Hearn Mechanics of Materials

An Introduction to the Mechanics of Elastic and Plastic Deformation of Solids and Structural Components
2. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4831-0554-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 542 Seiten, Web PDF

Mechanics of Materials, Second Edition, Volume 2 presents discussions and worked examples of the behavior of solid bodies under load. The book covers the components and their respective mechanical behavior. The coverage of the text includes components such cylinders, struts, and diaphragms. The book covers the methods for analyzing experimental stress; torsion of non-circular and thin-walled sections; and strains beyond the elastic limit. Fatigue, creep, and fracture are also discussed. The text will be of great use to undergraduate and practitioners of various engineering braches, such as materials engineering and structural engineering.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Hearn, E. J.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;2
2;Mechanics of Materials;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;INTRODUCTION;24
6;NOTATION;27
7;CHAPTER 16. UNSYMMETRICAL BENDING;32
7.1;Summary;32
7.2;Introduction;33
7.3;16.1. Product second moment of area;34
7.4;16.2. Principal second moments of area;35
7.5;16.3. Mohr's circle of second moments of area;37
7.6;16.4. Land's circle of second moments of area;38
7.7;16.5. Rotation of axes: determination of moments of area in terms of the principal values;38
7.8;16.6. The ellipse of second moments of area;40
7.9;16.7. Momental ellipse;41
7.10;16.8. Stress determination;42
7.11;16.9. Alternative procedure for stress determination;42
7.12;16.10. Alternative procedure using the momental ellipse;44
7.13;16.11. Deflections;45
7.14;Examples;46
7.15;Problems;55
8;CHAPTER 17. STRUTS;58
8.1;Summary;58
8.2;17.1. Euler's theory;61
8.3;17.2. Equivalent strut length;65
8.4;17.3. Comparison of Euler theory with experimental results;66
8.5;17.4. Euler "validity limit";67
8.6;17.5. Rankine or Rankine-Gordon formula;68
8.7;17.6. Perry-Robertson formula;69
8.8;17.7. British Standard procedure ;71
8.9;17.8. Struts with initial curvature;71
8.10;17.9. Struts with eccentric load;72
8.11;17.10. Laterally loaded struts;76
8.12;17.11. Alternative procedure for any strut-loading condition;78
8.13;17.12. Struts with unsymmetrical cross-sections;80
8.14;Problems;87
9;CHAPTER 18. STRAINS BEYOND THE ELASTIC LIMIT;91
9.1;Summary;91
9.2;Introduction;92
9.3;18.1. Plastic bending of rectangular-sectioned beams;94
9.4;18.2. Shape factor–symmetrical sections;95
9.5;18.3. Application to I-section beams;97
9.6;18.4. Partially plastic bending of unsymmetrical sections;97
9.7;18.5. Shape factor–unsymmetrical sections;98
9.8;18.6. Deflections of partially plastic beams;99
9.9;18.7. Length of yielded area in beams;99
9.10;18.8. Collapse loads–plastic limit design;101
9.11;18.9. Residual stresses after yielding: elastic-perfectly plastic material;103
9.12;18.10. Torsion of shafts beyond the elastic limit–plastic torsion;105
9.13;18.11. Angles of twist of shafts strained beyond the elastic limit;107
9.14;18.12. Plastic torsion of hollow tubes;107
9.15;18.13. Plastic torsion of case-hardened shafts;109
9.16;18.14. Residual stresses after yield in torsion;109
9.17;18.15. Plastic bending and torsion of strain-hardening materials;110
9.18;18.16. Residual stresses–strain-hardening materials;114
9.19;18.17. Influence of residual stresses on bending and torsional strengths;114
9.20;18.18. Plastic yielding in the eccentric loading of rectangular sections;114
9.21;18.19. Plastic yielding and residual stresses under axial loading with stress concentrations;116
9.22;18.20. Plastic yielding of axially symmetric components ;117
9.23;Examples;126
9.24;Problems;139
10;CHAPTER 19. RINGS, DISCS AND CYLINDERS SUBJECTED TO ROTATION AND THERMAL GRADIENTS;147
10.1;Summary;147
10.2;19.1. Thin rotating ring or cylinder;148
10.3;19.2. Rotating solid disc;149
10.4;19.3. Rotating disc with a central hole;152
10.5;19.4. Rotating thick cylinders or solid shafts;154
10.6;19.5. Rotating disc of uniform strength;156
10.7;19.6. Combined rotational and thermal stresses in uniform discs and thick cylinders;157
10.8;Examples;159
10.9;Problems;167
11;CHAPTER 20. TORSION OF NON-CIRCULAR AND THIN-WALLED SECTIONS;171
11.1;Summary;171
11.2;20.1. Rectangular sections;172
11.3;20.2. Narrow rectangular sections;173
11.4;20.3. Thin-walled open sections;173
11.5;20.4. Thin-walled split tube;175
11.6;20.5. Other solid (non-tubular) shafts;175
11.7;20.6. Thin-walled closed tubes of non-circular section (Bredt—Batho theory);177
11.8;20.7. Use of "equivalent J" for torsion of non-circular sections;179
11.9;20.8. Thin-walled cellular sections;180
11.10;20.9 Torsion of thin-walled stiffened sections;181
11.11;20.10. Membrane analogy;182
11.12;20.11. Effect of warping of open sections;183
11.13;Examples;184
11.14;Problems;190
12;CHAPTER 21. EXPERIMENTAL STRESS ANALYSIS;197
12.1;Introduction;197
12.2;21.1. Brittle lacquers;198
12.3;21.2. Strain gauges;202
12.4;21.3. Unbalanced bridge circuit;204
12.5;21.4. Null balance or balanced bridge circuit;204
12.6;21.5. Gauge construction;204
12.7;21.6. Gauge selection;206
12.8;21.7. Temperature compensation;206
12.9;21.8. Installation procedure;207
12.10;21.9. Basic measurement systems;208
12.11;21.10. D.C. and A.C. systems;210
12.12;21.11. Other types of strain gauge;211
12.13;21.12. Photoelasticity;212
12.14;21.13. Plane-polarised light–basic polariscope arrangements;213
12.15;21.14. Temporary birefringence;213
12.16;21.15. Production of fringe patterns;215
12.17;21.16. Interpretation of fringe patterns;216
12.18;21.17. Calibration;217
12.19;21.18. Fractional fringe order determination–compensation techniques;218
12.20;21.19. Isoclinics–circular polarisation;219
12.21;21.20. Stress separation procedures;221
12.22;21.21. Three-dimensional photoelasticity;221
12.23;21.22. Reflective coating technique(12);221
12.24;21.23. Other methods of strain measurement;223
12.25;Bibliography;223
13;CHAPTER 22. CIRCULAR PLATES AND DIAPHRAGMS;224
13.1;Summary;224
13.2;22.1. Stresses;226
13.3;22.2. Bending moments;228
13.4;22.3. General equation for slope and deflection;228
13.5;22.4. General case of a circular plate or diaphragm subjected to combined uniformly distributed load q (pressure) and central concentrated load F;230
13.6;22.5. Uniformly loaded circular plate with edges clamped;231
13.7;22.6. Uniformly loaded circular plate with edges freely supported;233
13.8;22.7. Circular plate with central concentrated load F and edges clamped;234
13.9;22.8. Circular plate with central concentrated load F and edges freely supported;235
13.10;22.9. Circular plate subjected to a load F distributed round a circle;237
13.11;22.10. Application to the loading of annular rings;239
13.12;22.11. Summary of end conditions;239
13.13;22.12. Stress distributions in circular plates and diaphragms subjected to lateral pressures;240
13.14;22.13. Discussion of results–limitations of theory;242
13.15;22.14. Other loading cases of practical importance;243
13.16;22.15. Rectangular plates with simply supported edges carrying uniformly distributed loads;244
13.17;22.16. Rectangular plates with clamped edges carrying uniformly distributed loads;245
13.18;Examples;246
13.19;Problems;249
14;CHAPTER 23. INTRODUCTION TO ADVANCED ELASTICITY THEORY;251
14.1;23.1. Type of stress;251
14.2;23.2. The cartesian stress components: notation and sign convention;251
14.3;23.3. The state of stress at a point;252
14.4;23.4. Direct, shear and resultant stresses in an oblique plane;255
14.5;23.5. Principal stresses and strains in three dimensions — Mohr's circle representation;259
14.6;23.6. Graphical determination of the direction of the shear stress tn on an inclined plane in a three-dimensional principal stress system;260
14.7;23.7. The combined Mohr diagram for three-dimensional stress and strain systems;261
14.8;23.8. Application of the combined circle to two-dimensional stress systems;264
14.9;23.9. Graphical construction for the state of stress at a point;265
14.10;23.10. Construction for the state of strain on a general strain plane;266
14.11;23.11. State of stress–tensor notation;267
14.12;23.12. The stress equations of equilibrium;268
14.13;23.13. Principal stresses in a three-dimensional cartesian stress system;273
14.14;23.14. Stress invariants; Eigen values and Eigen vectors;275
14.15;23.15. Stress invariants;276
14.16;23.16. Reduced stresses;278
14.17;23.17. Strain invariants;279
14.18;23.18. Alternative procedure for determination of principal stresses (eigen values);280
14.19;23.19. Octahedral planes and stresses;281
14.20;23.20. Deviatoric stresses;283
14.21;23.21. Deviatoric strains;285
14.22;23.22. Plane stress and plane strain;286
14.23;23.23. The stress–strain relations;289
14.24;23.24. The strain–displacement relationships;290
14.25;23.25. The strain equations of transformation;292
14.26;23.26. Compatibility;293
14.27;23.27. The stress function concept;295
14.28;Examples;316
14.29;Problems;322
15;CHAPTER 24. MISCELLANEOUS TOPICS;332
15.1;24.1. BENDING OF BEAMS WITH INITIAL CURVATURE;332
15.2;24.2. BENDING OF WIDE BEAMS;338
15.3;24.3. GENERAL EXPRESSION FOR STRESSES IN THIN-WALLED SHELLS SUBJECTED TO PRESSURE OR SELF-WEIGHT;340
15.4;24.4. BENDING STRESSES AT DISCONTINUITIES IN THIN SHELLS;341
15.5;24.5. VISCOELASTICITY;344
15.6;24.6. INTRODUCTION TO THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD;350
15.7;References;370
15.8;Examples;370
16;CHAPTER 25. CONTACT STRESS, RESIDUAL STRESS AND STRESS CONCENTRATIONS;378
16.1;Summary;378
16.2;25.1. CONTACT STRESSES;379
16.3;25.2. RESIDUAL STRESSES;391
16.4;25.3. STRESS CONCENTRATIONS;405
16.5;References;432
16.6;Examples;434
16.7;Problems;439
17;CHAPTER 26. FATIGUE, CREEP AND FRACTURE;440
17.1;Summary;440
17.2;26.1. FATIGUE;443
17.3;26.2. CREEP;459
17.4;26.3. FRACTURE MECHANICS;470
17.5;References;488
17.6;Examples;488
17.7;Problems;501
18;APPENDIX 1: TYPICAL MECHANICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES FOR ENGINEERING METALS;507
19;APPENDIX 2: TYPICAL MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS;508
20;APPENDIX 3: OTHER PROPERTIES OF NON-METALS;509
21;INDEX;510