Hayslett / Murphy Statistics

1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4831-0605-2
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 256 Seiten, Web PDF

Statistics covers the basic principles of Statistics. The book starts by tackling the importance and the two kinds of statistics; the presentation of sample data; the definition, illustration and explanation of several measures of location; and the measures of variation. The text then discusses elementary probability, the normal distribution and the normal approximation to the binomial. Testing of statistical hypotheses and tests of hypotheses about the theoretical proportion of successes in a binomial population and about the theoretical mean of a normal population are explained. The text then considers testing of hypotheses about the mean of a normal population when the population variance is not known and testing the hypotheses about the mean of populations that are not normal. The book also describes correlation and regression, confidence limits, non-parametric statistics, and the analysis of variance. The text concludes by giving more complex problems and step-by-step directions for the various statistical tests. Statisticians and students taking Statistics courses will find the book invaluable.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Hayslett, H. T.

Murphy, Patrick

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Statistics;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;Foreword;6
6;CHAPTER I. WHAT IS STATISTICS;12
6.1;The Present Importance of Statistics;13
6.2;Two Kinds of Statistics;14
7;CHAPTER II. PICTORIAL DESCRIPTION OF DATA;17
7.1;Introduction;17
7.2;Selecting a Random Sample;17
7.3;Classification of Data;18
7.4;Frequency Distributions and Cumulative Frequency Distributions;21
7.5;Graphical Representation of Data Histogram;22
7.6;Exercises;25
8;CHAPTER III. MEASURES OF LOCATION;27
8.1;Introduction;27
8.2;The Mid-range;27
8.3;The Mode;28
8.4;The Median;28
8.5;The Arithmetic Mean;28
8.6;The Median of Classified Data;29
8.7;Summation Notation;33
8.8;The Mean of Classified Data;35
8.9;Exercises;37
9;CHAPTER IV. MEASURES OF VARIATION;38
9.1;Introduction;38
9.2;The Range;39
9.3;The Mean Absolute Deviation;40
9.4;The Variance and the Standard Deviation;41
9.5;The Variance and Standard Deviation of Classified Data;46
9.6;Exercises;50
10;CHAPTER V. ELEMENTARY PROBABILITY AND THE BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION;52
10.1;Introduction;52
10.2;Probabilities of Simple Events;53
10.3;Probabilities of Two Events;56
10.4;Probabilities for Combinations of Three or More Events;62
10.5;Permutations;66
10.6;Combinations;69
10.7;More Probability;73
10.8;The Binomial Distribution;73
10.9;The Theoretical Mean of the Binomial Distribution;82
10.10;The Theoretical Variance of the Binomial Distribution;86
10.11;Exercises;89
11;CHAPTER VI. THE NORMAL DISTRIBUTION;91
11.1;Introduction;91
11.2;The Normal Distribution;92
11.3;Use of Standard Normal Tables;94
11.4;More Normal Probabilities;100
11.5;The Normal Approximation to the Binomial;102
11.6;Exercises;109
12;CHAPTER VII. SOME TESTS OF STATISTICAL HYPOTHESES;111
12.1;Introduction;111
12.2;The Nature of a Statistical Hypothesis—Two Types of Error;111
12.3;Test of Ho: p = p0 versus a Specified Alternative;114
12.4;Tests about the Mean of a Normal Distribution;120
12.5;Exercises;123
13;CHAPTER VIII. MORE TESTS OF HYPOTHESES;124
13.1;Introduction;124
13.2;Test of Ho: µ = µ0, Normal Population, s2 Unknown;124
13.3;Tests about the Mean of a Non-normal Population;128
13.4;Tests about the Difference of Two Proportions;130
13.5;Tests about the Difference of Two Means;135
13.6;Exercises;141
14;CHAPTER IX. CORRELATION AND REGRESSION;142
14.1;The Sample Correlation Coefficient;142
14.2;Computation of r;145
14.3;Testing Hypotheses about the Population Correlation Coefficient;146
14.4;Linear Regression;150
14.5;Finding the Regression (Least-squares) Line;151
14.6;Testing Hypotheses about µ in a Regression Problem;154
14.7;Testing Hypotheses about ß in a Regression Problem;158
14.8;Exercises;159
15;CHAPTER X. CONFIDENCE LIMITS;161
15.1;Introduction;161
15.2;Confidence Intervals for µ;163
15.3;Confidence Interval for p;167
15.4;Confidence Interval for µ1 — µ2;169
15.5;Confidence Interval for p1 — p2;174
15.6;Confidence Interval for .;176
15.7;Exercises;178
16;CHAPTER XI. NON-PARAMETRIC STATISTICS;179
16.1;Introduction;179
16.2;The Chi-squared Distribution;179
16.3;Contingency Tables;187
16.4;The Rank-correlation Coefficient;191
16.5;The Sign Test (One Population);195
16.6;The Wilcoxon Signed-rank Test;198
16.7;The Rank-sum Test (Two Populations);200
16.8;Exercise;204
17;CHAPTER XII. THE ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE;206
17.1;Introduction;206
17.2;One-way Analysis of Variance;207
17.3;One-way Analysis of Variance—Another Approach;213
17.4;One-way Analysis of Variance, Different Sample Sizes;218
17.5;Two-way Analysis of Variance;223
17.6;Exercises;228
18;APPENDIX:;229
18.1;LIST OF SELECTED SYMBOLS;229
18.2;t-Distribution;230
18.3;Area of the Standard Normal Distribution;237
18.4;.2-DISTRIBUTION;239
18.5;Fisher-z Values (zf);240
18.6;Spearman Rank-correlation Coefficient (rs);241
18.7;Wilcoxon Signed-rank Values;241
18.8;Rank-sum Critical Values;242
18.9;F-Distribution a=0.05;243
19;ANSWERS TO EXERCISES;251
20;INDEX;256