Gerebtzoff / Alexander / Bacq Cholinesterases

A Histochemical Contribution to the Solution of Some Functional Problems
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-2127-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 204 Seiten, Web PDF

Modern Trends in Physiological Sciences, Volume 3: Cholinesterases: A Histochemical Contribution to the Solution of Some Functional Problems covers the histochemical aspects of humoral and tissue cholinesterases, both inside and outside of the nervous system. This volume is composed of three part encompassing 14 chapters. The first part describes the link between cholinesterases and serum and between acetylcholinesterase and erythrocytes. This part also deals with the histochemical measurement of acetylcholinesterase activity in the erythrocytes or platelets of some mammalian species, with an emphasis on delineating the possible role of this enzyme in maintaining the integrity of these cells. The remaining two parts discuss the convergence of morphological, physiological, and biochemical research on tissue cholinesterases. These parts also describe the general features of the localization of cholinesterases at nerve-endings in tissues and organs. Histochemical investigations of tissular cholinesterases outside the nervous system, such as in smooth muscle fibers, are also presented. This book will be of value to physiologists, enzyme scientists and researchers, cell biologists, and histochemists.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Gerebtzoff, M. A.

Alexander, P.

Bacq, Z. M.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover
;1
2;Cholinesterases: A Histochemical Contribution to the Solution of Some Functional Problems;4
3;Copyright Page
;5
4;Table of Contents
;6
5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
;8
6;INTRODUCTION;10
6.1;1. Scope and limitations of histochemical methods;10
6.2;2. Acetylcholine, choline acetylase and cholinesterases;10
6.3;3. Choice of a histochemical technique;12
7;Part I: HUMORAL CHOLINESTERASES
;16
7.1;CHAPTER I. Plasmatic and Hepatic Cholinesterases
;17
7.1.1;1. The probability of a hepatic origin of plasmatic cholinesterases;17
7.1.2;2. The dual localization of hepatic cholinesterases;19
7.1.3;3. Hepatic and plasmatic cholinesterases and assimilation of food;21
7.2;CHAPTER II. Erythrocytic and Thrombocytic Acetylcholinesterase, The Haemopoietic Organs and the Placenta
;26
7.2.1;1. Acetylcholinesterase activity of blood cells;26
7.2.2;2. Erythroblastic and megakaryocytic acetylcholinesterase;27
7.2.3;3. Other sites of cholinesterases in haemopoietic organs;30
7.2.4;4. The placenta and maternal contribution to the acetylcholinesterase activity of fœtal blood cells

;32
7.2.5;5. Cholinesterases and cellular permeability;39
7.2.6;ADDENDUM;41
8;Part II: TISSUE CHOLINESTERASES IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND TYPES OF LOCALIZATION AT NERVE-ENDINGS
;42
8.1;CHAPTER I. Morphogenetic Study of Acetyl
cholinesterase in Nervous System andSkeletal Muscle ;45
8.1.1;1. Early biochemical differentiation of neuroblasts and myoblasts;45
8.1.2;2. Evolution of acetylcholinesterase activity of nerve fibres during development
;52
8.2;CHAPTER II. Phylogenetic Study of Acetylcholinesterase in Nerve Fibres
;56
8.2.1;1. Invertebrates;56
8.2.2;2. Vertebrates;58
8.3;CHAPTER III. Acetylcholinesterase in Peripheral Nervous System
;60
8.3.1;1. Afferent fibres and sensory nerve-endings;60
8.3.2;2. Motor fibres and myo-neural junctions;63
8.3.3;3. Preganglionic fibres and orthosympathetic ganglia;70
8.3.4;4. Preganglionic sympathetic innervation of suprarenal medulla;72
8.3.5;5. Parasympathetic ganglia and postganglionic fibres;75
8.3.6;6. The different sites of acetylcholinesterase at parasympathetic nerve-endings
;76
8.3.7;ADDENDUM;82
8.4;CHAPTER IV. Acetylcholinesterase in Central Nervous System
;83
8.4.1;1. Central cholinergic transmission. Synaptic localization of acetylcholinesterase
;83
8.4.2;2. Central non-cholinergic transmission: convergence of cholinergic and non-cholinergic fibres on the same cell
;86
8.4.3;3. Central non-cholinergic transmission: alternation of noncholinergic and cholinergic neurons
;89
8.4.4;4. Types of synaptic acetylcholinesterase localization in central nervous system
;92
8.4.5;5. Systematic description of acetylcholinesterase localization in central nervous system of mammals
;94
8.4.6;6. Inferences from acetylcholinesterase localization in central nervous system
;110
8.5;CHAPTER V. Non-specific Cholinesterase in Nervous System
;113
8.5.1;1. Invertebrates;113
8.5.2;2. Vertebrates;113
9;Part III: SURVEY OF TISSULAR CHOLINESTERASES OUTSIDE THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
;118
9.1;CHAPTER I. Skeletal Muscle
;119
9.1.1;1. Myo-neural junction;119
9.1.2;2. Musculo-tendinous cholinesterasic apparatus;134
9.1.3;3. Electric organ;138
9.2;CHAPTER II. Circulatory System, The Heart
;140
9.2.1;1. Blood Vessels;140
9.2.2;2. Heart;141
9.3;CHAPTER III. Digestive System
;144
9.3.1;1. Bucco-pharyngeal cavity and salivary glands;144
9.3.2;2. Pancreas;146
9.3.3;3. Alimentary tract;148
9.4;CHAPTER IV. Respiratory System
;157
9.5;CHAPTER V. Uro-genital System
;160
9.5.1;1. Urinary System;160
9.5.2;2. Male reproductive system;161
9.5.3;3. Female reproductive system;163
9.6;CHAPTER VI. Endocrine Glands and Thymus
;168
9.6.1;1. Hypophysis;168
9.6.2;2. Epiphysis;168
9.6.3;3. Suprarenal glands;168
9.6.4;4. Endocrine pancreas;168
9.6.5;5. Thyroid and parathyroids;168
9.6.6;6. Thymus;169
9.7;CHAPTER VII. Skin and Organs of Special Senses
;173
9.7.1;1. Skin;173
9.7.2;2. Organ of smell;173
9.7.3;3. Organ of taste;174
9.7.4;4. Eye;175
9.7.5;5. Ear;175
9.7.6;6. Carotid and aortic bodies;176
10;CONCLUSION;177
11;REFERENCES;178
12;Abbreviations in Plates;196
13;AUTHOR INDEX;198
14;SUBJECT INDEX;202