Gould / Pate State Fragility Around the World

Fractured Justice and Fierce Reprisal
1. Auflage 2016
ISBN: 978-1-4665-7768-8
Verlag: Taylor & Francis
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 302 Seiten

Failed and fragile states often govern through the criminalization of otherwise inconsequential or tolerated acts. These weak states also frequently use kidnapping, murder, and other violent or oppressive tactics to maintain order and stay in power. State Fragility Around the World: Fractured Justice and Fierce Reprisal analyzes the path to state failure, one manifestation of which appears through the fragility and dysfunction of its criminal justice system. This book examines what happens when a government loses the ability, or will, to provide basic goods and services to its constituents.

Acknowledging the tremendous variability of failed and fragile states, the case studies and analyses contained in this book suggest the existence of functional and structural attributes common across most state systems. The authors explore the plights of various states in which key elements related to their criminal justice systems are weak or fragile. States under examination include Mexico, Afghanistan, Iran, Syria, and Georgia. Special attention is given to Somalia, Sudan, and South Sudan, which serve as examples of what happens to a state that fails in virtually all aspects of governance.

Using a unique approach, State Fragility Around the World articulates a specific method for assessing relative state fragility. Using this method, natural groupings of relative fragility and stability evolve, providing an unprecedented way to compare social phenomena and functionality across national and regional borders. Readers will also gain a deeper understanding of what it means to be a fragile state as well as how state fragility affects core freedoms, the criminal justice process, and mechanisms of punishment.

Zielgruppe

Government, criminal justice, and security professionals; diplomats; international studies experts; and foreign policy professionals.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Gould, Laurie A.

Pate, Matthew

Fachgebiete

• Sozialwissenschaften Politikwissenschaft Politische Gewalt Terrorismus, Religiöser Fundamentalismus
• Rechtswissenschaften Strafrecht
• Mathematik | Informatik EDV | Informatik Technische Informatik Computersicherheit

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Introduction: The State as System
References

Circumventing the System: Justice Delivery in Fragile States
Extrajudicial Killings
Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances of Persons
Torture
References

Punishment in Fragile States
Incarceration
The Death Penalty
Corporal Punishment
Political Imprisonment
Former Prisoners as Agents of Terror
References

Terrorism in Fragile States
Theoretical Perspectives
Terrorism Defined
The Intersection of Anomie and Terrorism
Ungoverned Spaces in the Middle East
Syria in Historical Context
Modern Syria
The Development of the Islamic State
Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi: Current Leader of the Islamic State (Caliph)
Criminal Justice Under the Islamic State
Scholarly Backlash
Boko Haram: The Other Caliphate
References

The Relationship between Transnational Crime and State Fragility
Introduction
Transnational Crimes
Mexico: A Country on the Brink of Failure?
Afghanistan
Common Drug Trafficking Routes
The Effects of the Drug Trade
Cybercrime and Cyberwarfare
Organized Criminal Groups Involved in Cybercrime
Money Laundering
Liechtenstein: Europe’s Most Successful "Laundry"
State Fragility and Transnational Organized Crime
References

Gender Violence and Gender-Based Disparities in Fragile States
Gender Violence Cross-Nationally
Gender-Based Violence
Gender-Based Disparities
Human Trafficking
Conclusion
References

Case Study Georgia: A State on the Verge of Failure
Recent History and Decline
Crime and Criminal Justice Issues
Reducing Corruption: A Success Story in Progress
Making Sense of Fragility
References

Case Studies: Weak and Failing States
Somalia
Sudan and South Sudan
Darfur
Making Sense of Failure
References

Concluding Thoughts
What Then Can Be Done?
References

Über Autor(innen)

Laurie A. Gould is an associate professor of criminal justice and criminology at Georgia Southern University in Statesboro, Georgia. She was previously an assistant professor of the same at the University of Texas at Arlington. She received her PhD in public affairs, with a specialization in criminal justice, from the University of Central Florida in Orlando. Her primary areas of expertise focus on state fragility, comparative penology, and gender disparities. Her work has been published in a variety of journals, including The British Journal of Criminology, Violence Against Women, and Women & Criminal Justice. She is also the coauthor of the book Corporal Punishment Around the World. She is an active member of the Council on Undergraduate Research, where she serves as both a councilor and issue editor for The CUR Quarterly.

Matthew Pate is a senior research fellow and lecturer with the Violence Research Group in the School of Criminal Justice at the State University of New York, University at Albany. In addition to a doctorate in criminal justice, he also holds an undergraduate degree in history as well as advanced degrees in sociology and environmental design. His research centers on comparative criminal justice and the history of crime. He has published extensively on matters of race, inequality, and disparity. He is a former law enforcement executive and has served as a consultant to police agencies across the United States.