Faybishenko / Nicholson / Shestopalov Groundwater Vulnerability

Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-118-96220-6
Verlag: John Wiley & Sons
Format: EPUB
Kopierschutz: 0 - No protection

E-Book, Englisch, 136 Seiten, E-Book

Reihe: Special Publications

The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) disaster that occurredin Ukraine on April 26, 1986, was one of the most devastating inhuman history. Using this as a case study, the AGU monographGroundwater Vulnerability: Chernobyl Nuclear Disaster isdevoted to the problem of groundwater vulnerability, where theresults of long-term field and modeling investigations ofradionuclide transport in soil and groundwater, within theUkrainian part of the Dnieper River basin (Kyiv region of Ukraine),are discussed. The authors provide a comprehensive review ofexisting literature on the assessment of groundwater vulnerabilityand then describe an improved methodology, which is developed basedon integration of the methods of hydrogeological zonation andmodeling of anomalously fast migration of radioactive contaminantsfrom the land surface toward groundwater. This volume alsoincludes the evaluation of the effect of preferential and episodicflow on transport of radionuclides toward the aquifers and riskassessment of groundwater vulnerability, which can further assistfuture researchers in developing remediation technologies forimproving drinking water quality. Further, this volume sheds lighton the consequences of groundwater contamination from nucleardisasters and assists with assessing the risks associated withcontamination and developing effective remediationtechnologies.
Volume highlights include discussions of the following:
- Assessment of groundwater vulnerability to contamination from theChernobyl nuclear disaster
- Novel analytical results of the 25-year investigations ofgroundwater contamination caused by Chernobyl-bornradionuclides
- The wealth of data on different modes of radioactive transport inthe atmosphere, water, and soils, and along the food chains
- The hydrogeological and physico-chemical processes and factors ingroundwater contaminated zones
- The applicability of commonly used methods of the evaluation ofgroundwater vulnerability
- A unique method of fluid dynamics that involves an anomalouslyfast migration of contaminants through zones of preferential flowfrom the land surface toward groundwater
- Building confidence in the assessment of migration pathways ofradionuclides in the biosphere
- Assessment and prediction of the consequences of the nuclearaccident, which can shed light on protection from global nuclearaccidents
- Analogue information for different nuclear waste disposal andenvironmental projects around the world

Autoren/Hrsg.

Faybishenko, Boris

Nicholson, Thomas J.

Shestopalov, Vyacheslav

Bohuslavsky, Alexander

Bublias, Volodymir

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Abstract v
Introduction: Importance of Lessons Learned from Assessment of Groundwater Vulnerability at Chernobyl vii
1. Methods of Groundwater Vulnerability and Protectability Assessment 1
1.1. Method of hydrogeological zoning 2
1.2. Index methods 3
1.3. Parametric methods 9
1.4. Modeling methods 19
2. Chernobyl-Born Radionuclides in Geological Environment 25
3.Preferential Flow and Migration Zones in Geological Environment 39
3.1. State of problem study 39
3.2. PFMz classification and occurrence 41
3.3. Methodological approaches of PFMZ study 47
3.4. Indicators of PFMZ activity in depressions 53
3.5. Preliminary evaluations of PFMZ influence on upper groundwater 57
3.6. Practical importance of PFMZ 60
4. Methodology of Groundwater Vulnerability and Protectability Assessment 65
4.1. General consideration 65
4.2. Vulnerability and protectability assessment for upper groundwater (Unconfined Aquifer) 70
4.3. Vulnerability and protectability assessment for confined aquifers 73
5. Groundwater Vulnerability and Protectability to Chernobyl-Born Radionuclide 81
5.1. Upper groundwater 81
5.2. Confined aquifers 93
6. Summary 101
References 105
Index 115