Multiple Levels of Neuronal Organization;228
11.4.1;I. Introduction;228
11.4.2;II. Limbic Excitability after Experimental Complex Febrile Seizures ;229
11.4.3;III. Conclusions and Outlook ;235
11.4.4;References;237
11.5;Chapter 15. Do Prolonged Febrile Seizures in an Immature Rat Model Cause Epilepsy?;240
11.5.1;I. Do Human Data Support the Notion That Prolonged Febrile Seizures Cause Epilepsy?;241
11.5.2;II. Use of Experimental Complex Febrile Seizures to Address Their Relationship to Epileptogenesis ;242
11.5.3;III. Consequences of Prolonged Experimental Febrile Seizures ;243
11.5.4;IV. Consequences of Experimental Prolonged Febrile Seizures in This Model;247
11.5.5;V. Functional Consequences of Febrile Seizures;250
11.5.6;VI. Mechanisms for the Enhanced Excitability after Prolonged Experimental Febrile Seizures;251
11.5.7;VII. Summary;252
11.5.8;References;252
11.6;Chapter 16. Basic Electrophysiology of Febrile Seizures;256
11.6.1;I. Introduction;257
11.6.2;II. Neuronal Processes Sensitive to Temperature ;258
11.6.3;III. Whole-Animal Studies of Hyperthermia ;267
11.6.4;IV. Conclusion;268
11.6.5;References;269
12;PART V: Genetics of Febrile Seizures;274
12.1;Chapter 17. The Genetics of Febrile Seizures;274
12.1.1;I. Introduction;274
12.1.2;II. Population, Family, and Twin Studies of Febrile Seizures;275
12.1.3;III. Genetic Analysis Methods ;279
12.1.4;IV. Known Linkages for Febrile Seizures;283
12.1.5;V. Summary;286
12.1.6;References;287
13;PART VI: Current Management of Febrile Seizures;290
13.1;Chapter 18. Evaluation of the Child with Febrile Seizures;290
13.1.1;I. Introduction;291
13.1.2;II. Diagnostic Evaluation;291
13.1.3;III. Should the Child with a Febrile Seizure Have a Lumbar Puncture? ;293
13.1.4;IV. Electroencephalography in the Management of Febrile Seizures;295
13.1.5;References;296
13.2;Chapter 19. Practical Management Approaches to Simple and Complex Febrile Seizures;298
13.2.1;I. Introduction;299
13.2.2;II. Continuous Prophylaxis ;301
13.2.3;III. Intermittent Prophylaxis ;304
13.2.4;IV. Immediate Anticonvulsant Therapy;312
13.2.5;V. Antipyretic Treatment;316
13.2.6;VI. Deciding Who and How to Treat;317
13.2.7;VII. Supportive Family Management;321
13.2.8;References;321
13.3;Chapter 20. What Do We Tell Parents of a Child with Simple or Complex Febrile Seizures?;330
13.3.1;I. Introduction;330
13.3.2;II. Information ;331
13.3.3;III. Learning Theories ;338
13.3.4;IV. Conclusions;338
13.3.5;V. Available Resources;339
13.3.6;References;340
14;PART VII: Current State of the Art: Implications for Future Study and Treatment;342
14.1;Chapter 21. Human Data: What Do We Know about Febrile Seizures and What Further Information Is Needed;342
14.1.1;I. Genetics;342
14.1.2;II. Role of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Functional Imaging in Defining Seizure-Induced Hippocampal Injury ;343
14.1.3;III. Role of Preexisting Abnormalities in Seizure-Induced Injury ;344
14.1.4;IV. Fever versus Hyperthermia;344
14.1.5;V. Role of Specific Pathogens;345
14.1.6;VI. Epilepsy Syndromes;345
14.1.7;VII. The Controversial Relationship between Prolonged Febrile Seizures, Mesial Temporal Sclerosis, and Temporal Lobe Epilepsy;346
14.1.8;VIII. Cognitive and Behavioral Outcomes and Memory;346
14.1.9;IX. Treatment and Neuroprotection;347
14.1.10;X. Summary;348
14.1.11;References;348
14.2;Chapter 22. Mechanisms and Outcome of Febrile Seizures: What Have We Learned from Basic Science Approaches, and What Needs Studying?;350
14.2.1;I. What Are the Key Questions?;350
14.2.2;II. What Have We Learned So Far? ;352
14.2.3;III. What Are the Goals for Experimental Approaches to Febrile Seizures? ;352
14.2.4;References;353
15;Index;354