Ghosh Urban Mining and Sustainable Waste Management

1. Auflage 2020
ISBN: 978-981-15-0532-4
Verlag: Springer Nature Singapore
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 337 Seiten

This book gathers selected high-quality research papers presented at the IconSWM 2018 conference, which explore various aspects of urban mining. In addition, they discuss how to achieve sustainable waste management systems, urban mining, landfill mining, material recovery, circular economy, etc., with the aid of effective waste management practices. Additional topics covered include maximum resource circulation and efficiency, key differences between landfill mining and urban mining, and how urban mining can be combined with the concepts of circular economy and sustainability.  


Dr. Sadhan Kumar Ghosh is a Professor & Former Head of the Mechanical Engineering Department, as well as the Founder Coordinator of the Centre for QMS at Jadavpur University, India. A prominent figure in the fields of Waste Management, Circular Economy, SME Sustainability, Green Manufacturing, Green Factories and TQM, he has served as the Director, CBWE, Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India and L&T Ltd. Prof Ghosh is the Founder and Chairman of the IconSWM and the President of the International Society of Waste Management, Air and Water, as well as the Chairman of the Indian Congress on Quality, Environment, Energy and Safety Management Systems (ICQESMS). He was awarded a Distinguished Visiting Fellowship by the Royal Academy of Engineering, UK, to work on 'Energy Recovery from Municipal Solid Waste' in 2012. He received the Boston Pledge and NABC 2006 Award for the most eco-friendly innovation 'Conversion of plastics & jute waste to wealth' in the ESP/50K Business Plan Competition in Houston, Texas, USA. In addition, he holds patents on waste plastic processing technology and high-speed jute ribboning technology for preventing water wastage and occupational hazards.  

Autoren/Hrsg.

Ghosh, Sadhan Kumar

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
2;Acknowledgements;8
3;Contents;10
4;About the Editor;13
5; Contribution of Optimal Equipment for ELV Recycling to the Sustainable Development of Serbia and the Region;14
5.1;1 Introduction;15
5.2;2 The Proposed Approach;16
5.3;3 Case Study in the Republic of Serbia;17
5.3.1;3.1 Discussion;20
5.4;4 Conclusion;20
5.5;References;21
6; A Study on Biomedical Waste Management in Chittoor District;22
6.1;1 Introduction;22
6.2;2 Generation of Biomedical Waste from SVIMS Super Speciality Hospital, Tirupati—A Case Study;23
6.3;3 Transportation;24
6.4;4 Treatment and Disposal of Biomedical Waste;24
6.5;5 Incineration of Biomedical Waste;24
6.6;6 Emission and Ash Analysis;25
6.7;7 Ash Analysis;25
6.8;8 Conclusion;26
6.9;Reference;26
7; Knowledge and Practice of Biomedical Waste Management and Awareness of 3 ‘R’s Concept Among Staff Nurses in the Hospital—A Cross-sectional Study;27
7.1;1 Introduction;27
7.2;2 Review of the Literature;28
7.2.1;2.1 Classification of Hospital Waste;28
7.2.2;2.2 3R’s Principle and Waste Hierarchy (Jiang 2006);28
7.2.3;2.3 Statistical Analysis;29
7.2.4;2.4 Data Analysis;30
7.3;3 Knowledge and Practices of Biomedical Waste Management Practices in Patient Care Areas (n = 86);30
7.4;4 Results and Discussion;35
7.5;5 Conclusions and Recommendations;36
7.6;Annexure;36
7.7;References;38
8; Utilization of Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste and Industrial Inorganic Wastes in Cement Manufacturing;39
8.1;1 Introduction;40
8.2;2 Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste;40
8.2.1;2.1 Current Generation of C&D Waste;40
8.2.2;2.2 Current C&D Waste Processing Plants Operational in India;41
8.2.3;2.3 Current Utilization of C&D Waste in Construction Industry;41
8.2.4;2.4 Utilization of C&D Waste in Cement Industry;41
8.3;3 Fly Ash;42
8.3.1;3.1 Fly Ash Generation Versus Utilization in India Including Cement Industry;42
8.4;4 Red Mud;43
8.4.1;4.1 Red Mud Generation and Composition;43
8.4.2;4.2 Red Mud Utilization and Ongoing R&D Work;43
8.5;5 Spent Pot Liner;43
8.5.1;5.1 Utilization of SPL;44
8.5.2;5.2 Spent Catalyst;44
8.6;6 Lime Sludges;44
8.7;7 Marble Dust/Slurry;45
8.8;8 Jarosite;45
8.9;9 Steel Slag;45
8.10;10 Copper Slag;46
8.11;11 Lead–Zinc Slag or Imperial Smelting Furnace (ISF) Slag;46
8.12;12 Conclusion;46
8.13;References;48
9; A Review of Studies on Environmental Performance Analysis of Construction and Demolition Waste Management using Life Cycle Assessment;51
9.1;1 Introduction;52
9.2;2 Review of LCA Methodologies Adopted in C&D Waste Management Literature;53
9.2.1;2.1 Goal and Scope Definition;53
9.2.2;2.2 Life Cycle Inventory Analysis (LCI);54
9.2.3;2.3 Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA);55
9.2.4;2.4 Interpretation and Results;56
9.3;3 Review of Findings from Process and Comparative LCA Studies;56
9.4;4 Concluding Remarks;58
9.5;References;59
10; Extraction of Selected Metals from High-Grade Waste Printed Circuit Board Using Diethylene Triamine Penta-acetic Acid;61
10.1;1 Introduction;62
10.2;2 Materials and Methods;63
10.2.1;2.1 E-waste;63
10.2.2;2.2 Chemical Characterization of Comminuted PCB;63
10.2.3;2.3 Chemical Leaching;64
10.2.4;2.4 Analytical Determination;64
10.3;3 Results and Discussion;65
10.3.1;3.1 Effect of Molar Concentration of DTPA on the Extraction Efficiency of the Selected Metals;65
10.3.2;3.2 Effect of Reaction pH on the Extraction Efficiency of the Selected Metals;66
10.3.3;3.3 Effect of L/S Ratio on the Extraction Efficiency of the Selected Metals;67
10.4;4 Conclusions;67
10.5;References;68
11; A Comparative Study on the Cost–Benefit Analysis on Metal Recovery of WPCB Using Pyrometallurgy with Two Different Thermal Furnaces;70
11.1;1 Introduction;71
11.2;2 Materials and Methods;72
11.2.1;2.1 Materials;72
11.2.2;2.2 Methodology;72
11.3;3 Characteristic Study;73
11.3.1;3.1 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy;73
11.3.2;3.2 Thermogravimetric Analyser;73
11.3.3;3.3 Cost–Benefit Analysis;73
11.4;4 Result and Discussions;74
11.4.1;4.1 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy;74
11.4.2;4.2 Muffle Furnace;74
11.4.3;4.3 Chemical Vapour Deposition Chamber;74
11.4.4;4.4 Cost–Benefit Analysis;75
11.4.5;4.5 Cost for Single Operation;75
11.5;5 Merits and Demerits;76
11.6;6 Conclusion;77
11.7;References;77
12; Recycling of Polymers from WEEE: Issues, Challenges and Opportunities;79
12.1;1 Introduction;79
12.2;2 Composition of WEEE Plastics;81
12.3;3 Existing Technologies for WEEE Polymer Recycling;81
12.3.1;3.1 Pyrolysis;82
12.3.2;3.2 Co-pyrolysis;83
12.3.3;3.3 Gasification;84
12.3.4;3.4 Green Recycling Process;84
12.3.5;3.5 Plastics to Carbon Nano-materials;86
12.3.6;3.6 Co-processing;86
12.4;4 Discussion and Analysis;87
12.5;5 Conclusion;88
12.6;References;89
13; Slate Mine Wastewater, the Best Substitute for Cementation;91
13.1;1 Introduction;91
13.2;2 Materials and Methods;93
13.3;3 Preparation of Testing Specimen;94
13.3.1;3.1 Testing of Samples;94
13.4;4 Results and Discussion;94
13.5;5 Conclusions;98
13.6;References;98
14; Waste Coal Utilization in India: A Review;100
14.1;1 Introduction;101
14.2;2 Availability of Coal in India;102
14.3;3 Characterization and Composition of Indian Waste Coal;102
14.3.1;3.1 Proximate and Ultimate Analysis;102
14.4;4 Thermal Treatment Techniques Applied for Utilization of Indian Waste Coal;103
14.4.1;4.1 Pyrolysis;103
14.4.2;4.2 Gasification Technologies for Indian Waste Coal;104
14.5;5 Some Treatment Strategies to Reduce Environmental Impacts of Indian Waste Coal;106
14.6;6 Conclusion;106
14.7;References;107
15; Temporal Changes of Solid Waste at Limestone Quarries in and Around Yerraguntla, YSR District, A.P., using Google Earth Images;108
15.1;1 Introduction;108
15.2;2 Study Area;110
15.3;3 Methodology;111
15.4;4 Results and Discussion;111
15.5;5 Limestone Waste Properties;113
15.6;6 Conclusion;115
15.7;References;117
16; Waste Is not a Waste—It’s Time to Realize;119
16.1;1 Introduction;120
16.1.1;1.1 Background;120
16.1.2;1.2 Management of Waste;120
16.1.3;1.3 Definitions;121
16.2;2 Methods;121
16.2.1;2.1 Value Recovery Management of Byproducts, Value Attaining Waste;121
16.2.2;2.2 Schematic Flow of Byproduct Value Recovery Management;122
16.2.3;2.3 Practices by Divis for Byproduct Value Recovery Management;123
16.3;3 Results and Discussions;124
16.3.1;3.1 Major Byproduct Value Recovery Management Projects in Divis;124
16.3.2;3.2 Other Byproduct Value Recovery Management Projects;126
16.3.3;3.3 Few Projects on Value Attaining from Waste;130
16.4;4 Real Waste Management;133
16.5;5 Conclusion and Recommendations;135
16.5.1;5.1 Conclusion;135
16.5.2;5.2 Recommendations;136
16.6;Reference;136
17; Effective Treatment for COD Removal of Landfill Leachate by Electro-coagulation;137
17.1;1 Introduction;137
17.2;2 Materials and Method;139
17.2.1;2.1 Chemicals;139
17.2.2;2.2 Electrodes and Reactor;139
17.2.3;2.3 Leachate Generation;140
17.2.4;2.4 Batch Experiment;140
17.3;3 Results and Discussion;143
17.3.1;3.1 Solid Waste Composition and Leachate Characteristics;143
17.3.2;3.2 Batch EC Study Over Iron (Fe) and Aluminum (Al) Electrodes;143
17.4;4 Conclusions;154
17.5;References;154
18; Estimation of Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Matuail Landfill Site;156
18.1;1 Introduction;156
18.2;2 Materials and Methods;159
18.2.1;2.1 Matuail Landfill Site, Dhaka, Bangladesh;159
18.2.2;2.2 Gas Emissions Estimations;159
18.3;3 Results and Discussions;164
18.4;4 Conclusion;165
18.5;References;165
19; Stabilization of Contaminated Soil in a Landfill Site with Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag;167
19.1;1 Introduction;167
19.2;2 Material Used and Testing Procedure;168
19.3;3 Results and Discussions;170
19.4;4 Conclusions;173
19.5;References;174
20; Air Quality Survey of Some Major Dumpsites in Lagos State, Nigeria;175
20.1;1 Introduction;176
20.2;2 Methodology;177
20.2.1;2.1 Sampling Locations;177
20.2.2;2.2 Sampling Strategy and Methodology;177
20.3;3 Results and Discussion;181
20.3.1;3.1 Air Quality;181
20.3.2;3.2 Odour;183
20.3.3;3.3 Landfill Gas Capture Possibility at Olushosun Landfill;183
20.4;4 Conclusions;187
20.5;References;188
21; Remediation of bis(2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate and Phenol, 4,4?-(1-Methylethylidene)bis—in Landfill Leachate Using Biopolymer;190
21.1;1 Introduction;191
21.2;2 Materials and Methods;191
21.2.1;2.1 Site Description and Sample Collection;191
21.2.2;2.2 Coagulation–Flocculation (C–F) Test;192
21.2.3;2.3 Sample Extraction and Instrumental Analysis;192
21.2.4;2.4 Experimental Design and Data Analysis;192
21.2.5;2.5 FTIR and SEM Analysis;192
21.3;3 Results and Discussions;193
21.3.1;3.1 Removal Efficacy of Bisphenol A and DEHP from Leachate Using LBG;193
21.3.2;3.2 Flocculation Studies;194
21.3.3;3.3 Impact of Operating Factors;195
21.3.4;3.4 Optimization Using RSM;197
21.4;4 Conclusion;197
21.5;References;197
22; Biodegradation of Plastic Waste Using Marine Micro-Organisms;199
22.1;1 Introduction;200
22.2;2 Literature Review;200
22.3;3 Materials;201
22.4;4 Methods;201
22.4.1;4.1 Preparation of Cellulose and Nanocellulose from Raw Sugarcane Bagasse;201
22.4.2;4.2 Synthesis of PMMA and PMMA/Cellulose Composites;202
22.4.3;4.3 Biodegradation Studies: Degradation Through Marine Microbes;202
22.4.4;4.4 Weight Loss Study;202
22.5;5 Results and Discussion;203
22.5.1;5.1 Evaluation of Weight Loss of Various Polymer Samples;203
22.6;6 Conclusion;203
22.7;References;205
23; Current Scenario of Plastic Waste Management in India: Way Forward in Turning Vision to Reality;206
23.1;1 Introduction;207
23.2;2 Results and Discussions;208
23.2.1;2.1 An Overview—Plastic Production, Consumption and Generation;208
23.2.2;2.2 Environmental Legislations;209
23.2.3;2.3 Opportunities and Challenges in PWM;209
23.2.4;2.4 A Case Study on the Existing Scenario of PWM;215
23.3;3 Initiatives on Plastic Bags Ban;216
23.4;4 Emerging Trends in PWM;217
23.5;5 4R?S and the Circular Economy;217
23.6;6 Turning Vision to Reality;217
23.7;References;221
24; Modelling of Post-consumer Plastic Flow in Municipal Solid Waste Stream: A Case Study in Few Major Local Authorities of Sri Lanka;222
24.1;1 Introduction;223
24.2;2 Methodology;223
24.2.1;2.1 Approach;223
24.2.2;2.2 Study Areas;224
24.2.3;2.3 Data Collection;225
24.3;3 Results and Discussion;226
24.3.1;3.1 Material Flow Diagrams;228
24.3.2;3.2 Plastic Waste Classification Based on Physical Appearance;230
24.4;4 Conclusion and Recommendation;231
24.5;References;231
25; Youth Engagement for E-waste Management by Urban Local Bodies in India;233
25.1;1 Introduction;234
25.2;2 Proposed Model to Youth Engagement in E-waste Management for Urban Local Bodies in India;235
25.2.1;2.1 Stakeholders Involved in This Model as Follows;235
25.2.2;2.2 Roles and Responsibilities of Various Stakeholders;235
25.2.3;2.3 Functioning of Various Stakeholders in the Model;236
25.2.4;2.4 Working of the Model;237
25.3;3 Ensuring Smooth Working of the Model and Its Sustainability in Long Run for Effective E-waste Management in the City;238
25.4;References;239
26; Improvement in Engineering Behaviour of Expansive Soil Reinforced with Randomly Distributed Waste Plastic Strips;240
26.1;1 Introduction;241
26.2;2 Experimental Study;241
26.2.1;2.1 Materials Used;241
26.3;3 Results and Discussion;244
26.4;4 Conclusion;248
26.5;References;248
27; Willingness of Students and Academicians to Participate in E-waste Management Programmes—A Case Study of Bangalore;250
27.1;1 Introduction;251
27.2;2 Methodology;252
27.3;3 Results and Discussions;252
27.4;4 Conclusion and Future Scope;255
27.5;Appendix;257
27.6;References;262
28; Purification Technologies of Bioreactor Landfill Gas and Its Sustainable Usage: Current Status and Perspectives;263
28.1;1 Introduction;264
28.2;2 Study Methodology;265
28.3;3 Biogas/BRLFG Purification Process;266
28.3.1;3.1 Absorption;268
28.3.2;3.2 Adsorption;268
28.3.3;3.3 Membrane Separation;269
28.3.4;3.4 Cryogenic Separation Process;269
28.3.5;3.5 Other Processes;269
28.4;4 Discussions;270
28.5;5 Conclusion;270
28.6;References;271
29; NOx Reduction from Diesel Engine Consuming Diesel-Waste Plastic Oil Blend as Substitute Fuel with Antioxidant and SCR;273
29.1;1 Introduction;274
29.2;2 Methodology;275
29.2.1;2.1 Plastic Pyrolysis Oil Preparation;275
29.2.2;2.2 SCR Unit and DEF Solution;276
29.3;3 Experimental Setup;277
29.4;4 Results and Discussion;278
29.4.1;4.1 Performance Characteristics;279
29.4.2;4.2 Emission Characteristics;280
29.5;5 Conclusion;284
29.6;References;284
30; A Study of Solid Waste Management in Indore City: With Special Reference to Biomedical Waste;286
30.1;1 Introduction;286
30.2;2 Types of Medical Waste and the Methods Used to Dispose It;289
30.3;3 Conclusion;290
30.4;4 Suggestions;290
30.5;References;291
31; Hydrothermal Carbonization—A Sustainable Approach to Deal with the Challenges in Sewage Sludge Management;292
31.1;1 Introduction;293
31.2;2 Laws and Regulation in European Union Regarding Sewage Sludge Disposal;293
31.3;3 Sewage Sludge Processing and Conventional Sewage Sludge Management Technique;294
31.3.1;3.1 Conventional Techniques in Sewage Sludge Management;295
31.4;4 Hydrothermal Carbonization of Sewage Sludge;296
31.4.1;4.1 Advantages of HTC Against the Incineration of Sewage Sludge;297
31.4.2;4.2 Cost Effectiveness in Using HTC in WWTP’s to Handle Sewage Sludge;298
31.5;5 Concluding Remark and Future Research Prospect;299
31.6;References;301
32; Sustainable Bio Medical Waste Management—Case Study in India;302
32.1;1 Introduction;303
32.2;2 Literature Review;304
32.3;3 Rules in India;305
32.4;4 Waste Handling and Treatment Systems;307
32.5;5 Issues and Challenges;308
32.6;6 Comparing the SWM System in India with a Few Developed Countries like USA, UK, Japan and S. Korea;309
32.7;7 Case Study on the BMW Treatment Facility at Mangalgiri, AP;311
32.8;8 Conclusions;315
32.9;References;315
33; A Study on Plastic Waste Management by Stakeholders Using Reverse Logistics;317
33.1;1 Introduction;318
33.2;2 Different Types of Plastics;318
33.3;3 Problems Relating to Plastic Waste;318
33.4;4 Stakeholders of Plastic Waste Generation;320
33.5;5 Responsibility of Plastic Waste Generators;320
33.5.1;5.1 Recommendation;320
33.6;6 Responsibility of Local Bodies;321
33.6.1;6.1 Recommendation;321
33.7;7 Responsibility of Producers, Brand Owners, and Importers (Manufacturers);322
33.7.1;7.1 Recommendation;322
33.8;8 Reverse Logistics;323
33.9;9 Suggestions;324
33.10;10 Conclusion;325
33.11;References;326
34; A Study on Pyrolysis of Plastic Wastes for Product Recovery and Analysis;327
34.1;1 Introduction;328
34.2;2 Materials and Methods;329
34.2.1;2.1 Pyrolysis Feedstock;329
34.2.2;2.2 Experimental Set-up and Methodology;330
34.2.3;2.3 Analytical Techniques;331
34.3;3 Results and Discussion;331
34.3.1;3.1 Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA);331
34.3.2;3.2 Effect of Temperature on Pyrolysis Product Yield;332
34.3.3;3.3 Gas Chromatographic Analysis;333
34.3.4;3.4 Characterization of Pyrolysis Char from LDPE Plastic Wastes;334
34.4;4 Conclusions;336
34.5;References;337