Innocenzi The Innovators Behind Leonardo

The True Story of the Scientific and Technological Renaissance
1. Auflage 2018
ISBN: 978-3-319-90449-8
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 368 Seiten

This engaging book places Leonardo da Vinci's scientific achievements within the wider context of the rapid development that occurred during the Renaissance. It demonstrates how his contributions were not in fact born of isolated genius, but rather part of a rich period of collective advancement in science and technology, which began at least 50 years prior to his birth.Readers will discover a very special moment in history, when creativity and imagination were changing the future-shaping our present. They will be amazed to discover how many technological inventions had already been conceived or even designed by the engineers and inventors who preceded Leonardo, such as Francesco di Giorgio and Taccola, the so-called Siena engineers. This engaging volume features a wealth of illustrations from a variety of original sources, such as manuscripts and codices, enabling the reader to see and judge for him or herself the influence that other Renaissance engineers and inventors had on Leonardo.

Plinio Innocenzi is a full professor of Materials Science and Materials Technology at the University of Sassari and has a special interest in science popularization at different levels.  He has a doctorate in physics but attended a Classic Lyceum dedicated to Humanities, Art, Latin, and Greek, which is why he has always maintained a multidisciplinary vision and developed a special passion for the connections between science and art. He has dedicated particular attention in recent years to Leonardo's scientific work and has participated in numerous conferences and festivals on the topic. This book is the result of Prof. Innocenzi's desire to make general readers more aware of the multifaceted origins of scientific and technological knowledge.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Innocenzi, Plinio

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Dedication;5
2;Foreword;6
3;Preface;9
4;Note to the Readers;16
5;Acknowledgements;17
6;Contents;18
7;About the Author;22
8;Abbreviations;23
9;1: Leonardo and the “Others”: Engineers and Inventors of the Early Italian Renaissance;24
9.1;The “Sienese Archimedes”: Mariano di Jacopo–Called Taccola;25
9.2;The Notebooks of Leonardo and the Siena Engineers;31
9.3;War Machines and Techniques;33
9.4;Working Methods of Leonardo and the “Others”;34
9.5;Francesco di Giorgio Martini;37
9.6;The Sangallo Family;42
9.7;Bonaccorso Ghiberti;43
9.8;Vannoccio Biringuccio;46
10;2: Cupolas and Machines;49
10.1;The Cupola;49
10.2;The Machines of Brunelleschi;52
10.3;The Lantern;57
10.4;The Missing Ball;60
10.5;A Secret Machine;61
10.6;The Fate of Brunelleschi’s Machines;62
10.7;A Man of Great Genius;65
11;3: A Codex Atlanticus: A Book Thief, Jokes, and Fake Bicycles;67
11.1;Collectors and Scissors;68
11.2;The Book Thief Guglielmo Libri;75
11.3;Bad Jokes and Bicycles;77
11.4;Bicycles Through History;82
12;4: Those Magnificent Men in Their Flying Machines;85
12.1;The Later History of the Parachute;88
12.2;Brave Parachutists;91
12.3;Other Flying Machines;93
12.4;A Flying Monk;93
12.5;Leonardo’s Glider;96
12.6;Necessary Sacrifices;98
12.7;Lost Codices;100
12.8;Leonardo and the Flight of Birds;101
12.9;The Great Kite;102
12.10;Ornithopters and Other Strange Flying Machines;105
12.11;Leonardo Was Right After All;109
12.12;The Flying Ball;112
13;5: Flotation, Walking on Water, and Diving Under the Sea;114
13.1;Devices for Flotation;114
13.2;Walking on Water;119
13.3;Divers: Maritime Sabotage from Below;120
13.4;The Surface-Supplied Diver;125
13.5;Scuba Diving: Beyond Surface-Based Air Supply;135
13.6;Machines of Marine Sabotage and Warfare;136
14;6: Paddle Boats, Submarines, and Other Sea Vessels;140
14.1;Paddle Boats;140
14.2;Further Innovations After Leonardo: Captain Francesco Ramelli and the Amphibious Armored Tank;151
14.3;Steamboats and Paddle Wheels;152
14.4;Submarines;156
14.5;The Amphibious Ship;163
14.6;The Mud Dredge;163
15;7: Wind Chariots and “Automobiles”;166
15.1;The First Wind Chariots;167
15.2;Wind-Driven Amphibious Vehicles;168
15.3;The First “Cars”;172
15.4;Francesco di Giorgio’s “Automobile”;175
15.5;Self-Propelled Work Machines;177
15.6;The Treadwheel-Powered Car;178
15.7;Leonardo’s Car;181
16;8: Perpetuum Mobile;185
16.1;Early Designs;187
16.2;Perpetual Motion Machines of the Renaissance;191
17;9: Homo ad Circulum;201
17.1;A Forgotten Manuscript: Vitruvius’s De Architectura;202
17.2;The Human Figure of Villard de Honnecourt;204
17.3;Taccola’s Vitruvian Man;205
17.4;Francesco di Giorgio: The Man is the Measure of all Things;206
17.5;The Other Man;209
17.6;The Vitruvian Man of a Friar Architect;212
17.7;Cesare Cesariano, the Other Man;213
17.8;Leonardo, Homo ad Quadratum and ad Circulum;216
17.9;Homo ad Circulum;219
17.10;Yet Another Man;220
17.11;A Geometrical Comparison;221
17.12;The Legacy of Leonardo’s Vitruvian Man;223
17.13;A Mystic Vision;224
18;10: A Friend, an Enigmatic Portrait, and Two Duchesses;226
18.1;A Copycat Mathematician;227
18.2;An Enigmatic Portrait;229
18.3;Precipitating Events;238
18.4;Portraits and Lost Books;239
18.5;Another Isabella;243
18.6;The Lost Schifanoia;245
19;11: The Divine Proportion;249
19.1;The Golden Ratio2;250
19.2;The God’s Eye;255
19.3;Divina Proportione;257
19.4;The Platonic Solids;259
19.5;The Platonic Solids Before Pacioli and Leonardo;262
19.6;Leonardo’s Illustrations for the Divina Proportione;263
19.7;Who Is the Author of the Rhombicuboctahedron?;270
19.8;Studies of the Platonic and Archimedean Solids After Leonardo;270
19.9;The Perspectiva Corporum Regularium;274
19.10;Salvador Dalí and Maurits Cornelis Escher;276
20;12: The Geometry of Shapes and Unfashionable Headgear;279
20.1;The Strange Story of the Mazzocchio;280
20.2;The Perfect Description of the Mazzocchio;287
20.3;The Gentleman Lorenzo Sirigatti;289
20.4;Beyond the Mazzocchio;290
20.5;More Mazzocchios;293
21;13: The Measure of Time;295
21.1;The Clocks in Villard de Honnecourt;296
21.2;A Brief History of the Escapement and Clocks;297
21.3;The Astrarium;298
21.4;Another Wonder;301
21.5;The Chiaravalle Clock Tower;303
21.6;The Sienese Engineers’ Clocks;305
21.7;An Unexpected Clockmaker;307
21.8;Leonardo’s Studies of Clocks;309
21.9;From Clocks to Mechanics of Motion;321
21.10;How the Story of Clocks Ends;322
22;14: Mission Impossible: Squaring the Circle;325
22.1;The Origin of the Squaring the Circle Problem;325
22.2;The First Lunula of Hippocrates;326
22.3;Leonardo’s Interest in the Squaring the Circle Problem;327
22.4;Leonardo’s Lunula;328
22.5;Leonardo’s Ludo Geometrico;330
22.6;The Geometry of Transformations;334
22.7;Really Impossible?;337
23;15: A Lost Industrial Revolution and Leonardo’s Gun;339
23.1;The “Architronito” or Steam Cannon;339
23.2;More Steam;342
23.3;The Sufflator;345
23.4;Steam Power After the Renaissance;348
24;16: Beyond Leonardo;351
25;Appendix I: Notable Personages;361
26;Appendix II: A Short Biography of Leonardo da Vinci;366