Kleinberg Managing Infections in Patients With Hematological Malignancies

1. Auflage 2009
ISBN: 978-1-59745-415-5
Verlag: Humana Press
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 371 Seiten

Reihe: Contemporary Hematology

Managing infections that complicate care of neutropenic patients with leukemia and hematopoietic stem cell recipients has become a distinct specialty. In Managing Infections in Patients with Hematological Malignancies, the authors and editor draw on their extensive expertise while providing a roadmap for hematologists to efficiently manage the complex infections within their patients. The first section of the text reviews viral, bacterial, and fungal pathogens, and provides brief descriptions of the microbes and diseases they cause in patients with hematological malignancies. The second section is devoted to management of infections in patients with the different underlying hematological malignancies, while the third addresses several important topics that are often ignored in most books about infections and hematological malignancies. Managing Infections in Hematological Malignancies is a useful tool for all clinicians and practicing hematologists who treat individual patients and aspire to build stronger infectious diseases programs within their respective cancer centers.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Kleinberg, Michael

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;6
2;Contents;8
3;Contributors;10
4;Introduction: Approach to the Patient;12
4.1;1. Introduction;12
4.2;2. Treatment of Infections in Neutropenic Patients: A Brief History;13
4.3;3. Centrality of the Host and Immune Deficiency;15
4.4;4. Expectations;15
4.5;5. Attributable Success and Attributable Failure;18
4.6;6. Approach to the Patient;20
4.7;References;21
5;Pathogens;24
5.1;Viruses;25
5.1.1;1. Herpesviruses;25
5.1.2;2. Herpes Simplex Virus, Type 1 and 2;26
5.1.3;3. Varicella-Zoster Virus;30
5.1.4;4. Cytomegalovirus;33
5.1.5;5. Human Herpesvirus-6 and -7;37
5.1.6;6. Epstein-Barr Virus;38
5.1.7;7. Human Herpesvirus-8 (Kaposi’s Sarcoma Herpesvirus);41
5.1.8;8. Respiratory Viruses;43
5.1.9;9. Adenovirus;44
5.1.10;10. Influenza, Parainfluenza, and Respiratory Syncytial Virus;47
5.1.11;11. Human Metapneumovirus;51
5.1.12;12. Other Respiratory Viruses;52
5.1.13;13. Viral Hepatitides;55
5.1.14;14. Hepatitis A;56
5.1.15;15. Hepatitis B;56
5.1.16;16. Hepatitis C;59
5.1.17;17. Retroviruses;60
5.1.18;18. Human Immunodeficiency Virus;60
5.1.19;19. Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus;61
5.1.20;20. Polyomaviruses;62
5.1.21;21. JC Virus;62
5.1.22;22. BK Virus;63
5.1.23;References;65
5.2;Bacteria ;80
5.2.1;1. Introduction;80
5.2.2;2. Gram-Positive Bacteria;84
5.2.3;3. Gram-Negative Bacteria;91
5.2.4;4. Nocardia;97
5.2.5;5. Mycobacteria;98
5.2.6;6. Anaerobic Organisms;102
5.2.7;7. Polymicrobial Infection;102
5.2.8;8. Diagnosis;103
5.2.9;9. Vascular-Catheter Related Infection;104
5.2.10;References;105
5.3;Fungal and Parasitic Infections;122
5.3.1;1. Fungal Infections;122
5.3.2;2. Parasitic Diseases;136
5.3.3;References;138
6;Hematological Malignancies;144
6.1;Acute Myelogenous Leukemia and Febrile Neutropenia;145
6.1.1;1. Introduction;146
6.1.2;2. Management of New Fever and Infections;147
6.1.3;3. Management of Fever After the Empiric Episode;159
6.1.4;4. Cessation of Antimicrobial Therapy;169
6.1.5;5. Concluding Remarks;170
6.1.6;References;171
6.2;Lymphomas and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia;180
6.2.1;1. Introduction;180
6.2.2;2. Risk Assessment;181
6.2.3;3. Infections in Patients with Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphomas;183
6.2.4;4. Infections in Patients with Hodgkin’s Disease;185
6.2.5;5. Infections in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia;185
6.2.6;6. Site of Care;186
6.2.7;7. Specific Recommendations;188
6.2.8;8. Summary;190
6.2.9;References;190
6.3;Multiple Myeloma;195
6.3.1;1. Introduction;195
6.3.2;2. Infection in Different Phases of the Treatment of MM ( Table 7- 2);196
6.3.3;3. Changing Spectrum of Infections in Multiple Myeloma;201
6.3.4;4. Approach to Infection in MM;202
6.3.5;5. Special Considerations;209
6.3.6;6. Conclusions;210
6.3.7;References;210
6.4;Stem Cell Transplantation;216
6.4.1;1. Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation;216
6.4.2;2. Effects of HCT on Host Defenses: A Dynamic Scenario;218
6.4.3;3. Major Infectious Syndromes: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Approaches;219
6.4.4;4. Management Strategies;226
6.4.5;References;230
7;Special Topics;237
7.1;Modulation of Immune Function ;238
7.1.1;1. Introduction;238
7.1.2;2. Augmentation of Neutrophil Number;241
7.1.3;3. Immunoglobulin Therapy;246
7.1.4;4. Recombinant Interferon- y;247
7.1.5;5. Innate Pathogen Recognition Receptors;249
7.1.6;6. Adoptive Immunotherapy in HSCT Recipients;250
7.1.7;7. Vaccine Development;251
7.1.8;8. Conclusions;252
7.1.9;References;253
7.2;Prophylaxis;262
7.2.1;1. Introduction;263
7.2.2;2. Protected Environments;264
7.2.3;3. Antibacterial Chemoprophylaxis for Severely Neutropaenic Patients;266
7.2.4;4. Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors for the Prevention of Infection in Neutropenic Cancer Patients;277
7.2.5;5. Antifungal Chemoprophylaxis;281
7.2.6;6. Antiviral Chemoprophylaxis;289
7.2.7;References;297
7.3;Infection Control and Prevention;312
7.3.1;1. General Infection Control Measures;312
7.3.2;2. Rules for Health Care Workers and Visitors;314
7.3.3;3. Patient Measures;316
7.3.4;4. Specific Nosocomial Infections;319
7.3.5;References;328
7.4;Immunizations ;334
7.4.1;1. Recommendations for Immunization of the Oncology Patient;334
7.4.2;2. Bone Marrow and Stem Cell Transplantation;335
7.4.3;3. Immunization in the Non-transplant Setting;340
7.4.4;4. Immunization in Other Oncology Patient Populations;342
7.4.5;5. Future Directions;343
7.4.6;References;344
7.5;Issues in Anti-infective Management;347
7.5.1;1. Establishing an Infectious Diseases Program for Patients with Hematological Malignancies;347
7.5.2;2. Microbiology Laboratory;349
7.5.3;3. Anti-infective Stewardship Program;351
7.5.4;4. Managing Anti-infective Toxicities and Drug– Drug Interactions;354
7.5.5;5. Antiretroviral Therapy for HIV Patients with Hematological Malignancies;359
7.5.6;References;362
8;Index;367