Kenstowicz / Kisseberth Generative Phonology

Description and Theory
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4832-7739-4
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 474 Seiten, Web PDF

Generative Phonology: Description and Theory provides a basic understanding of the fundamental concepts of generative phonology and the applications of these concepts in further study of phonological structure. This book is composed of 10 chapters and begins with a survey of phonology in the overall model of generative grammar and introduces the principles of phonetics to. The subsequent chapters introduce the fundamental concept of a phonological rule that relates an underlying representation to a phonetic representation and this concept is applied to the analysis of morphophonemic alternation. These topics are followed by a presentation of phonological sketches of four diverse languages in terms of rules relating underlying and phonetic representations, as well as the major corpus-internal principles and techniques of phonological analysis. The discussion then shifts to the theoretical aspects of phonology, the various degrees of abstractness, and the proposals to limit the divergence between underlying and phonetic representation. Other chapters deal with some of the issues revolving around the representation of sounds and the various hypotheses as to how phonological rules apply to convert the underlying representation to the phonetic representation, particularly the kinds of considerations that motivate rule-ordering statements. The last chapters explore the major notational devices commonly employed in the formulation of phonological rules and the role of syntactic and lexical information in controlling the application of phonological rules. This book is intended primarily for linguistics and phonologists.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Kenstowicz, Michael

Kisseberth, Charles

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;The Normal School Child: His Problems, Physical and Emotional;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;8
5;PREFACE;6
6;CHAPTER 1. The Background of Behaviour;16
6.1;The Background;16
6.2;They are all Different;17
6.3;Parents and Teachers are only Human;19
6.4;Position in the Family;20
6.5;The Adopted Child;21
7;CHAPTER 2. Psychological Needs;23
7.1;Love and Security;23
7.2;The Importance of Example;29
7.3;Suggestion;30
7.4;Independence: The Avoidance of Over-protection;30
7.5;The Avoidance of Perfectionism;33
7.6;The Avoidance of Over-ambition;33
7.7;The Avoidance of Exploitation;34
7.8;Children's Interests;34
7.9;The Role of the Father;36
7.10;Sex Education;36
7.11;Conclusions;38
8;CHAPTER 3. Discipline and Punishment;39
8.1;The Need for Discipline;39
8.2;Principles in the Teaching of Discipline;40
8.3;Punishment in History;42
8.4;The Avoidance of Punishment;43
8.5;The Principles of Punishment;45
8.6;Most Punishment is Wrong;48
9;CHAPTER 4. Common Behaviour Problems;52
9.1;Enuresis (Bed-wetting);52
9.2;The Bowels, Constipation and Soiling;56
9.3;Poor Appetite;58
9.4;Sleep Problems;60
10;CHAPTER 5. Further Behaviour Problems;64
10.1;Thumb-sucking;64
10.2;Nail-biting;65
10.3;Masturbation;66
10.4;Sexual Behaviour;68
11;CHAPTER 6. Some Bad Behaviour;70
11.1;Bad Temper and Rudeness;70
11.2;Aggressiveness and Bullying;71
11.3;Lying;71
11.4;Stealing;72
11.5;Juvenile Delinquency;73
11.6;Smoking;75
11.7;Alcohol;77
11.8;Glue-sniffing;77
12;CHAPTER 7. More Difficult Behaviour;79
12.1;Fears;79
12.2;Shyness;79
12.3;Crying;80
12.4;Jealousy;82
12.5;Jealousy in Parents;84
12.6;Tics;84
12.7;The Over-Active Child;85
12.8;The Emotional Complications of Epilepsy;86
12.9;Obsessional Behaviour;87
13;CHAPTER 8. I Don't Know What's Got into Him: A Problem of Childhood and Adolescence;89
13.1;Strained family relationships;89
13.2;The Problems of the Young Adolescent;98
13.3;Some Conclusions;101
14;CHAPTER 9. Some School Problems;103
14.1;Dislike of School;103
14.2;Truancy;107
14.3;Absence from School;107
14.4;Bullied, Teased, Unpopular;110
15;CHAPTER 10. Physical Growth and Obesity;113
15.1;Normal Physical Growth;113
15.2;Variations in Physical Growth;114
15.3;Secular Trends in Physical Growth;115
15.4;Physical Growth at Puberty and Adolescence;116
15.5;Obesity;117
15.6;Treatment;121
16;CHAPTER 11. Twins;123
16.1;Twins;123
16.2;Diagnosis of Identical Twins;124
16.3;Frequency of Twins;124
16.4;Intelligence of Twins;124
16.5;Speech;125
16.6;Identical Twins;125
16.7;Emotional Problems;125
17;CHAPTER 12. Common Symptoms;127
17.1;Sore Throat;127
17.2;Earache;127
17.3;The Running nose;128
17.4;Epistaxis (Bleeding Nose);128
17.5;Mouth-breathing;128
17.6;Tonsils and Adenoids;129
17.7;Cough;130
17.8;Tuberculosis;130
17.9;Glands of Neck;131
17.10;Asthma;131
17.11;Vomiting;132
17.12;Worms;133
17.13;Faints;134
17.14;Pallor;134
17.15;Lassitude;135
17.16;Aches and Pains;135
17.17;The Delicate Child;140
17.18;The Ill Child;140
17.19;On Keeping The Child in Bed;141
17.20;On Taking a Child to Hospital;142
17.21;Symptoms for which Medical Advice should be sought;144
18;CHAPTER 13. Infections;145
18.1;Common Infectious Diseases;145
18.2;Quarantine;146
18.3;Isolation within the Home;148
18.4;The Prevention of Other Infections;148
18.5;Immunization;149
18.6;Tetanus;149
18.7;Whooping-cough;150
18.8;Diphtheria;150
18.9;Poliomyelitis;150
18.10;Smallpox;151
18.11;Tuberculosis;151
18.12;Measles;152
18.13;Influenza and Typhoid Fever;152
19;CHAPTER 14. Accidents and Poisonings;153
19.1;The First-Aid Kit;162
19.2;First-Aid Treatment;162
19.3;After the Accident;164
20;CHAPTER 15. The Care of a Child's Teeth;166
20.1;Care Before Birth;166
20.2;Early Days;166
20.3;Dental Decay;167
20.4;Tooth-brushing;167
20.5;Sweet-eating;168
20.6;Causes of Irregular Teeth;168
20.7;The Effect of Sucking Habits;169
20.8;Injury to the Teeth;169
20.9;Orthodontic Treatment;170
21;CHAPTER 16. Skin Diseases Which May Affect The School Child;172
21.1;The Normal Skin;172
21.2;Dryness and Chapping;173
21.3;Chilblains;174
21.4;Solar Eruptions;175
21.5;Infection of the Skin;175
21.6;Boils;176
21.7;Fungus Infections: Ringworm;176
21.8;Ringworm of the Body and Limbs;177
21.9;Ringworm of the Scalp;178
21.10;Warts;178
21.11;Infestations;179
21.12;Eczema;180
21.13;Nettle Rash;181
21.14;Papular Urticaria;182
21.15;Psoriasis;182
21.16;Acne Vulgaris;183
21.17;Birthmarks;183
22;CHAPTER 17. Common Orthopaedic Conditions;185
22.1;Normal Gait;185
22.2;Feet and Shoes;186
22.3;Flat Feet;187
22.4;Toe Deformities;188
22.5;Other Foot Conditions;189
22.6;Knock-Knee and Bow-Leg;190
22.7;Other Conditions of the Knee;191
22.8;Hip Conditions;191
22.9;Spinal Deformities;192
22.10;Upper Limbs;193
22.11;Injuries and Infections;193
23;CHAPTER 18. The Backward Intelligent Child;195
23.1;Discouragement;196
23.2;Teacher-Child Incompatibility;196
23.3;Lack of Motivation;197
23.4;Failure to Recognize Mental Superiority;198
23.5;School Absences;199
23.6;Handicaps;199
23.7;Repeated Changes of School;199
23.8;Emotional Difficulties in the Child;200
23.9;Factors Causing Deterioration of Work at Puberty;201
23.10;Poor Concentration;202
23.11;Laziness;203
23.12;Excessive Interest in Sport and Other Outside Pursuits;204
23.13;An Unsatisfactory Family Background;204
23.14;Delayed Maturation;205
23.15;The Effect of Drugs;205
23.16;Unusually Slow or Unusually Cautious Thought;205
23.17;Conclusions;206
24;CHAPTER 19. Backwardness in Certain Subjects;208
24.1;Delayed and Indistinct Speech;208
24.2;Stuttering;211
24.3;Reading and Spelling Difficulties;213
24.4;The Clumsy Child;217
24.5;The Establishment of Hand Dominance (Handedness, Laterality);219
24.6;The Barely Average Child;220
25;CHAPTER 20. Mental Superiority;222
25.1;Features in Infancy;222
25.2;Features of the Mentally Superior Child at School Age;223
25.3;Pre-requisites for Eminence;225
25.4;The Emotional Problems of Mental Superiority;226
25.5;How Mentally Superior Children can be Helped;227
25.6;How Mentally Superior Children can be Held Back;228
25.7;The Outlook for the Mentally Superior Child;230
25.8;Historical;230
26;CHAPTER 21. Intelligence and Intelligence Testing;232
27;Further Reading;246
28;Index;248