Kaplan Human Judgement and Decision Processes

1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-8872-7
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 340 Seiten, Web PDF

Human Judgment and Decision Processes is a collection of papers that covers the various theoretical frameworks that relate judgment to decision making. The book is comprised of 10 chapters that cover both mathematical models involved in decision making and interpersonal aspect of judgment process. The first five chapters cover papers about decision making. The subjects of the papers include multiattribute utility measurement for social decision making; portfolio theory and the measurement of risk; and information-integration analysis of risky decision making. The other half of the text deals with the judgment process, which includes topics such as interaction of judge and informational components; judgment and decision processes in the formation and change of social attitudes; and the role of probabilistic and syllogistic reasoning in cognitive organization and social inference. The book will be of great use to psychologists involved in research on human judgment and decision process.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Kaplan, Martin F.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Human Judgment and Decision Processes;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;6
5;CONTRIBUTORS;10
6;PREFACE;12
7;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;14
8;CHAPTER 1. PUBLIC VALUES: MULTIATTRIBUT- UTILITY MEASUREMENT FOR SOCIAL DECISION MAKING;16
8.1;INTRODUCTION;17
8.2;THE STATE OF THE ART IN LAND–USE REGULATION;18
8.3;AN OVERVIEW OF DECISION ANALYSIS AS IT APPLIES TO PLANNING AND EVALUATION;23
8.4;OUTCOME EVALUATION USING MULTIATTRIBUTE–UTILITY MEASUREMENT;27
8.5;A SIMPLE MULTIATTRIBUTE–RATING TECHNIQUE (SMART);29
8.6;THE CASE STUDY;39
8.7;A PUBLIC TECHNOLOGY FOR LAND-USE MANAGEMENT;48
8.8;REFERENCES;51
9;CHAPTER 2. DECISION PROCESSES IN RECOGNITION MEMOR Y;54
9.1;DECISION AND MEMORY: A HYPOTHETICAL MECHANISM FOR THE INFLUENCE OF SEMANTIC MEMORY ON EPISODIC RECOGNITION–MEMORY TASKS;56
9.2;THE DECISION MODEL: EVIDENCE FROM EXPERIMENTS ON THE RECOGNITION OF WORDS AND NAMES;62
9.3;THE DECISION MODEL: EVIDENCE FROM EXPERIMENTS ON THE RECOGNITION OF WORD STRINGS AND SENTENCES;66
9.4;RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE DECISION MODEL AND OTHER VIEWS OF MEMORY;71
9.5;CONCLUSIONS;73
9.6;REFERENCES;74
10;CHAPTER 3. PORTFOLIO THEORY AND THE MEASUREMENT OF RISK;78
10.1;INTRODUCTION;79
10.2;A THEORY OF RISK PREFERENCE;84
10.3;THE MEASUREMENT OF RISK;89
10.4;DISCUSSION AND INTERPRETATION;94
10.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;98
10.6;REFERENCES;98
11;CHAPTER 4. FORMAL MODELS OF DILEMMAS IN SOCIAL DECISION-MAKING;102
11.1;INTRODUCTION;103
11.2;SOCIAL DILEMMA: A FORMAL DEFINITION;104
11.3;THE COMMONS DILEMMA;112
11.4;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;121
11.5;REFERENCES;121
12;CHAPTER 5. AN INFORMATION-INTEGRATION ANALYSIS OF RISKY DECISION MAKING;124
12.1;INTRODUCTION;125
12.2;INFORMATION-INTEGRATION THEORY;125
12.3;MULTIPLYING MODEL;127
12.4;ADDING MODEL;139
12.5;DISCUSSION;145
12.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;149
12.7;REFERENCES;149
13;CHAPTER 6. INFORMATION INTEGRATION IN SOCIAL JUDGMENT: INTERACTION OF JUDGE AND INFORMATIONAL COMPONENTS;154
13.1;INTRODUCTION;155
13.2;THE BASIC MODEL;155
13.3;THE MEANING OF INFORMATION;156
13.4;THE INTEGRATION OF INFORMATION;156
13.5;THE JUDGE IN SOCIAL JUDGMENT;159
13.6;DIFFERENCES IN INFORMATION VALUATION;160
13.7;DIFFERENCES IN THE IMPLICATIONS OF INFORMATION;161
13.8;INTERACTION OF JUDGE AND INFORMATIONAL VARIABLES;171
13.9;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;178
13.10;REFERENCES;179
14;CHAPTER 7. INTEGRATING VERBAL INFORMATION: THE REFERENTIAL-COMMUNICATION PARADIGM;188
14.1;INTRODUCTION;189
14.2;RELATED WORK;190
14.3;REDUNDANCY AND COMMUNICATION;192
14.4;ENSEMBLE SIZE AND COMMUNICATION;204
14.5;CONCLUDING REMARKS;212
14.6;REFERENCES;212
15;CHAPTER 8. JUDGMENT AND DECISION PROCESSES IN THE FORMATION AND CHANGE OF SOCIAL ATTITUDES;216
15.1;INTRODUCTION;217
15.2;AN OVERVIEW OF THE SYSTEM;219
15.3;DEFINING A SET OF ALTERNATIVE POSITIONS;223
15.4;CONCLUSION;240
15.5;REFERENCES;240
16;CHAPTER 9. THE ROLE OF PROBABILISTIC AND SYLLOGISTIC REASONING IN COGNITIVE ORGANIZATION AND SOCIAL INFERENCE;244
16.1;INTRODUCTION;245
16.2;THE NATURE OF COGNITIONS;248
16.3;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;282
16.4;REFERENCES;282
17;CHAPTER 10. SOCIAL JUDGMENT THEOR;286
17.1;WHY IS JUDGMENT REQUIRED?;287
17.2;BASIC CONCEPTS;287
17.3;QUANTITATIVE METHOD;292
17.4;SUMMARY;320
17.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;321
17.6;REFERENCES;322
18;AUTHOR INDEX;328
19;SUBJECT INDEX;336