Gorgas / González-Serrano / Goicoechea Highlights of Spanish Astrophysics V

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-3-642-11250-8
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 566 Seiten

Astronomy is a scienti?c discipline that has developed a rapid and impressive growth in Spain. Thirty years ago, Spain occupied a purely anecdotal presence in the international context, but today it occupies the eighth position in the world in publication of astronomical articles, and, among other successes, owns and op- ates ninety per cent of the world's largest optical telescope GTC (Gran Telescopio Canarias). The Eighth Scienti?c Meeting of the Spanish Astronomical Society (Sociedad Espanol ˜ a de Astronom´ a, SEA), held in Santander in July 7-11 2008, whose p- ceedings are in your hands, clearly shows the enthusiasm, motivation and quality of the present Spanish astronomical community. The event brought together 322 participants, who represent almost 50% of Spanish professional astronomers. This percentage, together with the continuously increasing, with respect to previous SEA meetings, number of oral presentations and poster contributions (179 and 127 respectively), con?rms that the SEA conferences have become a point of reference to assess the interests and achievements of astrophysical research in Spain. The most important and current topics of modern Astrophysics were taken into accountat thepreliminarymeeting,aswell as the numberandqualityofparticipants and their contributions, to select the invited speakers and oral contributors. We took a week to enjoy the high quality contributions submitted by Spanish astronomers to the Scienti?c Organizing Committee. The selection was dif?cult. We wish to acknowledge the gentle advice and commitment of the SOC members.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Gorgas, J.G.

González-Serrano, J.I.

Goicoechea, LuisJ.

Gorgas, Javier

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;5
2;Contents;7
3;Part I Plenary Sessions;70
3.1;New Insights into X-ray Binaries;71
3.1.1;1 Introduction;71
3.1.2;2 Black Holes in X-ray Binaries;72
3.1.3;3 The Bowen Project;76
3.1.4;4 Echo Tomography;78
3.1.5;5 Conclusions;79
3.1.6;References;80
3.2;OSIRIS: Final Characterization and Scientific Capabilities;83
3.2.1;1 Introduction;83
3.2.1.1;1.1 Brief History;83
3.2.1.2;1.2 Institutions and Budget;84
3.2.1.3;1.3 The Challenge;84
3.2.2;2 OSIRIS Characteristics;85
3.2.3;3 User Information and Pipelines;85
3.2.4;4 Characterization Tests;86
3.2.4.1;4.1 Instrument Transmission;86
3.2.4.2;4.2 Overheads;87
3.2.4.3;4.3 Optical Elements;88
3.2.4.4;4.4 Tunable Filters;88
3.2.5;5 OSIRIS Evolution and Context;89
3.2.5.1;5.1 Instrument Evolution;89
3.2.5.2;5.2 A Comparison;90
3.2.6;6 Future Upgrades;90
3.2.7;7 OSIRIS Core Team Surveys;91
3.2.7.1;7.1 TF Tomography;91
3.2.7.2;7.2 OTELO;92
3.2.7.3;7.3 Ly Emitters;93
3.2.8;8 Summary;93
3.2.8.1;8.1 More Information;94
3.2.9;References;94
3.3;Gravitational Lenses: An Update;95
3.3.1;1 Introduction;95
3.3.2;2 CASTLES: A Lensed Quasar Sample;99
3.3.2.1;2.1 CASTLES Follow-Up Results;99
3.3.2.1.1;2.1.1 Dark Matter;99
3.3.2.1.2;2.1.2 Extinction;100
3.3.3;3 Time Delay Measurements;102
3.3.4;4 Conclusions;104
3.3.5;References;106
3.4;First Scientific Results from the ALHAMBRA: Survey;107
3.4.1;1 Introduction;107
3.4.1.1;1.1 Spectroscopy and Photometric Redshifts;108
3.4.2;2 ALHAMBRA: Origin and Design;108
3.4.2.1;2.1 Comparison with Other Surveys;110
3.4.2.2;2.2 Expected Redshift Accuracy and Number of Detections;111
3.4.3;3 Present Status;112
3.4.3.1;3.1 Photometric Redshifts and Spectroscopic Comparisons;112
3.4.4;4 Early Scientific Analysis;114
3.4.5;References;116
3.5;Magnetic Fingerprints of Solar and Stellar Oscillations;118
3.5.1;1 Introduction;118
3.5.2;2 Waves in Sunspots;121
3.5.3;3 Waves in Small-Scale Flux Tubes;122
3.5.4;4 Local Helioseismology in Magnetic Regions;124
3.5.5;5 Oscillations in Magnetic roAp Stars;126
3.5.6;6 Conclusions;129
3.5.7;References;129
3.6;The Search for Gravitational Waves: Opening a New Window into the Universe;131
3.6.1;1 Introduction;131
3.6.2;2 The Search for Gravitational Waves;133
3.6.2.1;2.1 Resonant Mass Detectors;133
3.6.2.2;2.2 Ground Based Interferometers;134
3.6.2.3;2.3 LISA: A Space-Based Interferometer;136
3.6.2.4;2.4 Big Bang Observatory: BBO;137
3.6.3;3 Astrophysical Sources;137
3.6.3.1;3.1 Compact Binaries;137
3.6.3.2;3.2 Galactic Binaries;138
3.6.3.3;3.3 Massive Black Hole Captures;139
3.6.3.4;3.4 Stellar Collapse, Supernovae and Gamma-Ray Bursts;139
3.6.3.5;3.5 Spinning Neutron Stars;140
3.6.3.6;3.6 Stochastic Background;141
3.6.4;References;141
4;Part II Sea Prize;143
4.1;Formation, Evolution and Multiplicity of Brown Dwarfs and Giant Exoplanets;144
4.1.1;1 ``De Fuscis Pusillis Astris et Giganteis Exoplanetis'' (Part I);144
4.1.1.1;1.1 Brown Dwarfs and Objects Beyond the Deuterium-Burning Mass Limit (Chap.1);145
4.1.2;2 The Substellar Population in Orionis and Its Relationwith the Stellar Population (Part II);146
4.1.2.1;2.1 The Orionis Cluster (Chap.2);146
4.1.2.2;2.2 Multiobject Spectroscopy in Orionis: A Bridge Betweenthe Stellar and Substellar Populations (Chap.3);146
4.1.2.3;2.3 A New Mini-Search in the Center of Orionis (Chap.4);148
4.1.2.4;2.4 Multiplicity in Orionis: Adaptive Optics in the Near Infrared (Chap.5);149
4.1.2.5;2.5 The Mass Function Down to the Planetary Domain:The ``Anaga'' Survey (Chap.6);150
4.1.3;3 Activity and Meteorology in Ultracool Objects: Discsand Atmospheres (Part III);150
4.1.3.1;3.1 Photometric Variability of Young Brown Dwarfs in Orionis (Chap.7);150
4.1.3.2;3.2 SOri J053825.4–024241: A Classical T Tauri-Like Objectat the Substellar Boundary (Chap.8);151
4.1.4;4 Very Low-Mass Companions to Young Stars and Ultracool Dwarfs in the Solar Neighborhood (Part IV);152
4.1.4.1;4.1 A Search for Very Low-Mass Objects Around Nearby Young Stars (Chap.9);152
4.1.4.2;4.2 Multiplicity of L Dwarfs: Binarity and Habitable Planets (Chap.10);152
4.1.5;5 Conclusions, Appendices and Bibliography (Part V);153
4.1.5.1;5.1 Summary (Chap.11);153
4.1.6;References;153
5;Part III Galaxies and Cosmology;156
5.1;An Overview of the Current Status of CMB Observations;157
5.1.1;1 Introduction;157
5.1.2;2 Observational Results;158
5.1.3;3 Summary of CMB Experiments;162
5.1.4;4 Conclusions;163
5.1.5;References;164
5.2;The Anisotropic Redshift Space Galaxy Correlation Function: Detection on the BAO Ring;167
5.2.1;1 Gravitational Instability;167
5.2.1.1;1.1 BAO Signature;168
5.2.1.2;1.2 Growth Factor;169
5.2.2;2 Analysis of Data;170
5.2.2.1;2.1 Errors and Simulations;170
5.2.2.2;2.2 Redshift Space Distortions;172
5.2.3;References;174
5.3;UKIDSS: Surveying the Sky in the Near-IR;175
5.3.1;1 High-z QSOs and the Epoch of Reionization;175
5.3.2;2 The UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey;176
5.3.3;3 The VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS);180
5.3.4;References;180
5.4;Galaxies Hosting AGN Activity and Their Environments;182
5.4.1;1 Introduction;182
5.4.2;2 AGN in Galaxies;183
5.4.3;3 The Role of the Local/Large Scale Environment;183
5.4.4;4 AGN and Bars;184
5.4.4.1;4.1 Isolated Galaxies and the DEGAS Project;185
5.4.5;5 A General Picture for Low-Luminosity AGN;187
5.4.6;6 Final Considerations;187
5.4.7;References;188
5.5;The QUIJOTE CMB Experiment;190
5.5.1;1 Introduction;191
5.5.2;2 Science Goals;192
5.5.3;3 Experimental Details;193
5.5.3.1;3.1 Project Baseline;193
5.5.3.2;3.2 Telescope and Enclosure;194
5.5.3.3;3.3 First Instrument;195
5.5.3.4;3.4 Second Instrument;196
5.5.3.5;3.5 Source Subtractor Facility;197
5.5.4;4 Conclusions;197
5.5.5;References;198
6;Part IV The Galaxy and Its Components;199
6.1;The ABDoradus System Revisited: The Dynamical Mass of ABDorA;200
6.1.1;1 Introduction;201
6.1.2;2 Observations and Data Reduction;201
6.1.2.1;2.1 Phase-Referenced Map of ABDorA;202
6.1.2.2;2.2 Reflex Orbit;203
6.1.3;3 Comparison with PMS Models;205
6.1.4;References;205
6.2;Spectrophotometry with Gaia;207
6.2.1;1 Gaia: An Enormous Step Forward;207
6.2.2;2 Aim of Spectrophotometry;209
6.2.3;3 Spectrophotometry Instrument;210
6.2.4;4 Calibration Principle;211
6.2.5;5 Results;212
6.2.6;References;214
6.3;The Least Massive (Sub)Stellar Componentof the Milky Way;215
6.3.1;1 Introduction;215
6.3.2;2 2MASS 171123: A Deeply-Embedded Low-Mass Protostar;216
6.3.3;3 Very Low-Mass Accreting Objects Scattered Around the Milky Way;217
6.3.4;4 Probing the Very Low-Mass Population of the Coresof Nearby Open Clusters;218
6.3.5;5 A Young Very Low-Mass Wide Couple;219
6.3.6;6 The Search for Starlight Reflected from Extrasolar Planets;219
6.3.7;7 Relics of the Formation of the Solar System;220
6.3.8;References;221
6.4;A Pilot Survey of Stellar Tidal Streamsin Nearby Spiral Galaxies;223
6.4.1;1 Introduction;224
6.4.2;2 Stellar Tidal Streams in External Galaxies;225
6.4.3;3 A Pilot Survey of Stellar Tidal Stream in Nearby Galaxies (2006–2008);226
6.4.3.1;3.1 The Tidal Stream of NGC 5907;226
6.4.3.2;3.2 Discovery of Stellar Tidal Streams in Warped Disk Galaxies;227
6.4.3.3;3.3 Diffuse Light Structures in Nearby Spiral Galaxies;228
6.4.4;4 Future Work;228
6.4.5;References;230
6.5;Massive Young Stellar Clusters in the Milky Way;231
6.5.1;1 Introduction;231
6.5.2;2 Cygnus OB2;232
6.5.3;3 Westerlund 1;233
6.5.4;4 The Red Supergiant Clusters;234
6.5.5;5 Future Work;235
6.5.6;References;236
7;Part V The Sun and the Solar System;238
7.1;The Impact of Energetic Particle Precipitation on the Earth's Atmosphere;239
7.1.1;1 Introduction;239
7.1.2;2 MIPAS Observations;240
7.1.3;3 Composition Changes During the October/November 2003 Solar Proton Event;241
7.1.4;4 Polar Winter Descent of NOx Generated by Energetic Electron Precipitation During 2002–2004;242
7.1.5;5 Conclusions;246
7.1.6;References;246
7.2;Marco Polo: Hunting and Capture of Material from a Primitive Asteroid;248
7.2.1;1 Introduction;248
7.2.2;2 Scientific Objectives;249
7.2.3;3 Possible Targets;251
7.2.4;4 Mission Scenario;252
7.2.5;5 Payload;254
7.2.6;6 The Spanish Contribution;256
7.2.7;7 Conclusions;257
7.2.8;References;257
8;Part VI Observatories and Instrumentation;258
8.1;The DUNE Mission;259
8.1.1;1 Introduction;259
8.1.2;2 The Dark Universe Explorer Concept;260
8.1.3;3 The Euclid Mission Concept;262
8.1.3.1;3.1 The Euclid Mission Implementation;264
8.1.3.2;3.2 The Euclid Mission Assessment Phase;265
8.2;The Nordic Optical Telescope;267
8.2.1;1 Introduction;267
8.2.2;2 NOT User Services;268
8.2.3;3 ALFOSC;269
8.2.4;4 FIES;270
8.2.5;5 NOTCam;271
8.2.6;6 MOSCA;272
8.2.7;7 StanCam;272
8.2.8;8 Visitor Instruments;272
8.2.9;9 The Educational Role of the NOT;273
8.2.10;10 Future Perspectives;273
8.2.11;References;274
8.3;The Space Telescope for Ultraviolet Astronomy WSO-UV;275
8.3.1;1 Introduction;275
8.3.2;2 Technical Overview;276
8.3.3;3 Science: Instruments and Operations;278
8.3.3.1;3.1 Imaging and Slitless Spectroscopy Instrument for Surveys: ISSIS;278
8.3.3.2;3.2 High Resolution Double Echelle Spectrograph: HIRDES;279
8.3.3.3;3.3 The Long Slit Spectrograph;280
8.3.3.4;3.4 Scientific Operations;280
8.3.4;4 Science: Core Program and Scientific Policy;281
8.3.5;References;281
8.4;Science in the Spanish Virtual Observatory;282
8.4.1;1 The Virtual Observatory;282
8.4.2;2 The Role of Science in the Virtual Observatories;283
8.4.3;3 The Role of Science in the Spanish Virtual Observatory;284
8.4.3.1;3.1 Identification of Accreting Brown Dwarfs Using VO Tools;284
8.4.3.2;3.2 Automated Determination of Physical ParametersUsing VOSA: The Case of Collinder 69;285
8.4.3.3;3.3 Young Stars and Brown Dwarfs Around Alnilam and Mintaka;288
8.4.4;References;289
9;Part VII Teaching and Outreach of Astronomy;290
9.1;Contributions of the Spanish Astronomical Society to the International Year of Astronomy 2009;291
9.1.1;1 Introduction;291
9.1.2;2 `12 Months, 12 Themes';292
9.1.3;3 `Astronomy Made in Spain';292
9.1.4;4 `A University, a Universe';293
9.1.5;5 Collaboration SEA: elpais.com;293
9.1.6;6 Funding;294
9.2;Confieso que Divulgo. Reflexiones y Experiencias de una Astrofísica;295
9.2.1;1 Prólogo;295
9.2.2;2 Reflexiones Basadas en Experiencias, Experiencias para Reflexionar;296
9.2.2.1;2.1 Señas de identidad de la divulgación científica;296
9.2.2.2;2.2 De la intuición al oficio;296
9.2.2.2.1;2.2.1 Palabra e imagen;296
9.2.2.2.2;2.2.2 Estrategias eficaces;299
9.2.2.2.3;2.2.3 Todo vale…;300
9.2.2.3;2.3 ¿Nos atrevemos?;300
9.2.2.3.1;2.3.1 Exposiciones poco convencionales;300
9.2.2.3.2;2.3.2 Espacios públicos como foros de comunicación;301
9.2.2.3.3;2.3.3 ¡Arriba el telón!;301
9.2.2.3.4;2.3.4 Sinergias infrecuentes;301
9.2.2.3.5;2.3.5 Para llegar a todos los públicos;302
9.2.3;3 Epílogo;302
10;Part VIII Abstracts of the Contributions in the Online Extra Materials;303
10.1;Galaxies and Cosmology;303
10.1.1;VIMOS-VLT Two-Dimensional Kinematics of Local Luminous Infrared Galaxies;305
10.1.2;Recovering the Real-Space Correlation Function from Photometric Redshift Surveys;306
10.1.3;Probing Outer Disk Stellar Populations;307
10.1.4;Deconstructing the K-Band Number Counts;308
10.1.5;Extremely Compact Massive Galaxies at 1.7