Davis / Rosenblum Monkeys as Perceivers

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-5973-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 276 Seiten, Web PDF

Primate Behavior: Developments in Field and Laboratory Research, Volume 3: Monkeys as Perceivers illustrates some general procedures for studying nonverbal perceiving in monkeys. This book takes into account the environment that was present when the monkeys were evolving their basic patterns of behavior in order to describe monkeys as perceivers. The topics include the general requirements for a description of nonverbal perception, inferences about attention, and complex conflicting cues of space. The interpretation of spatial discontiguity, alternative ways to measure detour performance, and methodological problems in specifying form are also described. This publication likewise covers the confusion errors in short-term memory and color perception. This volume is suitable for biologists and researchers interested in monkeys as perceivers.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Davis, Roger T.

Rosenblum, Leonard A.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Internal Migration: A Comparative Perspective;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS;10
6;PREFACE;14
7;CHAPTER 1. Comparative Analysis of Internal Migration:
An Overview;16
7.1;I. Migration and Development: Interactions;17
7.2;II. Methodology: Models, Measurement, and Theoretical Reflections;18
7.3;III. The Effect of Migration on Regions and Individuals;18
7.4;IV. Selected Case Studies;20
7.5;V. Migration: Disciplinary and Systemic Comparisons;22
8;PART I:
Migration and Development:
Interactions;24
8.1;CHAPTER 2.
Migration and Socioeconomic Development:
Today and Yesterday;26
8.1.1;I. Overview;26
8.1.2;II. Migration in History;29
8.1.3;III. Objectives of Migration;32
8.1.4;IV. Freedom to Locate;36
8.1.5;V. Population and Employment: Distribution in Space;38
8.1.6;VI. Amenities;41
8.1.7;VII. Conclusion;44
8.1.8;References;45
8.2;CHAPTER 3.
Internal Migration and Economic Development:
An Overview;52
8.2.1;I. Comparative Static Analysis;53
8.2.2;II. Elements of Time;70
8.2.3;III. Closing Remarks;74
8.2.4;References;74
8.3;CHAPTER 4.
The Functions and Dynamics of
the Migration Process;76
8.3.1;I. Introduction;76
8.3.2;II. Determinants of Migration;77
8.3.3;III. Individual Outcomes of Migration;80
8.3.4;IV. Effects of Migration on Places;84
8.3.5;V. Summary;85
8.3.6;References;86
9;PART II:
Methodology: Models, Measurement
and Theoretical Reflections;88
9.1;CHAPTER 5.
Policy-Oriented Interregional Demographic
Accounting and a Generalization
of Population Flow Models;90
9.1.1;I. An Overview of One Model of Interregional Demographic Accounts and Its Uses;91
9.1.2;II. Opportunity and Competition in a Migratory System;94
9.1.3;III. Appendix: A Parsing of the General Flow Relation;102
9.1.4;Acknowledgment;103
9.1.5;References;103
9.2;CHAPTER 6.
Forecasting Migration in a Regional
General Equilibrium Context;106
9.2.1;I. Models of Regional Migration Flows;106
9.2.2;II. A Demonstration for the Los Angeles Metropolitan Area;109
9.2.3;III. Concluding Remarks;115
9.2.4;References;116
9.3;CHAPTER 7.
Some Aspects of
Measuring Internal Migration;118
9.3.1;I. Introduction;118
9.3.2;II. Information on Migration;119
9.3.3;III. Census Information for Measuring Migration;120
9.3.4;IV. Migration Estimates Based on Information on Place of Enumeration by Place of Birth;124
9.3.5;V. Migration Estimates Based on Information on Place of Enumerationby Place of Residence m Years prior to the Census Date;127
9.3.6;VI. Comparison of Different Procedures;129
9.3.7;VII. Conclusions;132
9.3.8;References;133
9.4;CHAPTER 8. Measurement of Internal Migration from Census Data;136
9.4.1;I. Introduction;136
9.4.2;II. Measurement of Migration;138
9.4.3;III. Characteristics of Migrants;142
9.4.4;IV. Analytical Studies on the Determinants and Consequencesof Internal Migration;145
9.4.5;V. Conclusions;147
9.4.6;References;149
9.5;CHAPTER 9.
Internal Migration:
Measurement and Models;150
9.5.1;I. Data on Measures of Migration;151
9.5.2;II. Models;154
9.5.3;References;158
10;PART III:
The Effect of Migration
on Regions and Individuals;160
10.1;CHAPTER 10.
The Effect of Outmigration
on Regions of Origin;162
10.1.1;I. The Size and Pattern of Rural Outmigration;163
10.1.2;II. The Cause of Outmigration from Rural Areas;165
10.1.3;III. The Effect of Outmigration on Population Growth;168
10.1.4;IV. Rural Depopulation and the Age Structure;173
10.1.5;V. Outmigration and Sex Composition;174
10.1.6;VI. The Economic and Social Consequences of Outmigration;176
10.1.7;VII. Conclusion: The Misplaced Fear of Rural Depopulation;180
10.1.8;References;181
10.2;CHAPTER 11. A Migrants-Eye View of the Costs and Benefits of Migration to a Metropolis;182
10.2.1;I. A Rational-Behavioral Approach to Migration Study;182
10.2.2;II. A Rough Quantification of the Model;185
10.2.3;III. Some Detailed Relationships;192
10.2.4;IV. Implications;196
10.3;CHAPTER 12. On the Microeconomicsof Internal Migration;198
10.3.1;I. Introduction;198
10.3.2;II. The Migrant and the Non-Migrant;199
10.3.3;III. A Calculus of Rational Migration Choice;200
10.3.4;IV. Benefits from Migration: New versus Old Job Prospects: Risk, Search, and Job Markets;202
10.3.5;V. Benefits from Migration: New versus Old Job Prospects: Lifetime Earnings, Wage Rates, and Unemployment;206
10.3.6;VI. Benefits from Migration: Nonjob Benefits;209
10.3.7;VII. Migration Costs;213
10.3.8;VI. Migration Choice: Information;217
10.3.9;VII. Migration Choice: Choice among Alternatives;219
10.3.10;References;220
11;PART IV:
Selected Case Studies;222
11.1;SECTION A: Migration in the West;222
11.1.1;CHAPTER 13.
Internal Migration in
the Mature American City;224
11.1.1.1;I. Some Economic Aspects of Internal Migration;227
11.1.1.2;II . The Income-Transport Cost Dynamic;234
11.1.1.3;III. The Neighborhood Preference Dynamic;240
11.1.1.4;IV. Conclusions;245
11.1.1.5;Acknowledgments;248
11.1.1.6;References;248
11.1.2;CHAPTER 14.
Urban Growth and Decline
in the United States:
A Study of Migration's Effects
in Two Cities;250
11.1.2.1;I. Introduction;250
11.1.2.2;II. Growth in San Jose;252
11.1.2.3;III. Decline in the City of St. Louis;258
11.1.2.4;IV. Summary and Conclusions;267
11.1.2.5;Acknowledgments;269
11.1.2.6;References;269
11.1.3;CHAPTER 15.
Population Distribution:
Perspectives and Policies;270
11.1.3.1;I. Introduction;270
11.1.3.2;II. Optimum Population: Regulation and
Incentives;270
11.1.3.3;III. The Problem: The Concentration of Population through Urbanization;273
11.1.3.4;IV. Approaches to Control: An Enumeration and Evaluation of the Available Policy Instruments;281
11.1.3.5;V. Conclusions;287
11.1.3.6;Acknowledgments;288
11.1.3.7;References;288
12;PART IV:
Selected Case Studies;290
12.1;SECTION B: Migration in Eastern Europe;290
12.1.1;CHAPTER 16. Economizing on Urbanization in Socialist Countries:
Historical Necessity or Socialist Strategy;292
12.1.1.1;I. Introduction;292
12.1.1.2;II. A Comparison of the Presocialist and Socialist Structure of the East European Economies with Those of the Market Economies;295
12.1.1.3;III. Urbanization and Rural-to-Urban Migration;304
12.1.1.4;APPENDIX TO CHAPTER 16;312
12.1.1.5;Acknowledgments;318
12.1.1.6;References;318
12.1.2;CHAPTER 17.
Internal Migration and
Economic Development
under Socialism:
The Case of Poland;320
12.1.2.1;I. Migration at the Various Stages of Socialism;320
12.1.2.2;II. The Case of Poland: The Pattern and Pace of Migration, 1951-1973;323
12.1.2.3;III. The 1950-1955 Period;328
12.1.2.4;IV. The 1956-1960 Period;333
12.1.2.5;V. The Decade of the 1960s;335
12.1.2.6;VI. The Early 1970s;336
12.1.2.7;VII. Socialist and Nonsocialist Countries: Some Comparative Observations;338
12.1.2.8;References;341
12.1.3;CHAPTER 18.
Yugoslav Development
and Rural-Urban Migration:
The Evidence of the 1961 Census;344
12.1.3.1;I. Introduction;344
12.1.3.2;II. Ravenstein's Laws of Migration—A Respecification;347
12.1.3.3;III. A Test of the Wave Theory in Yugoslavia;351
12.1.3.4;IV. Migration and Labor Transfer in Development;355
12.1.3.5;V. Concluding Remarks;359
12.1.3.6;References;359
13;PART IV:
Selected Case Studies;362
13.1;SECTION C: Special Constraints: Causes and Consequences;362
13.1.1;CHAPTER 19.
The Demographic Effect of
Migration on an Urban Population:
Migration to and from West Berlin, 1952-1971;364
13.1.1.1;I. Introduction;364
13.1.1.2;II. The Trend in the Level of Migration;366
13.1.1.3;III. Age of Male and Female Migrants;373
13.1.1.4;IV. Marital Status of Migrants;380
13.1.1.5;V. Cumulative Migration by Cohort;382
13.1.1.6;VI. The Structure of the Population under the Assumption of No
Migration;388
13.1.1.7;VII. Summary and Conclusions;389
13.1.1.8;References;392
13.1.1.9;APPENDIX;392
13.1.2;CHAPTER 20.
Ethnicity as a Barrier
to Migration in Yugoslavia:
The Evidence from Interregional Flows
and Inmigration to Belgrade;394
13.1.2.1;I. Introduction;394
13.1.2.2;II. Overview of Regional Development and Migration;395
13.1.2.3;III. A Regression Analysis of Interregional Migration;397
13.1.2.4;IV. Ethnic Selectivity in Migration to Belgrade;409
13.1.2.5;V. Conclusion and Implications;412
13.1.2.6;Acknowledgments;413
13.1.2.7;References;413
13.1.2.8;CHAPTER 21.
The Influence of Social
and Geographical Mobility on the
Stability of Kinship Systems:
The Serbian Case;416
13.1.2.9;Acknowledgments;430
13.1.2.10;References;430
13.1.3;CHAPTER 22.
Residence and Work Place
in Dynamic Tension:
A Study in the Dual Labor Market
of a South African Plant;432
13.1.3.1;I. Introduction;432
13.1.3.2;II. Competitive, External, and Internal Markets;433
13.1.3.3;III. Some Socioeconomic Data Concerning the Labor Force of Company X;434
13.1.3.4;IV. Production Processes at the Plant of Company X;437
13.1.3.5;V. Skill Acquisition in the Bottling Hall of Company X;439
13.1.3.6;VI. The Hypotheses to be Tested;441
13.1.3.7;VII. Evaluation of the Hypotheses;444
13.1.3.8;VIII. Conclusion;452
13.1.3.9;References;453
14;PART V:
Migration:
Disciplinary and Systemic
Comparisons;456
14.1;CHAPTER 23.
Internal Migration:
A Comparative Disciplinary View;458
14.1.1;References;476
14.2;CHAPTER 24. Internal Migration: A Comparative Systemic View;478
14.2.1;I. Introduction;478
14.2.2;II. The Economic System and Migration;479
14.2.3;III. Interrelationships between Migration and the Three Systemic Structures;482
14.2.4;IV. Systemic Comparisons;485
14.2.5;V. Migration and Government Policies;491
14.2.6;VI. Concluding Comments;493
14.2.7;References;494
15;Author Index;496
16;Subject Index;502