Illanes Enzyme Biocatalysis

Principles and Applications
1. Auflage 2008
ISBN: 978-1-4020-8361-7
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 392 Seiten

This book was written with the purpose of providing a sound basis for the design of enzymatic reactions based on kinetic principles, but also to give an updated vision of the potentials and limitations of biocatalysis, especially with respect to recent app- cations in processes of organic synthesis. The ?rst ?ve chapters are structured in the form of a textbook, going from the basic principles of enzyme structure and fu- tion to reactor design for homogeneous systems with soluble enzymes and hete- geneous systems with immobilized enzymes. The last chapter of the book is divided into six sections that represent illustrative case studies of biocatalytic processes of industrial relevance or potential, written by experts in the respective ?elds. We sincerely hope that this book will represent an element in the toolbox of gr- uate students in applied biology and chemical and biochemical engineering and also of undergraduate students with formal training in organic chemistry, biochemistry, thermodynamics and chemical reaction kinetics. Beyond that, the book pretends also to illustrate the potential of biocatalytic processes with case studies in the ?eld of organic synthesis, which we hope will be of interest for the academia and prof- sionals involved in R&D&I. If some of our young readers are encouraged to engage or persevere in their work in biocatalysis this will certainly be our more precious reward.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Illanes, Andrés

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Contents;5
2;Foreword;9
3;Introduction;11
3.1;1.1 Catalysis and Biocatalysis;11
3.2;1.2 Enzymes as Catalysts. Structure–Functionality Relationships;14
3.3;1.3 The Concept and Determination of Enzyme Activity;18
3.4;1.4 Enzyme Classes. Properties and Technological Signi.cance;26
3.5;1.5 Applications of Enzymes. Enzyme as Process Catalysts;29
3.6;1.6 Enzyme Processes: the Evolution from Degradation to Synthesis. Biocatalysis in Aqueous and Non- conventional Media;41
3.7;Nomenclature;49
3.8;References;49
4;Enzyme Production;67
4.1;2.1 Enzyme Sources;67
4.2;2.2 Production of Enzymes;70
4.3;Nomenclature;98
4.4;References;99
5;Homogeneous Enzyme Kinetics;117
5.1;3.1 General Aspects;117
5.2;3.2 Hypothesis of Enzyme Kinetics. Determination of Kinetic Parameters;118
5.3;3.3 Kinetics of Enzyme Inhibition;126
5.4;3.4 Reactions with More than One Substrate;134
5.5;3.5 Environmental Variables in Enzyme Kinetics;143
5.6;Nomenclature;159
5.7;References;161
6;Heterogeneous Enzyme Kinetics;164
6.1;4.1 Enzyme Immobilization;164
6.2;4.2 Heterogeneous Kinetics: Apparent, Inherent and Intrinsic Kinetics; Mass Transfer Effects in Heterogeneous Biocatalysis;178
6.3;4.3 Partition Effects;180
6.4;4.4 Diffusional Restrictions;181
6.5;Nomenclature;204
6.6;References;206
7;Enzyme Reactors;213
7.1;5.1 Types of Reactors, Modes of Operation;213
7.2;5.2 Basic Design of Enzyme Reactors;215
7.3;5.3 Effect of Diffusional Restrictions on Enzyme Reactor Design and Performance in Heterogeneous Systems. Determination of Effectiveness Factors. Batch Reactor; Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor Under Complete Mixing; Continuous Packed- Bed Reactor Under P;231
7.4;5.4 Effect of Thermal Inactivation on Enzyme Reactor Design and Performance;232
7.5;Nomenclature;254
7.6;References;256
8;Study Cases of Enzymatic Processes;260
8.1;6.1 Proteases as Catalysts for Peptide Synthesis;260
8.2;References;275
8.3;6.2 Synthesis of;280
8.4;Lactam;280
8.5;Antibiotics with Penicillin Acylases;280
8.6;References;292
8.7;6.3 Chimioselective Esteri.cation of Wood Sterols with Lipases;299
8.8;References;322
8.9;6.4 Oxidoreductases as Powerful Biocatalysts for Green Chemistry;330
8.10;References;339
8.11;6.5 Use of Aldolases for Asymmetric Synthesis;340
8.12;References;359
8.13;6.6 Application of Enzymatic Reactors for the Degradation of Highly and Poorly Soluble Recalcitrant Compounds;362
8.14;References;382
9;Index;386