Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering

4th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering-Invited Lectures
1. Auflage 2007
ISBN: 978-1-4020-5893-6
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 487 Seiten

Autoren/Hrsg.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;PREFACE;6
2;TABLE OF CONTENTS;7
3;CHAPTER 1 SPT- AND CPT-BASED RELATIONSHIPS FOR THE RESIDUAL SHEAR STRENGTH OF LIQUEFIED SOILS;21
3.1;1. Introduction;21
3.2;2. Case history studies;23
3.3;3. SPT-based correlation for residual strength;27
3.4;4. CPT-based correlation for residual strength;32
3.5;5. Concluding remarks;37
3.6;Acknowledgments;40
3.7;REFERENCES;41
4;CHAPTER 2 LONG PERIOD STRONG GROUND MOTION AND ITS USE AS INPUT TO DISPLACEMENT BASED DESIGN;43
4.1;1. Introduction;43
4.2;2. Empirical prediction of displacement spectral response (DRS) over a broad period range;44
4.3;3. Response of alluvium filled valleys and basins;57
4.4;4. Overdamped spectra;63
4.5;5. Hazard representations in spectral displacements;64
4.6;Acknowledgements;68
4.7;Notes;68
4.8;REFERENCES;69
5;CHAPTER 3 SITE EFFECTS: FROM OBSERVATION AND MODELLING TO ACCOUNTING FOR THEM IN BUILDING CODES;73
5.1;1. Introduction;73
5.2;2. Estimation of site effects;75
5.3;3. Modelling site effects. The importance of the model;81
5.4;4. Accounting for site effects in building codes;87
5.5;5. Concluding remarks;89
5.6;Acknowledgements;90
5.7;REFERENCES;90
6;CHAPTER 4 SOURCE AND SITE FACTORS IN MICROZONATION;93
6.1;1. Introduction;93
6.2;2. Input motion;94
6.3;3. Site characterisation;98
6.4;4. Microzonation;100
6.5;5. Spectral accelerations for vulnerability assessments;106
6.6;6. Conclusions;109
6.7;Acknowledgements;110
6.8;REFERENCES;110
7;CHAPTER 5 A REVIEW OF LARGE-SCALE TESTING FACILITIES IN GEOTECHNICAL EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING;113
7.1;1. Introduction;113
7.2;2. Instrumented test sites;115
7.3;3. Mobile laboratories;126
7.4;4. Large-scale testing facilities;133
7.5;5. Earthquake loading aboard geotechnical centrifuges;138
7.6;6. International collaboration;143
7.7;7. Summary and conclusions;147
7.8;REFERENCES;147
8;CHAPTER 6 MODELLING OF DYNAMIC SOIL PROBLEMS;151
8.1;1. Introduction;151
8.2;2. Constitutive modelling framework;152
8.3;3. Fabric, soil stiffness and laboratory geophysics;153
8.4;4. NEMISREF mitigation of foundation response;157
8.5;5. Macroelement analysis;162
8.6;6. Conclusions;167
8.7;Acknowledgements;168
8.8;REFERENCES;168
9;CHAPTER 7 FIELD SEISMIC TESTING IN GEOTECHNICAL EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING;171
9.1;1. Introduction;171
9.2;2. Deeper seismic profiling;172
9.3;3. In-situ parametric studies;174
9.4;4. Conclusions;176
9.5;Acknowledgments;177
9.6;REFERENCES;177
10;CHAPTER 8 LIQUEFACTION STRENGTHS OF POORLY-GRADED AND WELL-GRADED GRANULAR SOILS INVESTIGATED BY LAB TESTS;179
10.1;1. Introduction;179
10.2;2. Effect of grain size curve on S-wave velocity and N-value;183
10.3;3. Effect of grain size distribution on cyclic strength;189
10.4;4. Effect of particle gradation on post-liquefaction behavior;198
10.5;5. Conclusions;202
10.6;Acknowledgments;203
10.7;REFERENCES;203
11;CHAPTER 9 SHALLOW AND DEEP FOUNDATIONS UNDER FAULT RUPTURE OR STRONG SEISMIC SHAKING;205
11.1;1. Introduction;205
11.2;2. Fault-rupture propagation and its interaction with foundations;206
11.3;3. Nonlinear response of shallow foundations to strong seismic excitation;221
11.4;Acknowledgements;230
11.5;REFERENCES;230
12;CHAPTER 10 SEISMIC DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE OF SURFACE FOUNDATIONS;237
12.1;1. Introduction;237
12.2;2. Ultimate limit state design of shallow foundations in Eurocode 8;238
12.3;3. Serviceability limit state design of shallow foundations for earthquake loading;244
12.4;4. Spring models for shallow foundations on soil;248
12.5;5. Integrated design of structure-foundation systems;255
12.6;6. Conclusions;261
12.7;REFERENCES;261
13;CHAPTER 11 LIQUEFACTION PERFORMANCE OF SHALLOW FOUNDATIONS IN PRESENCE OF A SOIL CRUST;265
13.1;1. Introduction;265
13.2;2. Existing background;266
13.3;3. Numerical analysis of liquefaction performance;273
13.4;4. Evaluation of degraded bearing capacity;276
13.5;5. Evaluation of liquefaction settlements;280
13.6;6. Performance-based design issues;286
13.7;7. Concluding remarks;291
13.8;Acknowledgments;293
13.9;REFERENCES;293
14;CHAPTER 12 SEISMIC DESIGN OF PILE FOUNDATIONS FOR LIQUEFACTION EFFECTS;297
14.1;1. Introduction;297
14.2;2. Pile groups in laterally spreading ground;298
14.3;3. Pinning effects for approach embankments;312
14.4;4. Other issues and considerations;319
14.5;5. Summary remarks;320
14.6;Acknowledgments;320
14.7;REFERENCES;321
15;CHAPTER 13 SEISMIC ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF GEOTECHNICAL STRUCTURES;323
15.1;1. Introduction;323
15.2;2. Assemblage of soil particles;324
15.3;3. Some findings on seismic analysis;330
15.4;4. Performance-based design;336
15.5;5. Emerging trends in design;340
15.6;6. Designing large urban areas against combined hazards;341
15.7;7. Conclusions;343
15.8;REFERENCES;344
16;CHAPTER 14 SIMPLIFIED SEISMIC SLOPE DISPLACEMENT PROCEDURES;347
16.1;1. Introduction;347
16.2;2. Seismic displacement analysis;348
16.3;3. Components of a seismic displacement analysis;349
16.4;4. Critique of some simplified seismic displacement methods;354
16.5;5. Bray and Travasarou (2007) simplified seismic displacement procedure;360
16.6;6. Conclusions;370
16.7;Acknowledgments;370
16.8;REFERENCES;371
17;CHAPTER 15 DEVELOPMENTS OF SOIL IMPROVEMENT TECHNOLOGIES FOR MITIGATION OF LIQUEFACTION RISK;375
17.1;1. Introduction;375
17.2;2. Sand densification;376
17.3;3. Soil improvement by grouting;385
17.4;4. Dissipation of excess pore water pressure;396
17.5;5. Conclusion;402
17.6;Acknowledgements;402
17.7;REFERENCES;402
18;CHAPTER 16 REMEDIATION METHODS AGAINST LIQUEFACTION WHICH CAN BE APPLIED TO EXISTING STRUCTURES;405
18.1;1. Introduction;405
18.2;2. Remediation methods against liquefaction compiled in 1993 ( partially quoted from Yasuda, 2005a);406
18.3;3. Restrictions to be considered in remediation techniques for existing structures;406
18.4;4. Remediation methods for existing raft foundations;410
18.5;5. Remediation methods for existing pile foundations;413
18.6;6. Remediation methods for existing embankments;414
18.7;7. Remediation methods for existing sea walls;416
18.8;8. Remediation methods for existing buried structures;418
18.9;9. Remediation methods for existing structures affected by ground flow;420
18.10;10. Concluding remarks;424
18.11;REFERENCES;425
19;CHAPTER 17 LIFELINE PERFORMANCE UNDER EXTREME LOADING DURING EARTHQUAKES;427
19.1;1. Introduction;427
19.2;2. Geotechnical earthquake loading;429
19.3;3. Lifeline system response to earthquakes;431
19.4;4. Large-scale tests of ground rupture effects on steel pipelines with elbows;436
19.5;5. Lateral soil-structure interaction during ground failure;438
19.6;6. Large-scale tests of ground rupture effects on HDPE pipelines;445
19.7;7. Concluding remarks;449
19.8;Acknowledgments;450
19.9;REFERENCES;451
20;CHAPTER 18 SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT OF UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES UNDER TRANSIENT GROUND DEFORMATIONS;453
20.1;1. Introduction;453
20.2;2. Earthquake-induced transient ground strains;455
20.3;3. Hazard maps and seismic risk assessment of underground pipeline systems;465
20.4;4. Application examples;467
20.5;5. Conclusions;476
20.6;Acknowledgments;476
20.7;REFERENCES;477
21;CHAPTER 19 ISSUES IN SEISMIC RISK ASSESSMENT OF TRANSPORTATION NETWORKS;481
21.1;1. Introduction;481
21.2;2. Overview of transportation risk assessment;483
21.3;3. Application to the San Francisco Bay Area Transportation Network;492
21.4;4. Conclusions;499
21.5;Acknowledgment;499
21.6;REFERENCES;499
22;Index;501