Becker Advanced Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting Techniques

1. Auflage 2005
ISBN: 978-3-540-28882-4
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 401 Seiten

In 1984 Desmond O'Connor and David Phillips published their comprehensive book 'Time-correlated Single Photon Counting'. At that time time-correlated s- gle photon counting, or TCSPC, was used primarily to record fluorescence decay functions of dye solutions in cuvettes. From the beginning, TCSPC was an am- ingly sensitive and accurate technique with excellent time-resolution. However, acquisition times were relatively slow due to the low repetition rate of the light sources and the limited speed of the electronics of the 70s and early 80s. Moreover, TCSPC was intrinsically one-dimensional, i.e. limited to the recording of the wa- form of a periodic light signal. Even with these limitations, it was a wonderful te- nique. More than 20 years have elapsed, and electronics and laser techniques have made impressive progress. The number of transistors on a single chip has approximately doubled every 18 months, resulting in a more than 1,000-fold increase in compl- ity and speed. The repetition rate and power of pulsed light sources have increased by about the same factor.

Wolfgang Becker is a specialist of optical short-time measurement techniques and obtained his PhD 1979 in Berlin, Germany. Since 1993 he is the head of Becker & Hickl GmbH in Berlin. His field of interest is development and application of time-correlated single photon counting techniques. He is an amatuer astronomer and telescope maker and likes cats, skiing and beach volleyball.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Becker, Wolfgang

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
2;Contents;7
3;List of Technical Terms and Symbols;12
4;1 Optical Signal Recording;19
5;2 Overview of Photon Counting Techniques;28
5.1;2.1 Steady-State Photon Counting;28
5.2;2.2 Gated Photon Counting;29
5.3;2.3 Multichannel Scalers;33
5.4;2.4 Time-Correlated Single Photon Counting (TCSPC);37
6;3 Multidimensional TCSPC Techniques;43
6.1;3.1 Multidetector TCSPC;45
6.2;3.2 Multiplexed TCSPC;49
6.3;3.3 Sequential Recording Techniques;51
6.4;3.4 Scanning Techniques;53
6.5;3.5 Imaging by Position-Sensitive Detection;55
6.6;3.6 Time-Tag Recording;59
6.7;3.7 Multimodule Systems;61
7;4 Building Blocks of Advanced TCSPC Devices;63
7.1;4.1 Constant-Fraction Discriminators;63
7.2;4.2 Time Measurement Block;66
8;5 Application of Modern TCSPC Techniques;77
8.1;5.1 Classic Fluorescence Lifetime Experiments;77
8.2;5.2 Multispectral Fluorescence Lifetime Experiments;100
8.3;5.3 Excitation-Wavelength Multiplexing;103
8.4;5.4 Transient Fluorescence Lifetime Phenomena;106
8.5;5.5 Diffuse Optical Tomography (DOT) and Photon Migration;113
8.6;5.6 Autofluorescence of Biological Tissue;137
8.7;5.7 TCSPC Laser Scanning Microscopy;145
8.8;5.8 Other TCSPC Microscopy Techniques;179
8.9;5.9 Picosecond Photon Correlation;185
8.10;5.10 Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy;192
8.11;5.11 Combinations of Correlation Techniques;203
8.12;5.12 The Photon Counting Histogram;207
8.13;5.13 Time-Resolved Single Molecule Spectroscopy;209
8.14;5.14 Miscellaneous TCSPC Applications;217
9;6 Detectors for Photon Counting;229
9.1;6.1 Detector Principles;229
9.2;6.2 Characterisation of Detectors;238
9.3;6.3 Measurement of PMT Parameters;250
9.4;6.4 Photon Counting Performance of Selected Detectors;258
10;7 Practice of TCSPC Experiments;278
10.1;7.1 Excitation Sources;278
10.2;7.2 Optical Systems;283
10.3;7.3 Detector Control and Overload Protection;317
10.4;7.4 Generating the Synchronisation Signal;319
10.5;7.5 System Connections;322
10.6;7.6 Safety Considerations;330
10.7;7.7 Setting the TCSPC System Parameters;332
10.8;7.8 Differential Nonlinearity;345
10.9;7.9 Counting Loss in TCSPC Systems;347
10.10;7.10 Calibration of the Time Scale;360
11;8 Final Remarks;362
12;9 References;365
13;Index;402