Jamrack / Danckwerts Rare Metal Extraction by Chemical Engineering Techniques

International Series of Monographs on Chemical Engineering
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4831-8056-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 372 Seiten, Web PDF

Reihe: International Series of Monographs in Chemical Engineering

Rare Metal Extraction by Chemical Engineering Techniques describes the use of chemical engineering techniques in the extraction and purification of rare metals such as uranium, thorium, and zirconium as well as hafnium, titanium, beryllium, and vanadium. The various chemical extraction stages from ore to metal are discussed. Comprised of nine chapters, this book begins with an examination of ore breakdown processes including dilute acid leaching and the breakdown of concentrated acids, alkalis, and fluorides as well as chlorination. The reader is then introduced to ion-exchange purification; solvent extraction; and dryway conversion processes. Subsequent chapters focus on metal production by high-temperature reduction techniques; molten salt electrolytic processes; and iodide decomposition processes. The final chapter includes a selection of complete flowsheets for the extraction and purification rare metals from ores. This monograph will be of value to metallurgists, chemical engineers, chemists, and others who are interested in the extraction of rare metals.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Jamrack, W. D.

Danckwerts, P. V.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Rare Metal Extraction by Chemical Engineering Techniques;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;PREFACE;12
6;CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION;14
6.1;REFERENCES;16
7;CHAPTER 2. ORE BREAKDOWN PROCESSES;17
7.1;DILUTE ACID LEACHING;18
7.2;CONCENTRATED ACID BREAKDOWN;41
7.3;ALKALI BREAKDOWN;47
7.4;DILUTE ALKALI CARBONATE LEACHING;53
7.5;CHLORINATION BREAKDOWN;60
7.6;FLUORIDE BREAKDOWN PROCESSES;79
7.7;REFERENCES;83
8;CHAPTER 3. ION-EXCHANGE PURIFICATION;87
8.1;THEORY;87
8.2;METHODS OF APPLICATION;91
8.3;CHEMICAL COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE OF RESINS;94
8.4;PROCESS DESIGN;99
8.5;URANIUM EXTRACTION BY ION-EXCHANGE;118
8.6;EXTRACTION OF THORIUM BY ION-EXCHANGE;132
8.7;PURIFICATION OF ZIRCONIUM BY ION-EXCHANGE;135
8.8;SEPARATION OF NIOBIUM AND TANTALUM BY ION-EXCHANGE;137
8.9;EXTRACTION OF VANADIUM BY ION-EXCHANGE;138
8.10;REFERENCES;140
9;CHAPTER 4. SOLVENT EXTRACTION;144
9.1;THEORY;144
9.2;SOLVENT EXTRACTION PLANT;160
9.3;PURIFICATION OF URANIUM BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION;183
9.4;PURIFICATION OF ZIRCONIUM BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION;201
9.5;PURIFICATION OF NIOBIUM BY SOLVENT EXTRACTION;206
9.6;REFERENCES;208
10;CHAPTER 5. DRYWAY CONVERSION PROCESSES;213
10.1;STATIC BED REACTORS;213
10.2;STIRRED BED REACTORS;215
10.3;ROTATING KILN REACTORS;216
10.4;VIBRATING TRAY REACTORS;217
10.5;MOVING BED REACTORS;217
10.6;FLUIDIZED BED REACTORS;220
10.7;PRODUCTION OF URANIUM TETRAFLUORIDE BY THE STATIC BED METHOD;224
10.8;PRODUCTION OF THORIUM FLUORIDEBY THE STIRRED BED PROCESS;230
10.9;PRODUCTION OF URANIUM TETRAFLUORIDE BY THE FLUIDIZED BED PROCESS;231
10.10;REFERENCES;245
11;CHAPTER 6. METAL PRODUCTION BY HIGH-TEMPERATURE REDUCTION TECHNIQUES;247
11.1;THEORY;247
11.2;INGOT PRODUCTION PROCESSES;252
11.3;METAL POWDER PRODUCTION PROCESSES;266
11.4;METAL SPONGE PRODUCTION PROCESSES;277
11.5;REFERENCES;303
12;CHAPTER 7. MOLTEN SALT ELECTROLYTIC PROCESSES;305
12.1;COMPARISON WITH METAL REDUCTION;305
12.2;INERT SALTS;305
12.3;CELL ATMOSPHERE;307
12.4;ELECTROLYSIS PLANT;307
12.5;INTRODUCTION OF RARE METAL SALT;309
12.6;ELECTROLYTIC PURIFICATION;310
12.7;RECOVERY OF METAL PRODUCT;310
12.8;ELECTROLYSIS OF BERYLLIUM CHLORIDE;311
12.9;PRODUCTION OF URANIUM METAL BY ELECTROLYSIS;312
12.10;ZIRCONIUM ELECTROLYSIS FROM A CHLORIDE-FLUORIDE MELT;317
12.11;PRODUCTION OF THORIUM METAL BY ELECTROLYSIS;322
12.12;PRODUCTION OF TITANIUM METAL BY ELECTROLYSIS;327
12.13;REFERENCES;329
13;CHAPTER 8. IODIDE DECOMPOSITION PROCESSES;331
13.1;REACTION CONDITIONS;331
13.2;PLANT AND EQUIPMENT;333
13.3;PRODUCT PURITY;341
13.4;ALTERNATIVE FEED MATERIALS;341
13.5;RECYCLING OF RESIDUES;341
13.6;CONTINUOUS OPERATION;342
13.7;PRODUCTION OF ZIRCONIUM BY IODIDE DECOMPOSITION;344
13.8;REFERENCES;351
14;CHAPTER 9. FLOWSHEETS FROM ORE TO METAL;353
14.1;URANIUM;354
14.2;THORIUM;360
14.3;ZIRCONIUM;365
14.4;HAFNIUM;369
14.5;TITANIUM;371
14.6;NIOBIUM;373
14.7;TANTALUM;377
14.8;VANADIUM;379
14.9;BERYLLIUM;381
15;INDEX;386