Gould / Schiffer Modern Material Culture

The Archaeology of Us
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9920-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 347 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: Studies in Archaeology

Modern Material Culture

Autoren/Hrsg.

Gould, Richard A.

Schiffer, Michael B.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Modern Material Culture: The Archaeology of Us;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;List of Contributors;14
6;Preface;16
7;PART 1: METHOD AND THEORY IN MODERN MATERIAL-CULTURE STUDIES;20
7.1;Chapter 1. Archaeology's Relationship to the Present and the Past;24
7.1.1;Acknowledgments;33
7.2;Chapter 2. The Modern Material-Culture Field School: Teaching Archaeology on the University Campus;34
7.2.1;Introduction;34
7.2.2;Teaching Archaeological Fieldwork;35
7.2.3;Course Design;39
7.2.4;The Projects;42
7.2.5;Discussion and Conclusions;47
7.3;Chapter 3. The Use of Material Culture in Diachronic Anthropology;50
7.3.1;The Use of Material Culture in Diachronic Anthropology;51
7.3.2;Social Change within Isolated Agricultural Communities;52
7.3.3;Comparative Mennonite Architectural Change;55
7.3.4;Social versus Chronological Time;59
7.3.5;Results: Quantitative Comparison of Change Trends;59
7.3.6;An Explanation and Discussion of Rapid Internal Diffusion in Isolated Agricultural Communities;65
7.3.7;Summary and Discussion;67
7.4;Chapter 4. A Manifesto for Modern Material-Culture Studies;70
8;PART 2: EARLY AND LATE AMERICANA;76
8.1;Chapter 5. Waste Not, Want Not: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of Reuse in Tucson, Arizona;86
8.1.1;Preliminary Definitions;87
8.1.2;Background to the Reuse Project;88
8.1.3;The Reuse Project;90
8.1.4;Reuse Project Findings;93
8.1.5;Cross-Cultural Implications;102
8.1.6;Conclusions;104
8.1.7;Acknowledgments;105
8.2;Chapter 6. Graffiti and Racial Insults: The Archaeology of Ethnic Relations in Hawaii;106
8.2.1;The Artifacts;107
8.2.2;Analysis of Content;111
8.2.3;Distribution of Sites;114
8.2.4;Graffiti Are Products of Liminal Spaces;114
8.2.5;Ethnographic Confirmation;116
8.2.6;Review and Summary;117
8.3;Chapter 7. A Herbalist's Shop in Honolulu: Traditional Merchandising in a Modern Setting;120
8.3.1;Introduction;120
8.3.2;The Research;121
8.3.3;Goals;125
8.3.4;Analysis;125
8.4;Chapter 8. Ideology and Material Culture;132
8.4.1;The Museum As ISA;135
8.4.2;Conclusions;143
8.4.3;Acknowledgements;144
8.5;Chapter 9. Don't Fence Me In;146
8.6;Chapter 10.
The Cemetery and Culture Change:
Archaeological Focus and
Ethnographic Perspective;156
8.6.1;What Can Gravestones Tell Us about Community?;156
8.6.2;Why the Cemetery?;157
8.6.3;The Types of Data: Form and Substance;157
8.6.4;Pictures and Decorations;158
8.6.5;Size;158
8.6.6;Inscriptions;159
8.6.7;Geography;160
8.6.8;The Cemetery As a Model;160
8.6.9;Testing the Model Idea;161
8.6.10;The Quantitative Data;162
8.6.11;The Federal Period;169
8.6.12;The Civil War Period;170
8.6.13;The Industrial Expansion Period;171
8.6.14;The "Reform" Period;173
8.6.15;"Miscellaneous" Observations;177
8.6.16;Acknowledgments;178
8.7;Chapter 11. Pennies from Denver;180
8.7.1;The Data and Their Collection;181
8.7.2;Description and Analysis: Physical Attributes;181
8.7.3;Variation in Dates;182
8.7.4;Variation in Mint Location;184
8.7.5;Production, Distribution, Consumption;185
8.7.6;Decision-Making at the Mint;187
8.7.7;Measuring the "Need" for Pennies;189
8.7.8;Withdrawal from Circulation;192
8.7.9;Interpretive Models;196
8.7.10;Money as Ritual;198
8.7.11;Summary and Conclusion;199
8.7.12;Acknowledgments;200
8.8;Chapter 12. The Raw and the Cooked: The Material Culture of a Modern Supermarket;202
8.8.1;Introduction;202
8.8.2;Methodology;203
8.8.3;Data Analysis;206
8.9;Chapter 13. The Community Store: A Dispersal Center for Material Goods in Rural America;216
8.9.1;Introduction;216
8.9.2;Methodology;218
8.9.3;The Friendly Market;219
8.9.4;Discussion and Conclusions;229
8.9.5;Acknowledgments;231
8.10;Chapter 14. A Microarchaeological View of Human Settlement Space and Function;232
8.10.1;The Goffman Model;233
8.10.2;The Field Study;234
8.10.3;Other Studies;236
8.10.4;Yellen's Study and Model;238
8.10.5;Conclusions;241
8.11;Chapter 15. The Archaeological Significance of Counting Houses: Ethnoarchaeological Evidence;244
8.11.1;Estimating Population From Domestic Structures;245
8.11.2;Mean Household Size through Time;245
8.11.3;The Significance of Counting Houses;248
8.11.4;Conclusion;251
8.11.5;Acknowledgments;252
9;PART 3: EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES;254
9.1;Chapter 16. Experimentation with Modern Materials;258
9.1.1;Conclusion;264
9.1.2;Acknowledgments;265
9.2;Chapter 17. A Simulative Experiment in Simple Product Manufacture;266
9.2.1;The Simulative Experiment;267
9.2.2;Summary of Observations;268
9.2.3;Discussion and Summary;272
9.2.4;Acknowledgments;273
9.3;Chapter 18. Cumulative Graphs and Seriation;274
9.3.1;Conclusions;282
9.3.2;Further Implications;283
9.3.3;Acknowledgments;285
10;PART 3: TRADITIONAL TECHNOLOGIES
IN THE PRESENT;286
10.1;Chapter 19. Brandon Revisited: A New Look at an Old Technology;288
10.1.1;Brandon: The Setting;289
10.1.2;Fieldwork in Brandon;290
10.1.3;Flint Procurement;291
10.1.4;Manufacture;292
10.1.5;Discard;297
10.1.6;Production;297
10.1.7;The Principle of Archaisms;298
10.1.8;The End Is Near;299
10.1.9;Acknowledgments;300
10.2;Chapter 20. Making Stone Vases: Contemporary Manufacture of Material-Culture Items in Upper Egypt;302
10.2.1;Ancient Egyptian Use of Alabaster;304
10.2.2;Geologic Sources of Alabaster;304
10.2.3;Alabaster-Working in Ancient Egypt;305
10.2.4;Contemporary Alabaster Technology;308
10.2.5;Socioeconomics and Organization of the Workshop;315
10.2.6;Concluding Comments;318
10.2.7;Acknowledgments;320
10.3;Chapter 21.
A Study of the Work
of a Modern Tanner in
Ethiopia and Its Relevance for
Archaeological Interpretation;322
10.3.1;Introduction;322
10.3.2;Obsidian Scrapers and Ethiopian Tanners;323
10.3.3;Morphological Characteristics of Hide Scrapers;327
10.3.4;Analysis of Edge-Wear;330
10.3.5;The Chawa Homestead and Disposal of Obsidian Waste;333
10.3.6;Archaeological Evidence for Hide Scrapers in Ethiopia;338
10.3.7;Conclusion;339
11;References;342
12;Subject Index;362
13;STUDIES IN ARCHAEOLOGY;367