Holst / Hensel / Redmer Metal-to-Nonmetal Transitions

1. Auflage 2010
ISBN: 978-3-642-03953-9
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Wasserzeichen (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 200 Seiten

Metal-to-Nonmetal Transitions presents the current research in the field from both physical and chemical perspectives. Discussions of the macroscopic, microscopic and quantum aspects of these transitions make this a useful reference for researchers and students.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Holst, Bastian

Hensel, Friedrich

Redmer, Ronald

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
1.1;References;10
2;Contents;12
3;1 Luttinger, Peierls or Mott? Quantum Phase Transitions in Strongly Correlated 1D Electron–Phonon Systems;17
3.1;1.1 Introduction;17
3.2;1.2 Luttinger–Peierls Metal–Insulator Transition;19
3.3;1.3 Peierls–Mott Insulator–Insulator Transition;25
3.4;1.4 On the Possibility of an Intervening Metallic Phase;30
3.5;1.5 Limiting Cases;32
3.5.1;1.5.1 Adiabatic Holstein–Hubbard Model;32
3.5.2;1.5.2 Spin–Peierls Model;33
3.6;1.6 Conclusions;34
3.6.1;Acknowledgements;36
3.7;References;36
4;2 The Metal–Nonmetal Transition in Fluid Mercury: Landau–Zeldovich Revisited;38
4.1;2.1 Introduction;38
4.2;2.2 The Liquid–Vapor Phase Boundary of Mercury;39
4.3;References;49
5;3 The Influence of Pauli Blocking Effects on the Mott Transition in Dense Hydrogen;51
5.1;3.1 Introduction;51
5.2;3.2 Bound States in a Plasma;53
5.2.1;3.2.1 Generalized Beth–Uhlenbeck Equation;53
5.2.2;3.2.2 Effective Schrödinger Equation of Pairs;54
5.2.3;3.2.3 Evaluation of the Mean-Field Energy Shift of Bound States: Perturbation Theory;56
5.2.4;3.2.4 Evaluation of the Mean-Field Energy Shift of Bound States: Variational Approach;59
5.2.5;3.2.5 Evaluation of the Mean-Field Energy Shift of Bound States Including the Fock Term;62
5.2.6;3.2.6 Discussion of Further Contributions to the Shift;64
5.3;3.3 Thermodynamic Functions and Ionization Equilibriumof Hydrogen;65
5.3.1;3.3.1 The Chemical Picture;65
5.3.2;3.3.2 The Ionization Equilibrium;68
5.4;3.4 Discussion and Conclusions;72
5.4.1;Acknowledgment;73
5.5;References;73
6;4 Metal–Insulator Transition in Dense Hydrogen;76
6.1;4.1 Introduction;76
6.2;4.2 Mott Effect in Dense Plasmas;77
6.2.1;4.2.1 Theoretical Concept;77
6.2.2;4.2.2 Experimental Signatures;79
6.3;4.3 Advanced Chemical Models;80
6.3.1;4.3.1 Free Energy Model for the EOS of Dense Hydrogen;80
6.3.2;4.3.2 Reduced Volume Concept;81
6.3.3;4.3.3 Results for the EOS;82
6.4;4.4 Warm Dense Hydrogen in the Physical Picture;84
6.4.1;4.4.1 Quantum Molecular Dynamics Simulations;84
6.4.2;4.4.2 Ab Initio EOS Data and Hugoniot Curve;86
6.4.3;4.4.3 Dynamic Conductivity;90
6.5;4.5 Conclusion;92
6.5.1;Acknowledgment;93
6.6;References;93
7;5 Resolving the Ion and Electron Dynamics in Finite Systems Exposed to Intense Optical Laser Fields;98
7.1;5.1 Introduction;98
7.1.1;The Role of Collective Effects;99
7.2;5.2 Experimental Challenge;104
7.2.1;Ultrafast Laser System;107
7.3;5.3 Computational Details;108
7.4;5.4 Results and Discussion;113
7.4.1;5.4.1 Energetic Particle Emission;113
7.4.1.1;Electron Yield;116
7.4.2;5.4.2 Time-Resolved Studies;116
7.4.3;5.4.3 Directed Electron Emission;120
7.4.4;5.4.4 Control Experiments;122
7.5;5.5 Conclusions;124
7.6;References;124
8;6 Mott Effect in Nuclear Matter;127
8.1;6.1 Introduction;127
8.2;6.2 Single Particle Spectral Function and Self-Energy;129
8.3;6.3 Two-Particle Contribution: Generalized Beth–UhlenbeckFormula and Virial Expansion;132
8.4;6.4 Cluster Mean-Field Approximation;136
8.5;6.5 Nucleon–Nucleon Interaction;139
8.6;6.6 Quasiparticle Approximation and the EoS at High Densities;142
8.7;6.7 Medium Modifications of Two-Particle Correlations;144
8.8;6.8 Medium Modification of Cluster Properties;148
8.9;6.9 Composition of Normal Nuclear Matter;151
8.10;6.10 Comparison with the Concept of Excluded Volume;155
8.11;6.11 Two-Particle Condensates at Low Temperatures;155
8.12;6.12 Four-Particle Condensates and Quartetting in Nuclear Matter;158
8.13;6.13 Suppression of Condensate Fraction in Matter at Zero Temperature;162
8.14;6.14 Enhancement of Cluster c.o.m. S Orbital Occupation in 4n Nuclei;165
8.15;6.15 Conclusions;168
8.15.1;Acknowledgment;170
8.16;References;171
9;7 BEC–BCS Crossover in Strongly Interacting Matter;173
9.1;7.1 Introduction;173
9.2;7.2 Quark Matter;175
9.2.1;7.2.1 Partition Function and Model Lagrangian;175
9.2.2;7.2.2 Hubbard–Stratonovich Transformation: Bosonization;176
9.2.3;7.2.3 Mean-Field Approximation: Order Parameters;177
9.2.4;7.2.4 Phase Diagram;178
9.2.5;7.2.5 Gaussian Fluctuations: Bound and Scattering States;181
9.3;7.3 Further Developments;187
9.4;7.4 Nuclear Matter;188
9.4.1;7.4.1 Lagrangian Approach to the Partition Function (NJL vs. Walecka model);188
9.4.2;7.4.2 Hubbard–Stratonovich Transformation: Bosonization;189
9.4.3;7.4.3 Mean-Field Approximation: Order Parameters and EoS;190
9.4.4;7.4.4 Discussion;192
9.5;7.5 Conclusions;193
9.6;References;193
10;Index;195