Colombo / Hobson Advances in Organic Geochemistry

Proceedings of the International Meeting in Milan, 1962
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-4905-9
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 498 Seiten, Web PDF

Advances in Organic Geochemistry documents the proceedings of the First International Meeting of the European Branch of the Organic Geochemistry Group held in Milan on September 10-12, 1962. This compilation discusses research and review problems relating to the geochemistry of organic materials in the earth's crust, such as petroleum and coal, as well as less highly concentrated, but more widespread, organic matter present in various rocks, soils, and waters. Other topics covered include duplex origins of petroleum; chemical study of coal macerals; mineralized micro-structures in carbonaceous meteorites; primary investigation of the oleiferous dolerite of Dyvika; and organic residues in Jurassic oolitic limestones. Geochemical aspects of the microbial modification of carbon compounds; trace metal analysis of oils and asphalts by neutron activation techniques; and application of ultraviolet spectroscopy to the examination of dissolved organic substances in water are also deliberated in this text. This publication is beneficial to students and individuals conducting work on organic geochemistry.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Colombo, Umberto

Hobson, G. D.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Advances in Organic Geochemistry;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Preface;6
6;CHAPTER 1. OPENING ADDRESS;12
7;CHAPTER 2. THE DUPLEX ORIGINS OF PETROLEUM;18
8;CHAPTER 3. GEOCHEMICAL TRANSFORMATION OF PETROLEUM;22
8.1;REFERENCES;25
9;CHAPTER 4. FRACTIONNEMENT DU PETROLE PAR MIGRATION CAPILLAIRE;26
9.1;CONCLUSIONS;39
9.2;REFERENCES;42
10;CHAPTER 5. A GEOCHEMICAL MODEL OF THE EAKRING OIL FIELD OF NOTTINGHAMSHIRE;44
11;CHAPTER 6. THE CHEMICAL STUDY OF COAL MACERALS by;54
11.1;1. Determination of Phenolic Hydroxyl;60
11.2;2. Dehydrogenation;61
11.3;3. Side-chain Bromination;61
11.4;4. Depolymerization;61
11.5;5. Reduction with Lithium in Aliphatic Amines;61
12;CHAPTER 7. RESINITE IN BITUMINOUS COALS;64
12.1;INTRODUCTION;64
12.2;THE OCCURRENCE AND APPEARANCE OF RESINITE IN BITUMINOUS COALS;65
12.3;ORIGIN, ISOLATION AND PURITY OF RESINITE CONCENTRATES;70
12.4;CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF RESINITES;73
12.5;BEHAVIOUR OF THE RESINITES ON CARBONIZATION;81
12.6;FLUIDITY AND MIGRATION OF RESINITE;85
12.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;91
12.8;REFERENCES;91
13;CHAPTER 8. THE OCCURRENCE OF BIOGENIC RESIDUES IN CARBONIFEROUS COALS;94
13.1;EXTRACTION OF COAL;95
13.2;SOLVENT FRACTIONATION;95
13.3;CHROMATOGRAPHIC SEPARATIONS;99
13.4;STEAM DISTILLATION OF COAL EXTRACTS;104
13.5;FUNGISTATIC PROPERTIES OF VITRICIN;104
13.6;CONCLUSIONS;105
14;CHAPTER 9. A COMPARISON BETWEEN THE PETROLOGY AND PYRO-CHROMATOGRAPHY OF AN ENGLISH AND A SOUTH AFRICAN COAL;114
14.1;COMPARATIVE PETROGRAPHY;114
14.2;PYRO-CHROMATOGRAPHIC ANALYSES;116
14.3;DISCUSSION;117
15;CHAPTER 10. DISTRIBUTIONS STATISTIQUES D'ELEMENTS MINEURS DANS LES CHARBONS NORD-AMERICAINS;128
15.1;INTRODUCTION;128
15.2;TRAVAUX DE ZUBOVIC, STADNICHENKO ET SHEEFEY;128
15.3;DISTRIBUTIONS DES TENEURS;129
15.4;CORRÉLATIONS ENTRE LES TENEURS;134
15.5;DISCUSSION;135
15.6;CONCLUSIONS;138
16;CHAPTER 11. MINERALIZED MICRO-STRUCTURES IN CARBONACEOUS METEORITES;140
16.1;INTRODUCTION;140
16.2;PETROGRAPHIC AND MINERALOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS;141
16.3;ANALYSES OF ORGANIC MATTER;141
16.4;THE ORGANIZED ELEMENTS;142
17;CHAPTER 12. NOTES ON THE PETROGRAPHY OF THE ORGUEIL METEORITE;150
17.1;INTRODUCTION;150
17.2;A STUDY OF PETROGKAPHIC THIN SECTIONS;151
18;CHAPTER 13. INTERPRETATION OF MICRO-STRUCTURES IN CARBONACEOUS METEORITES;158
18.1;INTRODUCTION;158
18.2;INORGANIC PHASE;158
18.3;ORGANIC PHASE;159
18.4;THE MICRO-STRUCTURES;161
18.5;INTER-RELATIONS BETWEEN MICRO-STRUCTURES AND THE MATRIX;176
18.6;RECONSTRUCTION OF CONDITIONS WHICH PREVAILED IN THE COURSE OF THE CONDENSATION OF THE PARENT BODIES OF CARBONACEOUS METEORITES;178
18.7;THE INTERPRETATION OF THE MICRO-STRUCTURES AS INDICATORS FOR AND AGAINST BIOGENESIS ON THE PARENT BODIES;183
19;CHAPTER 14. PRIMARY INVESTIGATION OF THE OLEIFEROUS DOLERITE OF DYVIKA;186
19.1;DISCUSSION;189
20;CHAPTER 15. ORGANIC RESIDUES IN JURASSIC OOLITIC LIMESTONES ;190
21;CHAPTER 16. ON THE ORIGIN OF PETROLEUM INSIDE FRESHWATER CARBONATE CONCRETIONS OF MIOCENE AGE;194
21.1;INTRODUCTION;194
21.2;DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION OF PETROLIFEROUS NODULES AND RESULTS OF PREVIOUS STUDY;197
21.3;RESULTS;197
21.4;INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;202
21.5;CONCLUSIONS;207
22;CHAPTER 17. DEFINIERTE CHEMISCHE VERBINDUNGEN IM POSIDIENSCHIEFER;210
23;CHAPTER 18. FATTY ACIDS IN SEDIMENTARY ROCKS;214
24;CHAPTER 19. LIPIDS OF OCEAN WATER;220
24.1;INTRODUCTION;220
24.2;EXPERIMENTAL;221
24.3;ANALYSIS OF FRACTIONS;225
24.4;REAGENTS;227
24.5;BLANKS;227
24.6;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;230
24.7;CONCLUSIONS;242
24.8;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;243
25;CHAPTER 20. DISTRIBUTION OF FLAVINOIDS AND SOME OTHER HETEROCYCLIC SUBSTANCES IN LAKE SEDIMENTS;246
25.1;INTRODUCTION;246
25.2;PROCEDURES;246
25.3;PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY OF FLUORESCENT SUBSTANCES;247
25.4;FLAVINOID AND RELATED SUBSTANCES IN PEATS FROM CEDAR CREEK BOG, MINNESOTA;250
25.5;FLAVINOID AND RELATED SUBSTANCES IN PEATS FROM DISMAL SWAMP, VIRGINIA;253
25.6;FLAVINOID AND RELATED HETEROCYCLIC SUBSTANCES IN OTHER LAKE SEDIMENTS;253
25.7;CONCLUSIONS;254
26;CHAPTER 21. GEOCHEMISTRY OF THE HIGH MOLECULAR WEIGHT NON-HYDROCARBON FRACTION OF PETROLEUM;262
26.1;INTRODUCTION;262
26.2;DISCUSSION;263
26.3;CONCLUSION;282
26.4;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;282
26.5;GEOCHEMICAL CONTRIBUTION TO RESEARCH FOR THE RECONSTRUCTION OF THE PALAEOGEOGRAPHY OF A SEDIMENTARY BASIN;286
26.6;INTRODUCTION;286
26.7;ORIENTATION OF AGIP MINERARIA GEOCHEMICAL RESEARCH;287
26.8;GEOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS;288
26.9;GEOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE SICILIAN TRIASSIC BLACK SHALE FORMATION;291
26.10;ANALYTICAL RESULTS;293
26.11;OBSERVATIONS;300
26.12;CONCLUSIONS;301
26.13;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;301
26.14;APPENDIX;302
27;CHAPTER 22. GEOCHEMISTRY OF URANYL OXIDES IN DEVONIAN MARINE BLACK SHALES OF NORTH AMERICA;308
27.1;THE ORGANIC SOLUBILIZATTON OF MINERALS IN SEDIMENTS;310
28;CHAPTER 23. OXYGEN ISOTOPE PALAEOTEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS ON MESOZOIC BELEMNOIDEA AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN PALAEOCLIMATIC STUDIES;324
28.1;THE DEVELOPMENT OF PALAEOTEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT;324
28.2;PALAEOTEMPERATURE DATA SO FAR ACCUMULATED;326
28.3;INTERPRETATION OF PALAEOTEMPERATURE DATA;330
28.4;THE PALAEOTEMPERATURE DATA, CONTINENTAL DRIFT AND POLAR WANDER;331
28.5;CONCLUSIONS;334
28.6;A NOTE ON THE VARIATION OF THE VALUES OF DELTA WITH RADIUS IN BELEMNOID ROSTRA;335
28.7;REFERENCES;335
29;CHAPTER 24. STUDY OF AN ANALYTICAL METHOD FOR THE EXECUTION OF SURFACE GEOCHEMICAL PROSPECTING FOR PETROLEUM AND NATURAL GAS;338
29.1;INTRODUCTION;338
29.2;GAS SURVEY;339
29.3;CORE-GAS SURVEY;341
29.4;DISCUSSION;347
29.5;CONCLUSIONS;347
29.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;348
29.7;REFERENCES;348
30;CHAPTER 25. TECHNIQUES MODERNES DE DÉTECTION DES INDICES EN FORAGE;350
30.1;INTRODUCTION;350
30.2;INCIDENCE DE LA TRAVERSÉE D' UNE COUCHE RÉSERVOIR SUR LES PARAMETRES MESURÉS
;350
30.3;MESURE ET ENREGISTREMENT DE LA TENEUR EN GAZ DE LA BOUE;351
30.4;ÉVALUATION ET ENREGISTREMENT DE LA FLUORESCENCE DE LA BOUE;355
30.5;RECHERCHE DES INDICES DE GAZ ET D' HUILE DANS LA ROCHE;357
30.6;APPLICATIONS PRATIQUES;359
30.7;CONCLUSIONS;363
30.8;ANNEXE II FLUORIMETRE ENREGISTREUR CONTINU;368
31;CHAPTER 26. PROVINCES BIOGÉOCHIMIQUES ET LEUR RÔLE DANS L'ÉVOLUTION ORGANIQUE;370
31.1;COMPOSITION CHIMIQUE DES ORGANISMES EN RELATION À LEUR POSITION SYSTÉMATIQUE;370
31.2;PROVINCES BIOGÉOCHIMIQUES;380
31.3;SUR LE CARACTÉRE DE LA MUTABILITÉ DES ORGANISMES EN PROVINCES BIOGÉOCHIMIQUES;384
31.4;PROVINCES PALEOBIOGÉOCHIMIQUE;387
31.5;ETUDE DE L'ÉVOLUTION DES ORGANISMES À BASE GÉOCHIMIQUE;388
32;CHAPTER 27. GEOCHEMICAL ASPECTS QF THE MICROBIAL MODIFICATION OF CARBON COMPOUNDS;392
32.1;INTRODUCTION;392
32.2;BACTERIAL BIOMASS;392
32.3;CULTURAL REQUIREMENTS OF BACTERIA;393
32.4;ORGANIC SYNTHESIS BY AUTOTROPHIC BACTERIA;394
32.5;MICROBIAL UTILIZATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE;397
32.6;CARBON MONOXIDE METABOLISM;399
32.7;METHANE FORMATION AND ITS OXIDATION;400
32.8;BACTERIA AND THE ORIGIN OF OIL;401
32.9;HUMUS FORMATION;402
32.10;PEAT AND COAL FORMATION;402
32.11;EFFECTS ON C02-CARBONATE CYCLE;403
32.12;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;404
33;CHAPTER 28. FACTORS STIMULATING AND LIMITING PROCESSES OF BIOCHEMICAL OXIDATION OF HYDROCARBONS;410
34;CHAPTER 29. CHANGE IN THE COMPOSITION OF HYDROCARBON GASES UNDER THE ACTION OF BACTERIA AS EVIDENCE OF GAS MIGRATION;412
35;CHAPTER 30. CARBON BALANCE IN OXIDIZING PROPANE BY A CULTURE OF MYCOBACTERIUM LACTICOLUM;414
36;CHAPTER 31. GASEOUS METABOLISM IN LAKE SEDIMENTS AND PADDY SOILS;416
36.1;INTRODUCTION;416
36.2;EXPERIMENTAL;416
36.3;ANALYTICAL METHODS;417
36.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;417
37;CHAPTER 32. ANALYTICAL TECHNIQUES IN THE FIELD OF ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY;430
37.1;CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES;431
37.2;CONCEPT OF GEOCHEMICAL STUDIES;432
37.3;ANALYTICAL METHODS;434
37.4;DESALTING ON ION EXCHANGE RESINS;445
37.5;QUALITATIVE AND QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF INDIVIDUAL COMPOUNDS;446
37.6;PAPER CHROMATOGRAPHY;446
37.7;ION EXCHANGE CHROMATOGRAPHY;450
37.8;THIN - LAYER CHROMATOGRAPHY;450
37.9;GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY;451
37.10;CONCLUDING REMARKS;451
37.11;REFERENCES;451
38;CHAPTER 33. QUANTITATIVE DETERMINATION OF n-ALKANES IN CRUDE OILS AND ROCK EXTRACTS BY GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY;456
38.1;INTRODUCTION;456
38.2;PRINCIPLE OF THE METHOD;456
38.3;CONDITIONS;458
38.4;CALCULATIONS;460
38.5;ACCURACY OF THE METHOD;462
38.6;LIMITATIONS OF THE METHOD;465
38.7;EXPERIMENTAL;466
39;CHAPTER 34. PYRO-CHROMATOGRAPHY;472
40;CHAPTER 35. THE USE OF C14 LABELED COMPOUNDS IN CHROMATOGRAPHIC STUDIES OF ASPHALTIC MATTER
;478
40.1;INTRODUCTION;478
40.2;REAGENTS AND SAMPLES;479
40.3;EXPERIMENTAL;480
40.4;DISCUSSION;481
40.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;485
40.6;REFERENCES;486
41;CHAPTER 36. TRACE METAL ANALYSIS OF OILS AND ASPHALTS BY NEUTRON ACTIVATION TECHNIQUES;488
41.1;INTRODUCTION;488
41.2;DESCRIPTION OF THE METHOD;490
41.3;EXPERIMENTAL;493
41.4;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;495
41.5;CONCLUSIONS;500
41.6;REFERENCES;500
42;CHAPTER 37. APPLICATION OF ULTRAVIOLET SPECTROSCOPY TO THE EXAMINATION OF DISSOLVED ORGANIC SUBSTANCES IN WATER;502
42.1;INTRODUCTION;502
42.2;EXPERIMENTAL;502
42.3;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;503
43;CHAPTER 38. PROPOSITION DE METHODE DE RECUPERATION QUANTITATIVE DES HUILES BRUTES DANS LES GAROTTES DE SONDAGE;512
43.1;DESCRIPTION DE LA METHODE;513
43.2;EFFICACITE DE LA METHODE;518
43.3;EXEMPLE D' APPLICATION RÉELLE;522
43.4;CONCLUSIONS;522
44;NAME INDEX;524
45;SUBJECT INDEX;532