Goddard / Butler Viruses and Wastewater Treatment

Proceedings of the International Symposium on Viruses and Wastewater Treatment, Held at the University of Surrey, Guildford, 15-17 September 1980
1. Auflage 2015
ISBN: 978-1-4831-8986-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 316 Seiten, Web PDF

Viruses and Wastewater Treatment covers the proceedings of the International Symposium on Viruses and Wastewater Treatment. The book presents studies that deal primarily with the virological aspect of water sanitation. The topics covered in the selection include methods for studying virus in waste waters, such as virus recovery from wastewater using microfiberglass filters and rapid detection of enteroviruses in water by a quantitative fluorescent antibody technique. The text also covers topics about post-treatment of waste waters, which includes fate of viruses following land application of sewage sludge and virus survival in wastewater treated soils. The book will be of great use to individuals involved in the research, development, and implementation of water treatment technology.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Goddard, M.

Butler, M.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Viruses and Wastewater Treatment;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Preface;6
5;table of Contents;8
6;Chapter 1. Viruses in Faeces;12
6.1;ABSTRACT;12
6.2;KEYWORDS;12
6.3;INTRGDUCTIGN;13
6.4;ENTEROVIRUSES;13
6.5;VIRUSES CAUSING ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS;16
6.6;REFERENCES;23
6.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;24
7;Chapter 2. Concentration of Viruses in Faecal Samplesfrom Patients with Gastroenteritis;26
7.1;ABSTRACT;26
7.2;KEYWORDS;26
7.3;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;29
7.4;REFERENCES;29
8;Chapter 3. Viruses in Sewage;30
8.1;ABSTRACT;30
8.2;KEYWORDS;30
8.3;INTRODUCTION;30
8.4;SEWAGE SYSTEMS;31
8.5;VIRUSES IN SEWAGE;31
8.6;NUMBERS OF VIRUSES IN SEWAGE;32
8.7;SURVIVAL IN SEWAGE;33
8.8;VIRUS INFECTIVITY;34
8.9;VIRUS HAZARDS;35
8.10;PRACTICAL PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS;35
8.11;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;36
8.12;REFERENCES;36
9;Chapter 4. Viruses Isolated from Sewage 1974-77;38
9.1;ABSTRACT;38
9.2;KEYWORDS;38
9.3;INTRODUCTION;38
9.4;VIRUSES ISOLATED;39
9.5;CELL CULTURES;39
9.6;INLET AND OUTLET ISOLATES;40
9.7;REFERENCES;41
10;Chapter 5. Virus Recovery from Wastewater Using Microfiberglass Filters;42
10.1;ABSTRACT;42
10.2;KEYWORDS;42
10.3;INTRODUCTION;42
10.4;MATERIAL AND METHODS;42
10.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;43
10.6;CONCLUSION;45
10.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;45
10.8;REFERENCES;45
11;Chapter 6. The Appearance of Polioviruses in Wastewater During a Poliomyelitis Outbreak;46
11.1;ABSTRACT;46
11.2;KEYWORDS;46
11.3;INTRODUCTION;46
11.4;METHODS;47
11.5;RESULTS;47
11.6;DISCUSSION;49
11.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;49
11.8;REFERENCES;49
12;Chapter 7. Virus Survival in Wastewater Treatment;50
12.1;ABSTRACT;50
12.2;KEYWORDS;50
12.3;INTRODUCTION;50
12.4;VIRUS REMOVAL DURING SEWAGE TREATMENT;51
12.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;57
12.6;REFERENCES;57
13;Chapter 8. Recovery of Viruses Found in Wastewater Before and After Activated Sludge Treatment Using a Technique of Adsorption-Elution on Glass Powder;60
13.1;ABSTRACT;60
13.2;KEYWORDS;60
13.3;INTRODUCTION;60
13.4;MATERIAL AND METHODS;61
13.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;62
13.6;REFERENCES;63
14;Chapter 9. Virology of Wastewater Recharge of the Chalk Aquifer Part I—Hydrogeology and Sampling;64
14.1;INTRODUCTION;64
14.2;HYDROGEOLOGICAL FACTORS;65
14.3;METHODS;66
14.4;SUMMARY OF RESULTS;67
14.5;DISCUSSION OF RESULTS AND SAMPLING METHODS;68
14.6;REFERENCES;69
15;Chapter 10. Virology of Wastewater Recharge of the Chalk AquiferPart II—Microbiology and Water Quality;70
15.1;INTRODUCTION;70
15.2;SITE DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION;70
15.3;GROUNDWATER CONTAMINATION;71
15.4;TRACER EXPERIMENT;72
15.5;VIRUS AND BACTERIA DETERMINATIONS;72
15.6;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;73
15.7;GENERAL CONCLUSIONS;75
15.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;75
15.9;REFERENCE;75
16;Chapter 11. Virus Survival During Sludge Treatment;76
16.1;ABSTRACT;76
16.2;KEYWORDS;76
16.3;INTRODUCTION;76
16.4;TRANSFER OF VIRUSES FROM WASTEWATER INTO SLUDGE;77
16.5;VIRUS INACTIVATION IN SLUDGE;79
16.6;REFERENCES;85
17;Chapter 12. The Effect of Selected Sludge Treatment Processes on the Isolation of Enteroviruses from Wastewater Sludge;90
17.1;ABSTRACT;90
17.2;KEYWORDS;90
17.3;INTRODUCTION;90
17.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;91
17.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;92
17.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;94
17.7;REFERENCES;94
18;Chapter 13. The Use of a Soluble Polyelectrolyte for the Isolation of Virus from Sludge;96
18.1;ABSTRACT;96
18.2;KEYWORDS;96
18.3;INTRODUCTION;96
18.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;97
18.5;RESULTS;98
18.6;DISCUSSION;98
18.7;REFERENCES;100
19;Chapter 14. Virus Survival in Receiving Waters;102
19.1;ABSTRACT;102
19.2;KEYWORDS;102
19.3;INTRODUCTION;102
19.4;CONCLUDING REMARKS;114
19.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;115
19.6;REFERENCES;115
20;Chapter 15. Incidence of Human Enteroviruses in Water and Wastewater Systems Associated with the River Wear;120
20.1;KEYWORDS;102
20.2;INTRODUCTION;102
20.3;CONCLUDING REMARKS;114
20.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;115
20.5;REFERENCES;115
21;Chapter 16. Incidence of Human Enteroviruses in Waterand Wastewater Systems Associated with the River Wear;120
21.1;ABSTRACT;120
21.2;KEYWORDS;120
21.3;INTRODUCTION;120
21.4;METHODS;121
21.5;RESULTS;121
21.6;DISCUSSION;123
21.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;123
21.8;REFERENCES;123
22;Chapter 17. Survival of Enteroviruses and BacterialIndicator Organisms in the Sea;124
22.1;ABSTRACT;124
22.2;KEYWORDS;124
22.3;INTRODUCTION;124
22.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;124
22.5;CONCLUSIONS;127
22.6;REFERENCES;127
23;Chapter 18. Virus Survival in Wastewater Treated Soils;128
23.1;ABSTRACT;128
23.2;KEYWORDS;128
23.3;INTRODUCTION;128
23.4;LABORATORY EXPERIMENTS;129
23.5;FIELD STUDIES;135
23.6;PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH LABORATORY DATA TRANSFER TO FIELD SITUATIONS;138
23.7;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSION;140
23.8;REFERENCES;140
24;Chapter 19. Fate of Viruses Following Land Application of Sewage Sludge. I. Survival and Transport Patterns in Core Studies under Natural Conditions;144
24.1;ABSTRACT;144
24.2;KEYWORDS;144
24.3;INTRODUCTION;144
24.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;147
24.5;REFERENCES;147
25;Chapter 20. Viruses in Aerosols at a Wastewater Spray Irrigation Site;152
25.1;ABSTRACT;152
25.2;KEYWORDS;152
25.3;SITE DESCRIPTION;152
25.4;SAMPLE COLLECTION;153
25.5;SAMPLE PROCESSING AND VIRUS ASSAY;153
25.6;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;154
25.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;154
25.8;REFERENCES;155
26;Chapter 21. Virus Removal by Disinfection of Effluents;156
26.1;ABSTRACT;156
26.2;KEYWORDS;156
26.3;KEYWORDS;156
26.4;NTRODUCTION;156
27;Chapter 22. Inactivation of Viruses in Municipal Effluent by Chlorine Dioxide;176
27.1;ABSTRACT;176
27.2;KEYWORDS;176
27.3;INTRODUCTION;176
27.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;177
27.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;177
27.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;180
27.7;REFERENCES;180
28;Chapter 23. Alternatives to Chlorine for Wastewater Disinfection;182
28.1;ABSTRACT;182
28.2;KEYWORDS;182
28.3;INTRODUCTION;182
28.4;EXPERIMENTAL METHOD;183
28.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;183
28.6;CONCLUSION;184
28.7;REFERENCES;185
29;Chapter 24. Disinfection of Effluents Using Ozone;186
29.1;ABSTRACT;186
29.2;KEYWORDS;186
29.3;INTRODUCTION;186
29.4;FACTORS AFFECTING THE EFFICIENCY OF OZONATION;186
29.5;COMPARABILITY OF DISINFECTION DATA;186
29.6;BACTERIAL AND VIRAL DISINFECTION;187
29.7;PILOT AND FULL SCALE STUDIES;188
29.8;REFERENCES;188
30;Chapter 25. The Effect of Free Chlorine on Parvovirus .-1;190
30.1;ABSTRACT;190
30.2;KEYWORDS;190
30.3;INTRODUCTION;190
30.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;191
30.5;RESULTS AND DISCUSSION;191
30.6;REFERENCES;193
31;Chapter 26. The Limitations of Redox Potential as an Estimate of the Virucidal Properties of Disinfectants;194
31.1;KEYWORDS;194
31.2;REFERENCES;198
32;Chapter 27. Methods for Virus Recovery from Solids;200
32.1;ABSTRACT;200
32.2;KEYWORDS;200
32.3;INTRODUCTION;200
32.4;ADSORPTION OF VIRUSES TO SOLIDS;201
32.5;INFORMATION OBTAINED ABOUT THE ADSORPTION OF VIRUSES UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS AND IN THE FIELD;202
32.6;METHODS FOR VIRUS RECOVERY FROM SOLIDS;203
32.7;SOME OF THE PROBLEMS AND LIMITATIONS CONNECTED WITH THE AVAILABLE METHODS;205
32.8;REFERENCES;208
33;Chapter 28. Surface Interactions Between Viruses and Clay Minerals and Microbes: Mechanisms and Implications;210
33.1;ABSTRACT;210
33.2;KEYWORDS;210
33.3;INTRODUCTION;210
33.4;OBSERVATIONS;211
33.5;CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS;214
33.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;215
33.7;REFERENCES;215
34;Chapter 29. Recovery of Seeded Viruses from Activated Sludge;216
34.1;ABSTRACT;216
34.2;KEYWORDS;216
34.3;INTRODUCTION;216
34.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;217
34.5;RESULTS;218
34.6;DISCUSSION;219
34.7;REFERENCES;220
35;Chapter 30.The Recovery of Viruses from Water: Methods and Applications;222
35.1;ABSTRACT;222
35.2;KEYWORDS;222
35.3;INTRODUCTION;222
35.4;METHODS FOR RECOVERING VIRUSES FROM WATER;224
35.5;ADSORPTION/ELUTION METHODOLOGY FOR THE RECOVERY OF VIRUSES FROM WATER;224
35.6;CONCENTRATION OF VIRUSES FROM LARGE VOLUMES OF WATER;230
35.7;APPLICATIONS OF VIRUS CONCENTRATORS;234
35.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;239
35.9;REFERENCES;239
36;Chapter 31. Methods for Virus Concentration from Water;246
36.1;ABSTRACT;246
36.2;KEYWORDS;246
36.3;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;249
36.4;REFERENCES;249
37;Chapter 32. Improved Electropositive Filter for Concentrating Viruses from Large Volumes of Water;250
37.1;ABSTRACT;250
37.2;KEY WORDS;250
37.3;INTRODUCTION;250
37.4;METHODS AND MATERIALS;250
37.5;RESULTS;251
37.6;DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS;255
37.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;256
37.8;REFERENCES;256
38;Chapter 33. Rapid Detection of Enteroviruses in Water by a Quantitative Fluorescent Antibody Technique;258
38.1;ABSTRACT;258
38.2;KEYWORDS;258
38.3;INTRODUCTION;258
38.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;259
38.5;RESULTS;260
38.6;DISCUSSION;261
38.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;261
38.8;REFERENCES;261
39;Chapter 34. Comparison of Primary Kidney Cells with the BGM Cell Line for the Enumeration of Enteric Viruses in Water by Means of a Tube Dilution Technique;264
39.1;ABSTRACT;264
39.2;KEYWORDS;264
39.3;INTRODUCTION;264
39.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;265
39.5;RESULTS;265
39.6;DISCUSSION;266
39.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;267
39.8;REFERENCES;267
40;Chapter 35. Indicators, Viruses and Water Quality;268
40.1;ABSTRACT;268
40.2;KEYWORDS;268
40.3;INTRODUCTION;268
40.4;THE INDICATOR CONCEPT;269
40.5;VIRUSES AND COLIFORMS;269
40.6;VIRUSES AND FAECAL STREPTOCOCCI;271
40.7;VIRUSES AND COLIPHAGE;271
40.8;VIRUSES AS INDICATORS;272
40.9;SEVERN-TRENT VIROLOGY UNIT INVESTIGATIONS;273
40.10;CONCLUSIONS;276
40.11;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;277
40.12;REFERENCES;277
41;Chapter 36. Temperature Sensitive Coliphage in the Aquatic Environment;288
41.1;ABSTRACT;288
41.2;KEYWORDS;288
41.3;INTRODUCTION;288
41.4;MATERIALS AND METHODS;288
41.5;RESULTS;288
41.6;DISCUSSION;290
41.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;290
41.8;REFERENCES;290
42;Chapter 37. Qiiantitative Studies of Viruses and Conceivable Indicators in a Biological Treatment Plant;292
42.1;ABSTRACT;292
42.2;KEYWORDS;292
42.3;INTRODUCTION;292
42.4;METHODS;292
42.5;RESULTS;293
42.6;DISCUSSION;294
42.7;REFERENCES;295
43;Chapter 38. Outbreaks of Viral Gastroenteritis Associated with the Consumption of Shellfish;298
43.1;ABSTRACT;298
43.2;KEYWORDS;298
43.3;INTRODUCTION;298
43.4;OUTBREAKS STUDIED;299
43.5;CONCLUSION;300
43.6;REFERENCES;300
44;Chapter 39. Epidemiology of Enteric Viral Infections;302
44.1;ABSTRACT;302
44.2;KEYWORDS;302
44.3;INTRODUCTION;302
44.4;STUDY DESIGN;303
44.5;RESULTS;304
44.6;DISCUSSION;313
44.7;REFERENCES;314
45;Index;316