Doyen Sustainable Management of Natural Resources

Mathematical Models and Methods
1. Auflage 2008
ISBN: 978-3-540-79074-7
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 266 Seiten

Nowadays, environmental issues including air and water pollution, climate change, overexploitation of marine ecosystems, exhaustion of fossil resources, conservation of biodiversity are receiving major attention from the public, stakeholders and scholars from the local to the planetary scales. It is now clearly recognized that human activities yield major ecological and envir- mental stresses with irreversible loss of species, destruction of habitat or c- matecatastrophesasthemostdramaticexamplesoftheire?ects.Infact,these anthropogenic activities impact not only the states and dynamics of natural resources and ecosystems but also alter human health, well-being, welfare and economic wealth since these resources are support features for human life. The numerous outputs furnished by nature include direct goods such as food, drugs, energy along with indirect services such as the carbon cycle, the water cycle and pollination, to cite but a few. Hence, the various ecological changes our world is undergoing draw into question our ability to sustain economic production, wealth and the evolution of technology by taking natural systems into account. The concept of 'sustainable development' covers such concerns, although no universal consensus exists about this notion. Sustainable development - phasizes the need to organize and control the dynamics and the complex - teractions between man, production activities, and natural resources in order to promote their coexistence and their common evolution. It points out the importance of studying the interfaces between society and nature, and es- ciallythecouplingbetweeneconomicsandecology.Itinducesinterdisciplinary scienti?c research for the assessment, the conservation and the management of natural resources.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Doyen, Luc

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
2;Contents;9
3;1 Introduction;12
3.1;Environmental management issues;12
3.2;Mathematical and numerical modeling;16
3.3;Major mathematical material;18
3.4;Content of the textbook;19
3.5;References;22
4;2 Sequential decision models;26
4.1;2.1 Exploitation of an exhaustible resource;27
4.2;2.2 Assessment and management of a renewable resource;28
4.3;2.3 Mitigation policies for carbon dioxyde emissions;35
4.4;2.4 A trophic web and sustainable use values;38
4.5;2.5 A forestry management model;40
4.6;2.6 A single species age-classified model of fishing;42
4.7;2.7 Economic growth with an exhaustible natural resource;46
4.8;2.8 An exploited metapopulation and protected area;48
4.9;2.9 State space mathematical formulation;49
4.10;2.10 Open versus closed loop decisions;55
4.11;2.11 Decision tree and the "curse of the dimensionality”;57
4.12;References;58
5;3 Equilibrium and stability;62
5.1;3.1 Equilibrium states and decisions;63
5.2;3.2 Some examples of equilibria;63
5.3;3.3 Maximum sustainable yield, private property, common property, open access equilibria;66
5.4;3.4 Stability of a stationary open loop equilibrium state;71
5.5;3.5 What about stability for MSE, PPE and CPE?;74
5.6;3.6 Open access, instability and extinction;77
5.7;3.7 Competition for a resource: coexistence vs exclusion;79
5.8;References;82
6;4 Viable sequential decisions;84
6.1;4.1 The viability problem;86
6.2;4.2 Resource management examples under viability constraints;87
6.3;4.3 The viability kernel;91
6.4;4.4 Viability in the autonomous case;94
6.5;4.5 Viable control of an invasive species;97
6.6;4.6 Viable greenhouse gas mitigation;100
6.7;4.7 A bioeconomic precautionary threshold;101
6.8;4.8 The precautionary approach in fisheries management;106
6.9;4.9 Viable forestry management;109
6.10;4.10 Invariance or strong viability;111
6.11;References;115
7;5 Optimal sequential decisions;118
7.1;5.1 Problem formulation;119
7.2;5.2 Dynamic programming for the additive payoff case;123
7.3;5.3 Intergenerational equity for a renewable resource;126
7.4;5.4 Optimal depletion of an exhaustible resource;128
7.5;5.5 Over-exploitation, extinction and inequity;130
7.6;5.6 A cost-effective approach to CO2 mitigation;133
7.7;5.7 Discount factor and extraction path of an open pit mine;136
7.8;5.8 Pontryaguin’s maximum principle for the additive case;142
7.9;5.9 Hotelling rule;145
7.10;5.10 Optimal management of a renewable resource;147
7.11;5.11 The Green Golden rule approach;150
7.12;5.12 Where conservation is optimal;151
7.13;5.13 Chichilnisky approach for exhaustible resources;152
7.14;5.14 The "maximin” approach;155
7.15;5.15 Maximin for an exhaustible resource;159
7.16;References;162
8;6 Sequential decisions under uncertainty;164
8.1;6.1 Uncertain dynamic control system;165
8.2;6.2 Decisions, solution map and feedback strategies;168
8.3;6.3 Probabilistic assumptions and expected value;169
8.4;6.4 Decision criteria under uncertainty;171
8.5;6.5 Management of multi-species harvests;172
8.6;6.6 Robust agricultural land-use and diversi.cation;173
8.7;6.7 Mitigation policies for uncertain carbon dioxyde emissions;174
8.8;6.8 Economic growth with an exhaustible natural resource;177
8.9;References;180
9;7 Robust and stochastic viability;182
9.1;7.1 The uncertain viability problem;183
9.2;7.2 The robust viability problem;183
9.3;7.3 Robust agricultural land-use and diversification;186
9.4;7.4 Sustainable management of marine ecosystems through protected areas: a coral reef case study;189
9.5;7.5 The stochastic viability problem;194
9.6;7.6 From PVA to CVA;196
9.7;References;202
10;8 Robust and stochastic optimization;204
10.1;8.1 Dynamics, constraints, feedbacks and criteria;205
10.2;8.2 The robust optimality problem;206
10.3;8.3 The robust additive payo. case;207
10.4;8.4 Robust harvest of a renewable resource over two periods;210
10.5;8.5 The robust "maximin” approach;211
10.6;8.6 The stochastic optimality problem;212
10.7;8.7 Stochastic management of a renewable resource;216
10.8;8.8 Optimal expected land-use and specialization;221
10.9;8.9 Cost-effectiveness of grazing and bird community management in farmland;223
10.10;References;230
11;9 Sequential decision under imperfect information;232
11.1;9.1 Intertemporal decision problem with imperfect observation;232
11.2;9.2 Value of information;236
11.3;9.3 Precautionary catches;236
11.4;9.4 Information effect in climate change mitigation;240
11.5;9.5 Monotone variation of the value of information and precautionary effect;242
11.6;9.6 Precautionary effect in climate change mitigation;244
11.7;References;246
12;A Appendix. Mathematical Proofs;248
12.1;A.1 Mathematical proofs of Chap. 3;248
12.2;A.2 Mathematical proofs of Chap. 4;250
12.3;A.3 Mathematical proofs of Chap. 5;255
12.4;A.4 Robust and stochastic dynamic programming equations;259
12.5;A.5 Mathematical proofs of Chap. 7;263
12.6;A.6 Mathematical proofs of Chap. 8;264
12.7;A.7 Mathematical proofs of Chap. 9;265
13;References;270
14;Index;272