Chance / Estabrook / Williamson Control of Energy Metabolism

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-7166-8
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 454 Seiten, Web PDF

Control of Energy Metabolism: A Colloquium of the Johnson Research Foundation focuses on the processes, reactions, and approaches involved in the control of energy metabolism. The selection first offers information on the respiratory chain as a model for metabolic control in multi-enzyme systems, dynamics and control in cellular reactions, and computer-based analysis of biochemical data. The text then explores purification and properties of rabbit skeletal muscle phosphofructokinase; multiple forms of heart phosphofructokinase; and mechanisms of inhibition and activation of phosphofructokinase in Novikoff ascites tumor cells. Discussions focus on the properties of purified phosphofructokinase; effect of heart extracts on reactivation of phosphofructokinase; active and inactive forms of phosphofructokinase; and effect of hexose phosphate and adenylic nucleotides on reactivation of phosphofructokinase. The manuscript takes a look at enzyme and metabolite profiles; coordinated stimulation of hexokinase and phosphofructokinase by phosphate in a reconstituted system of glycolysis; control of hexokinase in ascites tumor glycolysis; and cation flux across the mitochondrial membrane as a possible pacemaker of tissue metabolism. The selection is a vital reference for biochemists and researchers interested in the control of energy metabolism.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Chance, Britton

Estabrook, Ronald W.

Williamson, John R.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Control of Energy Metabolism;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;List of Participants;6
6;Preface;8
7;PART I: CONTROL CHARACTERISTICS OF ENZYMES AND ENZYME SYSTEMS IN VITRO;14
7.1;Chapter 1. Opening Remarks;16
7.2;Chapter 2. Introductory Remarks;18
7.3;Section I: Theoretical Aspects of Control Properties in Enzyme Systems;20
7.3.1;Chapter 3. The Respiratory Chain as a Model for Metabolic Control in Multi-Enzyme Systems;22
7.3.1.1;REFERENCES;25
7.3.2;Chapter 4. Dynamics and Control in Cellular Reactions;26
7.3.2.1;I. Introduction;26
7.3.2.2;II. Analysis of Cellular Dynamics - Time Scale Reduction;27
7.3.2.3;III. Control;46
7.3.2.4;IV. Feedback;54
7.3.2.5;Discussion and Summary;58
7.3.2.6;REFERENCES;59
7.4;Section II: Computer Studies;60
7.4.1;Chapter 5. Computer-Based Analysis of Biochemical
Data;62
7.4.1.1;REFERENCES;67
7.4.2;Discussion;68
7.5;Section III: Phosphofructokinase: Its Purification, Crystallization, and Kinetic Properties;74
7.5.1;Chapter 6. Phosphofructokinase;76
7.5.1.1;REFERENCES;77
7.5.2;Chapter 7. Purification and Properties of Rabbit Skeletal Muscle Phosphofructokinase;78
7.5.2.1;REFERENCES;81
7.5.3;Chapter 8. Phosphofructokinase from Rabbit Muscle;82
7.5.4;Chapter 9. Some Properties of Fructose-6-Phosphate Kinase from Rabbit Skeletal Muscle;84
7.5.4.1;References;92
7.5.5;Chapter 10. Multiple Forms of Heart Phosphofructokinase;94
7.5.5.1;Active and Inactive Forms of Phosphofructokinase;94
7.5.5.2;Effect of Hexose Phosphate and Adenylic Nucleotides on Reactivation of Phosphofructokinase;95
7.5.5.3;Effect of Heart Extracts on Reactivation of Riosphofructokinase;96
7.5.5.4;Properties of Purified Phosphofructokinase;97
7.5.5.5;Solubilization and Activation of Riosphofructokinase;98
7.5.5.6;REFERENCES;99
7.5.6;Chapter 11. On the Mechanism of Inhibition and Activation of Phosphofructokinase in Novikoff Ascites Tumor Cells;100
7.5.6.1;Proposed mechanism;106
7.5.6.2;Alternative mechanism;107
7.5.6.3;REFERENCES;108
7.5.7;Chapter 12. Control Properties of Phosphofructokinase from Saccharomyces cerevisia;110
7.5.7.1;REFERENCES;113
7.5.8;Chapter 13. A Computer Simulation Study of the Metabolic Control Behavior of Phosphofructokinase;114
7.5.8.1;REFERENCES;116
7.5.9;Chapter 14. Summary;118
7.5.9.1;REFERENCES;119
8;PART II: ENZYME CONTENT, SUBSTRATE AND COFACTOR AVAILABILITY, AND CATION TRANSPORT AS FACTORS IN METABOLIC REGULATION;120
8.1;Section IV: Enzyme Profile Patterns and Reconstituted Systems;122
8.1.1;Chapter 15. Enzyme and Metabolite Profiles;124
8.1.1.1;References;135
8.1.2;Chapter 16. Enzyme Profile and Beef Heart Supernatant Fraction;136
8.1.2.1;REFERENCES;136
8.1.3;Chapter 17. Comment;138
8.1.4;Chapter 18. Coordinated Stimulation of Hexokinase and Phosphofructokinase by Phosphate in a Reconstituted System of Glycolysis;140
8.1.4.1;REFERENCES;150
8.1.5;Chapter 19. A Reconstituted Enzyme System;152
8.1.5.1;REFERENCES;155
8.1.6;Discussion;156
8.2;Section V: Control in Single-Cellular Systems Due to Pi or ADP Availability;160
8.2.1;Chapter 20. Control Characteristics of the Adenine Nucleotide System;162
8.2.1.1;REFERENCES;168
8.2.2;Chapter 21. ADP and Pi
Control in Ascites Tumor Cells;170
8.2.2.1;Experimental Methods;171
8.2.2.2;Experimental Results;172
8.2.2.3;Discussion;179
8.2.2.4;Summary;186
8.2.2.5;References;186
8.2.3;Chapter 22. The Control of Hexokinase in Ascites Tumor Glycolysis;190
8.2.3.1;REFERENCES;198
8.2.4;Chapter 23. On the Control of Glycolysis in Novikoff Ascites Tumor Cells;200
8.2.4.1;Control of Anaerobic Glycolysis;200
8.2.4.2;Control of Aerobic Glycolysis;204
8.2.4.3;The Pasteur Effect in Novikoff Ascites Tumor Cells;204
8.2.4.4;REFERENCES;205
8.2.5;Chapter 24. The Control of Glycolysis in Yeast;206
8.2.5.1;REFERENCES;208
8.2.6;Discussion;209
8.3;Section VI: The Role of Cations in Metabolic Control;220
8.3.1;Chapter 25. Cation Flux Across the Mitochondrial Membrane as a Possible Pacemaker of Tissue Metabolism;222
8.3.1.1;REFERENCES;228
8.3.2;Chapter 26. A Role of Sodium and Potassium in Metabolic Control;230
8.3.2.1;REFERENCES;232
8.3.3;Chapter 27. The Role of Na+ and K+ on a-Aminoisobutyric Acid Transport in
Striated Muscle;234
8.3.3.1;Effects of Na+ on AIB Transport;235
8.3.3.2;Relation of the Na + Electrochemical Gradient and AIB Transport;240
8.3.3.3;Effect of K+ on AIB Transport;241
8.3.3.4;Effect of K+ on AIB Influx and Efflux;243
8.3.3.5;Relation of the Na+ Pump to AIB Transport;244
8.3.3.6;SUMMARY;245
8.3.3.7;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;246
8.3.3.8;REFERENCES;246
8.3.4;Discussion;248
8.4;Section VII: Control Due to Changes of Enzyme Content;250
8.4.1;Chapter 28. On Transitory and Periodic Systems in Bacteria;252
8.4.1.1;REFERENCES;257
8.4.2;Chapter 29. On the Direction of Pyridine Nucleotide Oxidation-Reduction Reactions in Gluconeogenesis and Lipogenesis;258
8.4.2.1;REFERENCES;261
8.4.3;Chapter 30. On the "Biochemical
Imprinting" of Metabolic Experience in Liver Cells;262
8.4.3.1;1) Lipogenesis and the
HMP dehydrogenases;265
8.4.3.2;2) Microsomal "detoxifying" system induction and TPNH generating systems;266
8.4.3.3;3) Essential fatty acid deficient diets and TPN dehydrogenases;267
8.4.3.4;REFERENCES;272
8.4.4;Chapter 31. Adaptive Behavior of Citrate Cleavage Enzyme;274
8.4.4.1;REFERENCES;278
8.4.5;Chapter 32. Some Aspects of Metabolic Control in the Fertilization Transition of Sea Urchin Eggs;280
8.4.5.1;Materials and Methods;280
8.4.5.2;Results and Discussion;280
8.4.5.3;References;284
8.4.5.4;Discussion;286
9;PART III: CONTROL OF METABOLISM IN INTACT TISSUES;294
9.1;Chapter 33.
CHAIRMAN'S INTRODUCTION;296
9.2;Section VIII: Regulation of Glycolytic Activity in Smooth and Skeletal Muscles;298
9.2.1;Chapter 34. Activation of Glycolytic Pathway in Muscle;300
9.2.1.1;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;309
9.2.1.2;REFERENCES;309
9.2.2;Chapter 35. The Response of the Glycolytic System of Anaerobic Frog Sartorius Muscle to Electrical Stimulation;312
9.2.2.1;Introductlon and Methods;312
9.2.2.2;Results;313
9.2.2.3;Discussion and Summary;323
9.2.2.4;References;324
9.2.3;Chapter 36. Some Biochemical Properties of Intestinal Smooth Muscle in Relation to the Physiological Actions of Epinephrine;326
9.2.3.1;REFERENCES;328
9.2.4;Discussion;329
9.3;Section IX: Regulation of Metabolism in Brain;332
9.3.1;Chapter 37. The Effects of Altered Brain Metabolism on the Levels of Krebs Cycle
Intermediates;334
9.3.1.1;Experimental Procedure;334
9.3.1.2;Results;335
9.3.1.3;Summary;339
9.3.1.4;References;340
9.3.2;Discussion;341
9.4;Section X: Regulation of Glycolytic Activity in Heart Muscle;344
9.4.1;Chapter 38. Metabolic Control in the Perfused Rat Heart;346
9.4.1.1;REFERENCES;359
9.4.2;Chapter 39. Regulation of Glucose Transport;360
9.4.2.1;Experimental Procedure;360
9.4.2.2;Results;361
9.4.2.3;Discussion;366
9.4.2.4;Summary;367
9.4.2.5;REFERENCES;367
9.4.3;Chapter 40. Fatty Acid Induced Alterations in Citric Acid Cycle Intermediates;370
9.4.3.1;REFERENCES;372
9.4.3.2;Discussion;373
10;PART IV: BICENTENNIAL LECTURES ON CONTROL OF ENERGY METABOLISM;386
10.1;Chapter 41. Energy Transformation in the Generation of Bioelectricity;388
10.1.1;(a) The direction of ion movements;391
10.1.2;(b) Coupling with metabolism;391
10.1.3;(c) Effect of temperature;391
10.1.4;(d) Effect of membrane potential;392
10.1.5;(e) The rate of transfer of ions;392
10.1.6;(f) Effect of calcium;392
10.1.7;(g) Discrimination between sodium and lithium;392
10.1.8;(h) Effect of drugs;393
10.1.9;REFERENCES;393
10.2;Chapter 42. Control of Energy Metabolism. Bioenergetics of Muscular Contraction;396
10.2.1;REFERENCES;405
10.3;Chapter 43. Hemoglobin-Free Perfusion of Rat Liver;406
10.3.1;Summary;424
10.3.2;REFERENCES;425
10.4;Chapter 44. Control of Energy Metabolism in Mitochondria;428
10.4.1;Introduction;428
10.4.2;The Cytochromes;429
10.4.3;Summary;442
10.4.4;References;443
11;INDEX;450