Engineering Against Fracture

Proceedings of the 1st Conference
1. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-1-4020-9402-6
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 581 Seiten

Within the last thirty years there is a growing acknowledgement that prevention of catastrophic failures necessitates engagement of a large pool of expertise. Herein it is not excessive to seek advice from disciplines like materials science, structural engineering, mathematics, physics, reliability engineering and even economics. Today’s engineering goals, independently of size; do not have the luxury of being outsideaglobalperspective.Survivaloftheintegratedmarketsand?nancialsystems require a web of safe transportation, energy production and product manufacturing. It is perhaps the ?rst decade in engineering history that multidisciplinary - proaching is not just an idea that needs to materialise but has matured beyond infancy. We can witness such transition by examining engineering job descriptions and postgraduate curricula. The undertaking of organising a conference to re?ect the above was not easy and de?nitely, not something that was brought to life without a lot of work and c- st mitment. The 1 Conference of Engineering Against Fracture from its conceptual day until completion was designed in a way of underlying the need of bringing all the key players on a common ground that once properly cultivated can ?ourish. To achieve that the conference themes were numerous and despite their, in principle notional differences, it was apparent that the attendees established such common ground through argumentation. The reader can see this from the variety of research areas re?ected by the works and keynote lecturers presented.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
2;Contents;7
3;Ball-Burnishing and Roller-Burnishing to Improve Fatigue Performance of Structural Alloys;12
3.1;1 Introduction;12
3.2;2 Experimental;13
3.3;3 Results and Discussion;14
3.4;References;21
4;Dual Scale Fatigue Crack Monitoring Scheme Considering Random Material, Geometric and Load Characteristics;23
4.1;1 Introduction;24
4.2;2 Micro/Macro Fatigue Crack Growth Model;25
4.3;3 Determination of Crack Growth History;27
4.4;4 Physical Model of Random Material Properties;28
4.5;and FutureWork;37
4.6;5 Concluding Remarks;37
4.7;References;39
5;Exploitation of the TRIP Effect for the Development of Formable, Fracture and Fatigue Resistant Steels for Automotive Applications;40
5.1;1 Introduction;41
5.2;2 Austenite Stabilization;41
5.3;3 Kinetics of the Mechanically-Induced Transformation;45
5.4;4 Enhancement of Formability;45
5.5;5 Enhancement of Fracture Toughness;46
5.6;6 Implications on Fatigue Resistance;48
5.7;References;49
6;Hybrid Metal Laminates for Low Weight Fuselage Structures;50
6.1;1 Introduction;50
6.2;2 Current Challenges for a Metallic Fuselage;51
6.3;3 Experimental Investigations;52
6.4;4 Fuselage Structural Design with MLs;55
6.5;5 Static Stability of Metal Bonded Structures;56
6.6;6 Curved Shell Under Pressurization and Biaxial Loads;58
6.7;7 Conclusions;65
6.8;References;66
7;Multifunctional Materials Used in Automotive Industry: A Critical Review;67
7.1;1 Introduction;67
7.2;2 Materials Used in Automotive Industry;68
7.3;3 Multi-material Approach in Automotive Industry;74
7.4;4 Conclusions;75
7.5;References;76
8;Session I Engineering Properties;79
8.1;Effect of Talc Filler Content on Poly(Propylene) Composite Mechanical Properties;80
8.1.1;1 Introduction;80
8.1.2;2 Experimental;81
8.1.3;3 Results and Discussion;83
8.1.4;4 Conclusions;86
8.1.5;References;86
8.2;Fracture Properties of Polypropylene Reinforced with Short Glass Fibres: The In.uence of Temperature, Notch Length and Geometry;88
8.2.1;1 Introduction;88
8.2.2;2 Materials and Experimental Technique;89
8.2.3;3 Results and Discussion;93
8.2.4;4 Conclusion;97
8.2.5;References;98
8.3;Influence of Width of Specimen on Tensile Properties of NiCo Thin Film;99
8.3.1;1 Introduction;99
8.3.2;2 Experimental Procedures;100
8.3.3;3 Results and Discussion;103
8.3.4;4 Summary and Conclusions;106
8.3.5;References;108
9;Session II Fatigue Damage Physics and Modeling;109
9.1;Dynamic Properties and Fatigue Failure of Aircraft Component;110
9.1.1;1 Introduction;110
9.1.2;2 The Method of ConcentratedWeights;112
9.1.3;3 The Analysis of Dynamic Characteristics of a Beam Under Ideal Boundary Conditions;114
9.1.4;4 The Account of In.uence of Non-classic Internal and External Constraints;115
9.1.5;5 The Estimation of Nominal Stress of a Beam Under its Form Bended Axes;117
9.1.6;6 Conclusions;119
9.1.7;References;119
9.2;Investigation of the Fatigue Behaviour of the Structural Magnesium Alloy AZ31;120
9.2.1;1 Introduction;120
9.2.2;2 Material and Experimental Procedure;121
9.2.3;3 Results and Discussion;122
9.2.4;4 Conclusions;128
9.2.5;References;129
10;Session III Engineering Properties II;130
10.1;Coulomb Failure Surfaces in Ductile Non Linear Elastic Materials;131
10.1.1;1 Introduction;131
10.1.2;2 Theoretical Considerations;132
10.1.3;3 Application in Case of a Mild Steel;136
10.1.4;4 Conclusions;138
10.1.5;References;139
10.2;Effect of Stress on the Fire Reaction Properties of Polymer Composite Laminates;140
10.2.1;1 Introduction;140
10.2.2;2 Materials and Experimental;143
10.2.3;3 Results and Discussion;146
10.2.4;4 Conclusions;155
10.2.5;References;156
10.3;Investigation of Failure and Failure Progression in Stiffened Composite Structures;158
10.3.1;1 Introduction;158
10.3.2;2 Analysis Tool;159
10.3.3;3 Experimental Investigation;162
10.3.4;4 Numerical Simulation;165
10.3.5;5 Conclusions;169
10.3.6;References;169
10.4;Next Generation Composite Aircraft Fuselage Materials under Post-crash Fire Conditions;171
10.4.1;1 Introduction;172
10.4.2;2 Materials and Experimental;173
10.4.3;3 Results and Discussion;175
10.4.4;4 Modelling and Results;179
10.4.5;5 Conclusions;182
10.4.6;References;183
10.5;Progressive Fracture Analysis of Planar Lattices and Shape-Morphing Kagome Structure;184
10.5.1;1 Introduction;184
10.5.2;2 Problem De.nition;185
10.5.3;3 FE Analysis;186
10.5.4;4 Numerical Results;188
10.5.5;5 Conclusions;192
10.5.6;References;192
11;Session IV Fatigue Damage (Experimental);193
11.1;Fatigue Behavior of Non-crimp Fabrics;194
11.1.1;1 Introduction;194
11.1.2;2 Specimens;195
11.1.3;3 Testing;196
11.1.4;4 Results;198
11.1.5;5 Conclusions;201
11.1.6;References;201
11.2;Fatigue Crack Growth Assessment of Corroded Aluminum Alloys;203
11.2.1;1 Introduction;203
11.2.2;2 Corrosion-Dependent Local Fracture Toughness;204
11.2.3;3 Fatigue Crack Growth Code;205
11.2.4;4 Stress Spectrum Simulation;206
11.2.5;5 Fatigue Crack Growth Calculation;206
11.2.6;6 Implementation of Crack Growth Model for Corroded Material;208
11.2.7;7 Summary;211
11.2.8;References;211
11.3;Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior under Spectrum Loading;213
11.3.1;1 Introduction;213
11.3.2;2 Experimental Setup;214
11.3.3;3 Results;219
11.3.4;4 Discussion;222
11.3.5;5 Conclusions;230
11.3.6;References;230
11.4;Small Crack in a Simulated Columnar Polycrystalline Aggregate with Random 2D and 3D Lattice Orientations;232
11.4.1;1 Introduction;232
11.4.2;2 Model description;233
11.4.3;3 Results;238
11.4.4;4 Summary;242
11.4.5;References;243
11.5;Thermo-Mechanical Methods for Improving Fatigue Performance of Wrought Magnesium Alloys;245
11.5.1;1 Introduction;245
11.5.2;2 Experimental;246
11.5.3;3 Results and Discussion;246
11.5.4;4 Conclusions;252
11.5.5;References;252
12;Session V Applied Fracture Mechanics;254
12.1;Investigations on Fracture of Collector Copper Lamellas;255
12.1.1;1 Introduction;255
12.1.2;2 The Collector Assembly;256
12.1.3;3 The Notch Stress Intensity Factor;258
12.1.4;4 Numerical Analysis of the Stress Field in Copper Lamella;259
12.1.5;5 Crack Initiation;260
12.1.6;6 Crack Propagation;263
12.1.7;7 Conclusions;264
12.1.8;References;266
12.2;The Regularities of Fatigue Crack Growth in Airframes Elements at Real Operation Conditions;268
12.2.1;1 Introduction;268
12.2.2;2 Some Problems of Fatigue Damage Predicting;270
12.2.3;3 Indication of Fatigue Crack Growth;273
12.2.4;4 Conclusions;278
12.2.5;References;278
13;Session VI Engineering Applications;281
13.1;Fracture in Electronics;282
13.1.1;1 Introduction;282
13.1.2;2 Fundamentals of Electronics Equipment;283
13.1.3;3 The Special Challenges in Electronics;284
13.1.4;4 Modes of Failure;287
13.1.5;5 Case Studies;290
13.1.6;6 Concluding Comments;294
13.1.7;References;295
13.2;Improving the Crashworthiness of Aluminium Rail Vehicles;296
13.2.1;1 Introduction;297
13.2.2;2 Experimental;297
13.2.3;3 Modeling;302
13.2.4;4 Welded Joint Design;305
13.2.5;5 Conclusions;307
13.2.6;References;308
13.3;Information Fusion in Ad hocWireless Sensor Networks for Aircraft Health Monitoring;309
13.3.1;1 Introduction;309
13.3.2;2 Wireless Sensor Nodes;310
13.3.3;3 Sensors for Structural Health Monitoring;311
13.3.4;4 Wireless Sensor Network;312
13.3.5;5 Information Fusion;313
13.3.6;6 Summary;315
13.3.7;References;316
13.4;Roll Forming of AHSS: Numerical Simulation and Investigation of Effects of Main Process Parameters on Quality;317
13.4.1;1 Introduction;317
13.4.2;2 Background and PreviousWork;318
13.4.3;3 Modeling of Roll Forming Process;319
13.4.4;4 Results and Discussion;320
13.4.5;5 Conclusions and FutureWork;325
13.4.6;References;326
14;Session VII Scale Effects and Modeling;327
14.1;Dependency of Micro-mechanical Properties of Gold Thin Films on Grain Size;328
14.1.1;1 Introduction;328
14.1.2;2 Experimental Procedure;329
14.1.3;3 Results and Discussion;331
14.1.4;4 Summary and Conclusions;334
14.1.5;References;334
14.2;Fracture and Failure in Micro- and Nano-Scale;336
14.2.1;1 Introduction;337
14.2.2;2 Experimental;338
14.2.3;3 Results;339
14.2.4;4 Discussion–Conclusions;342
14.2.5;References;343
14.3;Local, Semilocal and Nominal Approaches to Estimate the Fatigue Strength of Welded Joints;345
14.3.1;1 Introduction;345
14.3.2;2 Parameters Affecting the Applicability of the Approach;351
14.3.3;3 Conclusions;355
14.3.4;References;355
14.4;Superficial Strength Properties Modification of 2024 Aluminum Specimens Subjected to Cyclic Loading, Detected by Nanoindentations;357
14.4.1;1 Introduction;357
14.4.2;2 Specimens’ Super.cial Hardness Increase at Repeatedly Loads Through Nanoindentation Measurements;359
14.4.3;3 Indentation Depth Alteration Versus the Operational Cycles and Local Material Stressing at Various Stress Gradients;361
14.4.4;4 Super.cial Strength Properties Alteration Versus the Operational Cycles and Local Material Stressing at Various Stress Gradients;363
14.4.5;5 Conclusions;365
14.4.6;References;366
15;Session VIII Surface Treatments and Engineering;368
15.1;Characterisation of Residual Stresses Generated by Laser Shock Peening by Neutron and Synchrotron Diffraction;369
15.1.1;1 Introduction;370
15.1.2;2 Experimental;371
15.1.3;3 Results and Discussion;376
15.1.4;4 Conclusions;383
15.1.5;References;384
15.2;Dry Ice Blasting – Energy-Ef.ciency and New Fields of Application;385
15.2.1;1 Introduction;385
15.2.2;2 Solid Carbon dioxide;386
15.2.3;3 Dry Ice Blasting;386
15.2.4;4 Centrifugal Wheel Blasting with Sensitive Blasting Media;387
15.2.5;5 Surface Pre-treatment;389
15.2.6;6 Conclusions;395
15.2.7;References;395
15.3;Fatigue Life Improvement for Cruciform Welded Joint by Mechanical Surface Treatment using Hammer Peening and UNSM;396
15.3.1;1 Introduction;396
15.3.2;2 Specimens and Procedures of Post Treatment;397
15.3.3;3 Geometry of Weld Bead and Welding Residual Stress;399
15.3.4;4 Calculation of Fatigue Life;400
15.3.5;5 Results and Discussion;402
15.3.6;6 Summary;403
15.3.7;References;403
15.4;The use of Ultrasonic Impact Treatment to Extend the Fatigue Life of Integral Aerospace Structures;405
15.4.1;1 Introduction;405
15.4.2;2 Experimental Investigation;406
15.4.3;3 Conclusions;413
15.4.4;References;414
16;Session IX Theoretical Fracture Mechanics and Modeling I;415
16.1;Analysis of Crack Patterns Under Three-Dimensional Residual Stress Field;416
16.1.1;1 Introduction;416
16.1.2;2 Cracked Plate under RS Field;417
16.1.3;3 Analysis of Stiffened Panels;419
16.1.4;4 Conclusions;423
16.1.5;References;423
16.2;BEM Solutions of Crack Problems in Gradient Elasticity;425
16.2.1;1 Introduction;426
16.2.2;2 Simpli.ed Form II Gradient Elastic Theory;427
16.2.3;3 Special Elements with Variable Order of Singularity;429
16.2.4;4 BEM Procedure and SIF Calculation;430
16.2.5;5 3D Mode I Crack Problem: Numerical Results;432
16.2.6;6 Conclusions;434
16.2.7;References;434
16.3;Fracture Analysis of Medium Density Polyethylene;436
16.3.1;1 Introduction;436
16.3.2;2 Reference Stress Based J Estimation for Surface Cracked Pipe;437
16.3.3;3 C-Integral Estimation for MDPE;442
16.3.4;4 Conclusions;444
16.3.5;References;445
17;Session X Structural Analysis (Metals);446
17.1;Buckling Evaluation in Case of Complicated Stress Condition;447
17.1.1;1 Introduction;447
17.1.2;2 Probability Analysis for Buckling Stresses;448
17.1.3;3 Buckling Criterion in Case of Complicated Stress Condition;451
17.1.4;4 Experimental;452
17.1.5;5 Conclusions;454
17.1.6;References;454
17.2;Comparison of Two Currently used and One Proposed Seismic Design Methods for Steel Structures;456
17.2.1;1 Introduction;456
17.2.2;2 Force Based Design (FBD);457
17.2.3;3 Direct Displacement Based Design (DDBD);458
17.2.4;4 Hybrid Force/Displacement Based Design (HFD);461
17.2.5;5 Comparison of the Methods Through a Design Example;462
17.2.6;References;464
17.3;Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Failure Pressure of Valve Housing;466
17.3.1;1 Introduction;466
17.3.2;2 Experiments;468
17.3.3;3 Finite Element Analysis;470
17.3.4;4 Finite Element Results and Comparison with the Experiment;472
17.3.5;5 Allowable Pressure;474
17.3.6;6 Conclusion;475
17.3.7;References;476
17.4;Fracture Analysis of a Bolted Joint of a Large Pump Frame of a Desalination Plant;477
17.4.1;1 Introduction;477
17.4.2;2 Description of the Case-Study;478
17.4.3;3 Investigation Activity;479
17.4.4;4 FE Modeling of the as Built Structure;481
17.4.5;5 FE Modeling of Possible Retro.tting Solutions;483
17.4.6;6 Re.nements of Retro.tting Works;487
17.4.7;7 Conclusions;489
17.4.8;References;490
17.5;The Accurate Prediction of the Thermal Response of Welded Structures Based on the Finite Element Method: Myth or Reality?;491
17.5.1;1 Introduction;492
17.5.2;2 Experimental Set-Up;493
17.5.3;3 Numerical Modelling;495
17.5.4;4 Prediction Results and Discussion;497
17.5.5;5 The Adaptation Procedure, Results and Discussion;500
17.5.6;6 Conclusions;505
17.5.7;References;506
18;Session XI Theoretical Fracture Mechanics and Modeling II;508
18.1;Application of a Fracture Methodology for Studying the Mechanics that Govern Failure of Aluminum Structures;509
18.1.1;1 Introduction;510
18.1.2;2 Methodology Description;511
18.1.3;3 Numerical Simulations;513
18.1.4;4 Analysis and Results;514
18.1.5;5 Experimental Program;514
18.1.6;6 Synopsis;524
18.1.7;References;525
18.2;BEM Prediction of TBC Fracture Resistance;526
18.2.1;1 Introduction;526
18.2.2;2 Boundary Element Analysis of Time Dependent Thermo-elasticity;527
18.2.3;3 Calculation of Fracture Parameters;530
18.2.4;4 Numerical Results and Discussion;530
18.2.5;5 Conclusions;534
18.2.6;References;535
19;Session XII Structural Analysis Composites;536
19.1;A Numerical Investigation of Fractured Sandwich Composites under Flexural Loading;537
19.1.1;1 Introduction;537
19.1.2;2 Nature of the Problem;538
19.1.3;3 Numerical Investigation;539
19.1.4;4 Numerical Results;540
19.1.5;5 Summary;543
19.1.6;References;544
19.2;Mechanical Properties and Failure Investigation of Metallic Open Lattice Cellular Structures;546
19.2.1;1 Introduction;546
19.2.2;2 Conclusions;553
19.2.3;References;554