Dowson / Taylor / Godet The Running-In Process in Tribology

Proceeding of the 8th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology, Held in the Institute National des Science Appliquées de Lyon, France, 8-11 September 1981
1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-1-4831-0209-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 262 Seiten, Web PDF

The Running-In Process in Tribology is a collection of papers presented during the 8th Leeds-Lyon Symposium on Tribology held in the Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Lyon, France in September 1981. The symposium was attended by 87 delegates from 13 countries, which showed a great level of interest on the scientific and industrial problems of running-in. Twenty eight papers are presented in the book, covering basic thermodynamics, mechanics of continuous solids, metallurgy, polymers, profilometry, and surface physics. Major topics such as elastohydrodynamics, roughness, and thermal effects in tribology are discussed as well. Mechanical engineers and materials scientists will find the book very insightful.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Dowson, D.

Taylor, C. M.

Godet, M.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;The Running-in Process in Tribology;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;Introduction;8
6;Session I: INTERACTIONS IN TRIBOLOGY;10
6.1;Chapter 1. Chemostress effect in tribology;12
6.1.1;DISCUSSION;12
6.1.2;References;14
6.2;Chapter 2. The running-in of concentrated steel contacts: a system orientated approach;15
6.2.1;1 INTRODUCTION;15
6.2.2;2 PATTERNS OF RUNNING-IN PROCESSES;15
6.2.3;3 THE TRANSITION DIAGRAM;16
6.2.4;4 RUNNING-IN PROCESS ON INSTANT LOADING;16
6.2.5;5 TRIBOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS;17
6.2.6;6 PROGRAMMED RUNNING-IN PROCEDURES;18
6.2.7;7 DISCUSSION;19
6.2.8;8 CONCLUSIONS;19
6.2.9;APPENDIX;20
6.2.10;References;20
6.3;Discussion;25
6.3.1;PAPER I(i);25
6.3.2;PAPER I(ii);27
7;Session II: FUNDAMENTAL ASPECTS;32
7.1;Chapter 3. Running-in processes affecting friction and wear;34
7.1.1;1 INTRODUCTION;34
7.1.2;2 FRICTION;34
7.1.3;3 WEAR AND TRANSFER;36
7.1.4;4 SUMMARY;37
7.1.5;5 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;37
7.1.6;APPENDIX;38
7.1.7;References;38
7.2;Chapter 4. On the initial stages of wear of dry-bearing composites.;42
7.2.1;1 INTRODUCTION;42
7.2.2;2 BULK MATERIALS;42
7.2.3;3 THIN BEARING LINERS;44
7.2.4;4 DISCUSSION;46
7.2.5;APPENDIX;46
7.2.6;References;46
7.3;Discussion;53
7.3.1;PAPER II(i);53
7.3.2;PAPER II(ii);54
8;Session III: DISC EXPERIMENTS;56
8.1;Chapter 5. Sampling variation in surface profile skewness and kurtosis measurements.;58
8.1.1;Introduction;58
8.1.2;Sampling Variation of ßkewness and Kurtosis;58
8.1.3;Modelling Correlated Processes;58
8.1.4;Sampling Variation from Gaussian Distributions;59
8.1.5;Sampling Variation from Non-Gaussin Distributions;59
8.1.6;Conclusions;60
8.1.7;Acknowledgements;60
8.1.8;References;60
8.2;Chapter 6. Running-in of lubricated Hertzian contacts.;67
8.2.1;1 - INTRODUCTION;67
8.2.2;2 - ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS;67
8.2.3;3 - EXPERIMENTS;67
8.2.4;4 - RESULTS;67
8.2.5;5 - STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF THE RESULTS;68
8.2.6;6 - CONCLUSIONS;68
8.2.7;BIBLIOGRAPHY;68
8.3;Chapter 7. Some experimental aspects of running-in and scuffing failure of steel discs operating under elastohydrodynamic conditions.;71
8.3.1;1 INTRODUCTION;71
8.3.2;2 THE DISC MACHINE;71
8.3.3;3 THE DISCS;72
8.3.4;4 LUBRICANTS;72
8.3.5;5. RUNNING-IN WITH REPEATED CONTACT;72
8.3.6;6 IMPROVEMENT OF BASE OIL SCUFFING RESISTANCE OF DISCS BY RUNNING-IN WITH A LUBRICANT CONTAINING AN E.P. ADDITIVE;73
8.3.7;7 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS;73
8.3.8;8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;73
8.3.9;APPENDIX;73
8.3.10;References;73
8.4;Discussion;80
8.4.1;PAPER III(i);80
8.4.2;PAPER Ill(ii);80
8.4.3;References;82
9;Session IV: GENERAL TECHNIQUES;84
9.1;Chapter 8. On numerical signal processing of an evolutive friction force: characterization of successive stages ofwear regime in dry sliding of steel on steel.;86
9.1.1;I - INTRODUCTION;86
9.1.2;II - THEORITICAL ASPECTS;86
9.1.3;III - APPARATUS AND PROCEDURE;87
9.1.4;IV - TRIBOLOGICAL ANALYSIS AND METALLURGICAL OBSERVATIONS;87
9.1.5;V - SIGNAL PROCESSING RESULTS;89
9.1.6;VI- CONCLUDING REMARKS;92
9.1.7;REFERENCES;92
9.2;Chapter 9. A study of wear measurement in lightly loaded contacts using the thin-layer activation technique.;93
9.2.1;1 INTRODUCTION;93
9.2.2;2 EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS;93
9.2.3;3 PIN IRRADIATION;93
9.2.4;4 WEAR ESTIMATION BY OIL SAMPLING;93
9.2.5;5 DISPLACEMENT OF TRANSFERRED MATERIAL;94
9.2.6;6 RUNNING-IN;95
9.2.7;7 CONCLUSION;95
9.2.8;8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;95
9.2.9;APPENDIX;95
9.2.10;References;95
9.3;Discussion;97
9.3.1;PAPER IV(i);97
9.3.2;PAPER IV (ii);97
10;Session V: FRICTION, FATIGUE AND SCUFFING;98
10.1;Chapter 10. Scuffing of ribbed cylindrical roller bearings carrying combined radial and thrust loading.;100
10.1.1;1 INTRODUCTION;100
10.1.2;2 EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS;101
10.1.3;3 GEOMETRY AND VELOCITY FIELD OF CONTACT;101
10.1.4;4 EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS;102
10.1.5;5 DISCUSSION;103
10.1.6;6 CONCLUSIONS;104
10.1.7;7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;104
10.1.8;APPENDIX;104
10.1.9;References;104
10.2;Chapter 11. Surface effects in rolling contact fatigue: the role of lubricant additives on the incidence of failure.;108
10.2.1;1 INTRODUCTION;108
10.2.2;2 MATERIALS TESTED;108
10.2.3;3 TEST RESULTS;109
10.2.4;4 EXAMINATION OF SPECIMENS;109
10.2.5;5 DEFORMATION DUE TO ROLLING CONTACT;109
10.2.6;6 CONCLUSIONS;110
10.2.7;References;110
10.3;Chapter 12. Surface finish and running-in effects on friction in lubricated sliding.;112
10.3.1;Introduction;112
10.3.2;Experimental Apparatus;112
10.3.3;Experimental Procedure;113
10.3.4;Variation of friction with load;114
10.3.5;Effects of initial ring surface finish;114
10.3.6;Runnirtg-in effects;114
10.3.7;Conclusions;114
10.4;Discussion;120
10.4.1;PAPER V(i).;120
10.4.2;PAPER V(iii);121
11;Session VI: WEAR AND STRESSES;122
11.1;Chapter 13. Modifications to features of counterface topography during the wear of ultra high molecular weight polyethylene against stainless steel.;124
11.1.1;1 INTRODUCTION;124
11.1.2;2 MATERIALS, APPARATUS AND EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES;124
11.1.3;3 RESULTS;126
11.1.4;4 DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS;126
11.1.5;APPENDIX;127
11.1.6;References;127
11.2;Chapter 14. Study of residual stresses during dry sliding of steel on steel.;131
11.2.1;I INTRODUCTION;131
11.2.2;2 MEASUREMENT OF STRESSES BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION;131
11.2.3;3 EXPERIMENTAL WORK;134
11.2.4;4 RESULTS;135
11.2.5;5. CONCLUSION;136
11.2.6;APPENDIX;136
11.2.7;References;136
11.3;Chapter 15. Stresses occurring under a repeated Brinell test.;143
11.3.1;1 INTRODUCTION;143
11.3.2;2 THEORY;144
11.3.3;3 ANALYSIS;144
11.3.4;4 EXPERIMENTAL;145
11.3.5;5. CONCLUSION;146
11.3.6;6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;146
11.3.7;APPENDIX;146
11.3.8;References;146
11.4;Discussion;149
11.4.1;PAPER VI(i);149
11.4.2;References;151
12;Session VII: ENGINES;154
12.1;Chapter 16. Development of a running-in procedure for a locomotive diesel engine.;156
12.1.1;1 INTRODUCTION;156
12.1.2;2 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE;156
12.1.3;3 RESULTS;157
12.1.4;4 CONCLUSIONS;157
12.1.5;5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;157
12.1.6;References;158
12.2;Chapter 17. Ring pack film thickness during running-in.;162
12.2.1;1 INTRODUCTION;162
12.2.2;2 INSTRUMENTATION;162
12.2.3;3 THE ENGINES;163
12.2.4;4 INITIAL RUNNING-IN CONDITIONS;163
12.2.5;5 FILM THICKNESS RESULTS;164
12.2.6;6 DISCUSSION;164
12.2.7;7 CONCLUSIONS;166
12.2.8;8 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;166
12.2.9;APPENDIX;166
12.2.10;References;166
12.3;Chapter 18. The influence of running-in of the twin-land type of oil-control piston ring upon long-term engine oil consumption.;171
12.3.1;1 INTRODUCTION;171
12.3.2;2 BACKGROUND;172
12.3.3;3 RESULTS;173
12.3.4;4 DISCUSSION;174
12.3.5;5 CONCLUSIONS;176
12.3.6;6 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT S;176
12.3.7;APPENDIX;177
12.3.8;References;177
12.4;Discussion;179
12.4.1;PAPER VII(i);179
12.4.2;PAPER VII(ii);179
13;Session VIII: RUNNING-IN OF BEARINGS;180
13.1;Chapter 19. Electro-discharge bearing run-in.;182
13.1.1;1 INTRODUCTION;182
13.1.2;2 METAL REMOVAL;182
13.1.3;3 CONTROL OF PROCESS;182
13.1.4;4 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS;183
13.2;Chapter 20. Studies of the friction transients during break-in of sliding metals;184
13.2.1;1 INTRODUCTION;184
13.2.2;2 APPARATUS;184
13.2.3;3 MATERIALS;184
13.2.4;4 TEST CONDITIONS;185
13.2.5;5 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;185
13.2.6;6. SUMMARY;186
13.2.7;7. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;187
13.2.8;APPENDIX;187
13.2.9;References;187
13.3;Chapter 21. Deformation in heavily loaded rolling contacts.;193
13.3.1;1. INTRODUCTION;193
13.3.2;2. SOME PRELIMINARY TESTS;193
13.3.3;3. ANALYSIS OF RESULTS;194
13.3.4;4. ROLLING CONTACT TESTS;195
13.3.5;5. CONCLUSIONS;195
13.3.6;6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;195
13.3.7;APPENDIX;195
13.3.8;References;195
13.4;Chapter 22. Running-in process of porous bearings observed by use of holographic interferometry.;201
13.4.1;1 INTRODUCTION;201
13.4.2;2 EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUE;201
13.4.3;3 RESULTS OF INVESTIGATIONS;201
13.4.4;CONCLUSIONS;202
13.4.5;References;202
13.5;Discussion;204
13.5.1;PAPER VIII(i);204
13.5.2;PAPER VIII(ii);204
13.5.3;PAPER VIII(iii);205
14;Session IX: CHEMICAL AND MECHANICAL ASPECTS;208
14.1;Chapter 23. Friction induced modifications at the surface of compacted solid lubricants.;210
14.1.1;1. INTRODUCTION;210
14.1.2;2. EXPERIMENTAL PART;210
14.1.3;3. FRICTION RESULTS;211
14.1.4;4 MICROSCOPICAL EXAMINATION OF THE COMPACT;212
14.1.5;5 MICROHARDNESS MEASUREMENTS;213
14.1.6;6 CONCLUSION;213
14.1.7;7 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;213
14.1.8;APPENDIX;213
14.1.9;References;213
14.2;Chapter 24. Tribochemical aspects of the running-in processes in four-ball testing.;219
14.2.1;1. INTRODUCTION;219
14.2.2;2 EXPERIMENTAL;220
14.2.3;3 RESULTS;221
14.2.4;4 DISCUSSION;221
14.2.5;5. CONCLUSION.;223
14.2.6;6. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;223
14.2.7;References.;223
14.3;Discussion;230
14.3.1;PAPER IX(i);230
15;Session X: METALWORKING AND MISCELLANEOUS;234
15.1;Chapter 25. Surface coatings to combat scuffing.;236
15.1.1;1. INTRODUCTION;236
15.1.2;2. TEST EQUIPMENT;236
15.1.3;3. RESULTS;237
15.1.4;4. DISCUSSION;238
15.1.5;5. CONCLUSIONS;238
15.2;Chapter 26. The testing of boundary lubricants in metal working processes.;239
15.2.1;1 INTRODUCTION;239
15.2.2;2 EXPERIMENTAL;239
15.2.3;3 RESULTS;239
15.2.4;4 DISCUSSION;240
15.2.5;5 CONCLUSIONS;240
15.2.6;APPENDIX;241
15.2.7;References;241
15.3;Chapter 27. An experimental study of free rolling of a hard steel ball on an 0.65mm copper coated steel substrate.;243
15.3.1;INTRODUCTION;243
15.3.2;Experimental Set-Up;244
15.3.3;Test Results.;244
15.3.4;Discussion of Results.;244
15.3.5;Conclusions.;245
15.3.6;References.;245
15.4;Discussion;250
15.4.1;PAPER X(i);250
15.4.2;PAPER X(ii);250
15.4.3;Reference.;250
16;General Discussion;252
16.1;A statistical approach to run-in and the dependence of the coefficient of friction on velocity.;252
16.2;The Liquid Phase;253
16.3;The Solid Phase;254
16.4;The Boundary;254
16.5;The Solution;254
16.6;Reference;254
17;List of Authors;256
18;List of Delegates;258
19;Subject Index;262