Fugelsang Wine Microbiology

Erscheinungsjahr 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4757-6970-8
Verlag: Springer US
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 245 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Engineering (R0)

Winemaking from the vineyard to shipment of the bottled product is a series of challenges for winemaking staff. The introductory narrative of this book is designed to be an overview, from the wine microbiologist’s point of view, of those critical junctures in the process (CCPs) that are of concern in wine quality as well as intervention/control programs to address them. The second edition has been revised and updated with recent data and conclusions in all chapters. New to this edition: 1) additional micrographs; 2) chapter on laboratory safety; 3) collection of laboratory methods; and 4) expanded Appendices. The book builds upon the foundation of its highly successful predecessor with emphasis on modern molecular methods.

Zielgruppe

Research

Autoren/Hrsg.

Fugelsang, Kenneth C.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1: The Lactic Acid Bacteria.- 2: Acetic Acid Bacteria.- 3: Yeasts and Molds.- 4: Prefermentation Processing.- 5: Fermentation and Post-Fermentation Processing.- 6: Bottling.- 7: Winery Sanitation.- Appendix A: Basic Microscopy and Laboratory Setup.- A.1 Microscope.- Magnification.- Resolution.- Contrast.- A.2 Centrifuge/Filters.- A.3 Autoclave.- A.4 Incubator.- A.5 Waterbaths.- A.6 Disposable Versus Reusable Pipettes.- A.7 Media.- A.8 Miscellaneous Supplies.- A.9 Alternatives.- Appendix B: Media Preparation and Transfer Techniques.- B.1 Introduction.- B.2 Physical/Chemical Requirements for Media.- B.2.1 Utilizable Source of Carbon and Nitrogen.- B.2.2 Oxygen Requirements.- B.2.3 Hydrogen Ion Concentration (pH).- B.2.5 Incubation Temperature.- B.3 Sterilization of Laboratory Media and Supplies.- B.3.1 Steam Sterilization.- B.3.2 Boiling Water.- B.3.3 Dry Heat.- B.3.4 Sterile Filtration.- B.3.5 Chemical Sterilization.- Ethylene Oxide.- Dimethyldicarbonate.- Ethanol.- B.4 Media Preparation.- B.4.1 Fermentation Broths.- B.4.2 Solidified Media.- Plates.- Slants (Slopes).- Agar Deeps.- B.5 Sterile Transfer Techniques.- B.5.1 Transfers from Plate to Plate (“Streaking for Isolation”).- B.5.2 Transfer from Slant to Slant.- B.5.3 Transfer Between Agar “Deeps”.- B.5.4 Transfer from Plates to Liquids.- B.5.5 Liquid-to-Liquid and Liquid-to-Solid Transfers (Using Pipettes).- Appendix C: Estimation of Population Density.- C.1 Introduction.- C.2 Preparation of Dilutions.- C.3 Population Measurements (Plating or Indirect Methods).- C.3.1 Pour-Plate Technique.- C.3.2 Spread-Plate Technique.- C.3.3 Membrane Filtration.- C.4 Microscopic (Direct) Examination Using Viability Stains.- C.4.1 Methylene blue.- C.4.2 Ponceau-S.- C.4.3 Walford’s stain.- C.4.4 Viable Cell Counting.- C.4.5Epifluorescence Methods.- C.4.6 Bioluminescence.- C.5 Recent Technology.- C.5.1 Immunochemical Techniques.- Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA).- Immunochemical Fluorescence Microscopy.- C.5.2 Identification Methods.- Nucleic Acid Hybridization Probes.- Polymerase Chain Reaction.- Protein Characterization (“Fingerprinting”).- Appendix D: Chemical/Physical Instabilities.- D.1 Introduction.- D.2 Crystalline Deposits.- D.2.1 Potassium Bitartrate and Calcium Tartrate.- pH Test for Potassium Bitartrate and Calcium Tartrate.- Test for Calcium.- D.2.2 “Crystallike” Particulates (Cork Dust).- D.2.3 Diatomaceous Earth.- D.3 Fibrous Materials (Cellulose and Asbestos).- D.4 Amorphous Precipitates.- D.4.1 Protein/Phenolics.- D.4.2 Alternative Test for Protein (Tannic Acid Precipitation).- D.4.3 Phenolics.- D.4.4 Alternative Procedure for Phenolics.- D.5 Pectins, Glucans, and Other Polysaccharides.- D.5.1 Glucan Instability.- D.5.2 Pectin Instability.- D.5.3 Starch Instability.- D.6.1 Metal Instabilities.- D.6.2 Potential Metal Instabilities (Prebottling).