Jagaroo Neuroinformatics for Neuropsychology

1. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-1-4419-0060-9
Verlag: Springer
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 124 Seiten

Bioinformatics involves specialized application of computer technology to investigative and conceptual problems in biology and medicine; neuroinformatics (NI) is the practice of bioinformatics in the neurosciences. Over the past two decades the biomedical sciences have been revolutionized by databases, data mining and data modeling techniques. The Human Genome Project, which depended on informatics methods, has been the most well recognized bioinformatics undertaking. Bioinformatics has since been applied all across biology and medicine, and has also transformed almost every avenue in neuroscience. Yet in neuropsychology, NI perspectives remain largely unrealized. Ironically, NI offers enormous potential to the essential praxis of neuropsychology - assessing cognitive behavior and relating cognition to neural systems. Neuroinformatics can be applied to neuropsychology as richly as it has been applied across the neurosciences. Neuroinformatics for Neuropsychology is the first book to explain the relevance and value of NI to neuropsychology. It systematically describes NI tools, applications and models that can enhance the efforts of neuropsychologists. It also describes the implications of NI for neuropsychology in the 21st century - fundamental shifts away from the conventional modes of research, practice and communication that have thus far characterized the field. One of the foremost experts on the subject: Illustrates the vital role NI is playing throughout the neurosciences. Provides a sampling of NI tools and applications in neuroscience research, and lays out current organization structures that support NI. Describes the lack of NI in neuropsychology, differentiates between NI systems for neuropsychology and conventional computerized assessment methods, and proposes criteria for neuropsychology-specific NI systems. Describes NI applications and models currently in use in neuropsychology, and NI models for neuropsychology that are being pioneered in phenomics research. Discusses potential obstacles and aids to NI in neuropsychology, including issues such as data sharing, standardization of methods, and data ontology. Projects the future of neuropsychological research and practice in light of the new generation of the internet, Web 2.0, geared to collective knowledge building. A vital introduction to a profound technological practice, Neuroinformatics for Neuropsychology is important reading for clinical neuropsychologists, cognitive neuroscientists, behavioral neurologists, and speech-language pathologists. Researchers, clinicians, and graduate students interested in informatics for the brain-behavioral sciences will especially welcome this unique volume.

Vinoth Jagaroo is a cognitive neuroscientist.  His primary interests are neuroinformatics applied to neuropsychology, and spatial cognition.  He is an Associate Professor in the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at Emerson College (Boston) and in the Department of Psychiatry and the Behavioral Neuroscience Program at Boston University School of Medicine.  His recent book, Neuroinformatics for Neuropsychology (Springer, 2009) is the first to explain the relevance of neuroinformatics to neuropsychology.  He is also the founding member of the recently launched Society for Neuroinformatics in Neuropsychology.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Jagaroo, Vinoth

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Acknowledgements;9
3;Contents;10
4;1 Introduction;12
4.1;1.1 An Overview of Bioinformatics;12
4.2;1.2 What Is Neuroinformatics?;13
4.3;1.3 Bringing Neuroinformatics to Neuropsychology;14
5;2 Current Neuroinformatics Applications and Infrastructure;18
5.1;2.1 Brain Image Construction, Analysis, and Morphometric Tools;18
5.1.1;2.1.1 Examples of Image Construction, Analysis, and Morphometric Tools;19
5.2;2.2 Brain Image Atlases, Databases and Repositories;21
5.2.1;2.2.1 Examples of Image Databases;21
5.3;2.3 Tools and Databases for Mapping Neural Structure and Connectivity Patterns;23
5.3.1;2.3.1 Examples of Tools and Databases for the Study of Neural Architecture;23
5.4;2.4 Tools and Methods for the Simulation of Neurons and Neural Circuits;24
5.4.1;2.4.1 Examples of Tools for the Simulation of Neurons;25
5.5;2.5 Database and Knowledge Discovery Systems for Clinical and Academic Research;29
5.6;2.6 Neuroinformatics Management and Infrastructure;31
5.6.1;2.6.1 Examples of NI Organizations, Infrastructure, and Management;32
5.7; Conclusion;35
6;3 Neuroinformatics for Neuropsychology;36
6.1;3.1 Differentiating Between the General Computer Applications in Neuropsychology and Neuroinformatics Systems for Neuropsychology;36
6.2;3.2 Defining Neuropsychology-Specific Neuroinformatics Systems;39
6.3;3.3 Neuroinformatics Applications and Models for Neuropsychology;40
6.3.1;3.3.1 General Neuropsychological Assessment;43
6.3.1.1;3.3.1.1 Automated Neuropsychological Assessment Metrics (ANAM);46
6.3.1.2;3.3.1.2 Internet-Enabled Neuropsychological Assessment of Army Aviators (IENAAA);52
6.4;3.4 Conclusion for Sections 3.3.1.1 and 3.3.2.1;53
6.4.1;3.3.2 Visuospatial Processing, Visual Attention, and Spatial Neglect;54
6.4.1.1;3.3.2.1 Computational Visual Field for Neglect (CVFN);58
6.4.1.2;3.3.2.2 Computer-Assisted Cancellation Test System (CACTS);64
6.5;3.4 Conclusion for Section 3.3.2.1 and 3.3.2.2 ;68
6.5.1;3.3.3 Speech, Language, and Aphasia;69
6.5.1.1;3.3.3.1 Directions Into Velocities of Articulators (DIVA);72
6.5.1.2;3.3.3.2 The Aphasia Database;78
6.5.1.3;3.3.3.3 SignStream: An Informatics Tool for the Digital Analysis of Visual/Gestural Language;81
6.6;3.4 Conclusion for Sections 3.3.3.1 , 3.3.3.2 and 3.3.3.3 ;84
6.6.1;3.3.4 Phenomics and Neuropsychology;86
6.6.1.1;3.3.4.1 Neuroinformatics and Neuropsychology in Studies of Craniofacial and Brain Dysmorphology;88
6.6.1.2;3.3.4.2 A Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics;89
6.7;Conclusion for Section 3.3 ;94
7;4 Obstacles and Aids to Neuroinformatics in Neuropsychology;96
7.1;4.1 Data Sharing and Issues of Privacy;96
7.2;4.2 Standardization, Taxonomies, and Ontologies for Neuropsychological Data;99
7.3;4.3 Attitudes, Re-organization, and Training;102
8;5 An International Society for Neuroinformatics inNeuropsychology;105
9;6 Concluding Remarks;108
9.1;6.1 Collaborative Knowledge Building in the Next Wave of the Internet: Web 2.0, Neuropsychology 2.0, and Global Network Innovations;109
9.2;6.2 The Promising Politics of Informatics Infrastructure;111
9.3;6.3 Prologue to Neuropsychology for the 21st Century;112
10;References;114
11;Index;128