Koerner Landfill Closures

Geosynthetics, Interface Friction and New Developments
1. Auflage 2013
ISBN: 978-1-4832-9253-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 268 Seiten, Web PDF

It is toward investigating, discussing and presenting the various issues involved in solid waste closure that this book is focused. It consists of invited papers presented at the 4th Annual Geosynthetic Research Institute Seminar.The closure [capping] of completed or abandoned solid waste facilities present particular challenges, for example:★ there usually exists a very uncertain and random subsidence behaviour of the existing waste beneath the closure,★ the friction behaviour of the various interfaces that are involved in solid waste facilities is not established,★ there are numerous long term geosynthetic stability and durability issues that must be addressed, and★ there are an extremely large number of sites that require proper closure.These topics are addressed in the three sessions Geosynthetics in Landfill Closures, Interface Friction Considerations and Geocomposites Systems and New Materials. Current materials and basic techniques are reviewed and innovations discussed. Owners' perspectives and design considerations raised and specific problems such as liquid intrusion are addressed. The area of landfill closure simply begs innovation and the manufacturing sector is meeting the challenge. This gathering of expert opinions is an important document of the proper use of geosynthetics in landfill closure systems.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Koerner, R. M.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Landfill Closures: Geosynthetics, Interface Friction and New Developments;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents;10
5;Foreword;6
6;Acknowledgements;8
7;SESSION I: GEOSYNTHETICS IN LANDFILL CLOSURES;12
7.1;Chapter 1. RCRA Cover Systems for Waste Management in Facilities;12
7.1.1;ABSTRACT;12
7.1.2;INTRODUCTION;12
7.1.3;RECOMMENDED DESIGN FOR SUBTITLE C;13
7.1.4;ALTERNATIVE DESIGNS;18
7.1.5;SUMMARY;19
7.1.6;REFERENCES;20
7.2;Chapter 2. CERCLA Landfill Closures: Construction Considerations;22
7.2.1;ABSTRACT;22
7.2.2;1 INTRODUCTION;22
7.2.3;2 CERCLA;23
7.2.4;3 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS;24
7.2.5;4 PREPARATION AND PLACEMENT;26
7.2.6;5 HANDLING OF GEOSYNTHETICS;29
7.2.7;6 QUALITY CONTROL/QUALITY ASSURANCE;30
7.2.8;REFERENCES;31
7.3;Chapter 3. Geosynthetics in Landfill Closures: Design Considerations;32
7.3.1;ABSTRACT;32
7.3.2;INTRODUCTION;32
7.3.3;GENERAL STABILITY;32
7.3.4;REDUCTION OF INFILTRATION;36
7.3.5;DESIGN DETAILS;38
7.3.6;SUMMARY;39
7.4;Chapter 4. Addressing the Special Concerns of Landfill Closures: VLDPE and Textured Geomembranes;40
7.4.1;ABSTRACT;40
7.4.2;INTRODUCTION;40
7.4.3;VERY LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (VLDPE) LINERS;41
7.4.4;TEXTURED POLYETHYLENE LINERS;41
7.4.5;APPLICATION CONCERNS AND POSSIBILITIES IN CLOSURES WITH VLDPE AND TEXTURED MEMBRANES;48
7.4.6;REFERENCES;49
7.4.7;APPENDIX: EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES CORRELATING INCLINE BLOCK FRICTION WITH TEXTURE ASPERITY HEIGHTS;49
7.5;Chapter 5. Field Seaming of VLDPE;56
7.5.1;ABSTRACT;56
7.5.2;PROPERTIES OF VLDPE;56
7.5.3;SEAMING OF VLDPE;57
7.5.4;FIELD CONSIDERATIONS DURING SEAMING;58
7.5.5;SEAMING EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE;59
7.5.6;COMMENT ON AIR PRESSURE TESTING;60
7.5.7;SUMMARY;60
7.6;Chapter 6. A New High Friction HDPE Geomembrane;62
7.6.1;ABSTRACT;62
7.6.2;BACKGROUND;62
7.6.3;THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS;63
7.6.4;PRODUCT CHARACTERISTICS;64
7.6.5;CONCLUSIONS;70
7.7;Chapter 7. CSPE/Geotextile Geocomposites;72
7.7.1;ABSTRACT;72
7.7.2;INTRODUCTION;72
7.7.3;CURRENT LANDFILL CAP MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS;73
7.7.4;PROBLEM AREAS AFFECTING LANDFILL CLOSURE DESIGN;75
7.7.5;CSPE/GEOTEXTILE GEOCOMPOSITE DESIGNED FOR LANDFILL CLOSURE;76
7.7.6;SPECIAL LABORATORY TEST METHODS AND RESULTS;77
7.7.7;DIRECT SHEAR TESTING;78
7.7.8;LARGE-SCALE HYDROSTATIC POINT STRESSING;78
7.7.9;MULTIAXIAL STRESS-STRAIN TESTING;80
7.7.10;SUMMARY;84
7.7.11;REFERENCES;86
7.8;Chapter 8. Geotextiles in Landfill Closures;88
7.8.1;ABSTRACT;88
7.8.2;INTRODUCTION;88
7.8.3;STABILIZATION OF LANDFILL SURFACE FOR FINAL COVER CONSTRUCTION;89
7.8.4;GAS VENT LAYERS;91
7.8.5;GEOMEMBRANE PROTECTION;93
7.8.6;PORE WATER DISSIPATION AND FRICTION IMPROVEMENT BETWEEN GEOMEMBRANE AND COHESIVE SOILS;95
7.8.7;FILTERS FOR SOIL DRAINAGE LAYERS;96
7.8.8;SEPARATION MEDIA FOR BIOTIC BARRIER LAYERS;96
7.8.9;PROTECTIVE SURFACE LAYERS;97
7.8.10;OTHER SELECTION CONSIDERATIONS;97
7.8.11;SPECIFICATIONS;98
7.8.12;CONCLUDING REMARKS;98
7.8.13;REFERENCES;99
7.9;Chapter 9. Geogrid Reinforcement in Landfill Closures;100
7.9.1;ABSTRACT;100
7.9.2;INTRODUCTION;100
7.9.3;GEOMEMBRANE STRESS-STRAIN BEHAVIOR;101
7.9.4;COVER SOIL REINFORCEMENT/VENEER STABILITY;103
7.9.5;LINER SUPPORT;107
7.9.6;GEOGRID PROPERTIES, DESIGN AND PERFORMANCE;110
7.9.7;CONCLUSIONS;113
7.9.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;114
7.9.9;REFERENCES;114
7.10;Chapter 10.Geonets in Landfill Closures— Case History;116
7.10.1;ABSTRACT;116
7.10.2;INTRODUCTION;116
7.10.3;SITE LOCATION;117
7.10.4;SITE HISTORY;118
7.10.5;CLOSURE PLAN;118
7.10.6;GEONET DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS;120
7.10.7;GEONET CONSTRUCTION;122
7.10.8;SITE DRAINAGE;124
7.10.9;CONSTRUCTION QUALITY ASSURANCE;125
7.10.10;SUMMARY;125
8;SESSION II: INTERFACE FRICTION CONSIDERATIONS;128
8.1;Chapter 11. Interface Friction: An Owner's Perspective;128
8.1.1;ABSTRACT;128
8.1.2;INTRODUCTION;128
8.1.3;DESIGN ISSUES;129
8.1.4;CONSTRUCTION ISSUES;131
8.1.5;OPERATIONAL ISSUES;132
8.1.6;CURRENT CHALLENGES;132
8.1.7;CONCLUSION;133
8.2;Chapter 12. Composite Lining System Design Issues;136
8.2.1;ABSTRACT;136
8.2.2;INTRODUCTION;136
8.2.3;DESIGN ISSUES;137
8.2.4;CONCLUSION;142
8.3;Chapter 13. Design and Placement Considerations for Clay and Composite Clay/Geomembrane Landfill Final Covers;144
8.3.1;ABSTRACT;144
8.3.2;INTRODUCTION;144
8.3.3;BARRIER LAYER DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION AND PERFORMANCE;145
8.3.4;BARRIER LAYER STRUCTURAL CONSIDERATIONS;146
8.3.5;MEMBRANE/CLAY INTERFACES;148
8.3.6;SUMMARY;151
8.3.7;REFERENCES;151
8.4;Chapter 14. Effect of Soil Compaction Conditions on Geomembrane–Soil Interface Strength;152
8.4.1;ABSTRACT;152
8.4.2;INTRODUCTION;152
8.4.3;SOIL PROPERTIES;153
8.4.4;INTERFACE DIRECT SHEAR TESTS;153
8.4.5;INTERFACE DIRECT SHEAR TEST RESULTS;157
8.4.6;COMMENTS ON TEST RESULTS;157
8.4.7;REFERENCES;158
8.5;Chapter 15. Interfacial Friction Study of Cap and Liner Components for Landfill Design;160
8.5.1;ABSTRACT;160
8.5.2;INTRODUCTION;160
8.5.3;TEST DETAILS AND PROCEDURES;161
8.5.4;MATERIALS TESTED;164
8.5.5;INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS;168
8.5.6;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;175
8.5.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;176
8.5.8;REFERENCES;176
8.5.9;BIBLIOGRAPHY;176
8.6;Chapter 16. Interface Friction Geonets: A Literature Survey;178
8.6.1;ABSTRACT;178
8.6.2;INTRODUCTION;178
8.6.3;FRICTION ANGLE IMPORTANCE;179
8.6.4;CONDITIONS AFFECTING RESULTS;179
8.6.5;RESULTS FROM LITERATURE SURVEY;182
8.6.6;CONCLUSION;185
8.6.7;REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY;185
8.6.8;APPENDIX;186
9;SESSION III: GEOCOMPOSITES SYSTEMS AND NEW MATERIALS;188
9.1;Chapter 17. Geomembrane–Clay Composite Liners;188
9.1.1;ABSTRACT;188
9.1.2;INTRODUCTION;188
9.1.3;GUNDSEAL FACTORY PREPARED CLAY LINER;189
9.1.4;BENEFITS AND PROPERTIES OF MANUFACTURED COMPOSITE GEOMEMBRANES;190
9.1.5;OVERLAP JOINTS AND REPAIRS;193
9.1.6;DIMENSIONAL STABILITY;193
9.1.7;APPLICATIONS;196
9.1.8;REFERENCES;197
9.2;Chapter 18. A Prefabricated Bentonite Clay Liner;198
9.2.1;ABSTRACT;198
9.2.2;BACKGROUND;198
9.2.3;MANUFACTURE;199
9.2.4;MATERIAL COMPONENTS;199
9.2.5;FUTURE ACTIVITIES;201
9.2.6;CONCLUSIONS;202
9.2.7;REFERENCES;202
9.3;Chapter 19. Prefabricated Bentonite Clay Liners;204
9.3.1;ABSTRACT;204
9.3.2;INTRODUCTION;205
9.3.3;OVERVIEW OF BENTONITE CLAYS;205
9.3.4;FABRICATION OF PREFABRICATED CLAY LINERS;208
9.3.5;TECHNICAL DETAILS;211
9.3.6;INSTALLATION DETAILS;222
9.3.7;CONCLUSIONS;227
9.3.8;REFERENCES;228
9.4;Chapter 20. CoextrudedHDPE/VLDPE Multilayer Geomembranes;230
9.4.1;ABSTRACT;230
9.4.2;INTRODUCTION;230
9.4.3;MATERIAL PROPERTIES;231
9.4.4;RAW MATERIALS;232
9.4.5;SUMMARY;239
9.4.6;CONCLUSION;239
9.4.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;240
9.4.8;REFERENCES;240
9.5;Chapter 21. MDPE/VLDPE Materials Development;242
9.5.1;ABSTRACT;242
9.5.2;INTRODUCTION;242
9.5.3;MEDIUM DENSITY POLYETHYLENES (MDPE);243
9.5.4;VERY LOW DENSITY POLYOLEFINS (VLDPE);245
9.5.5;CONCLUSIONS;248
9.5.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;249
9.5.7;REFERENCES;249
9.6;Chapter 22. HDPE Resin Developments;250
9.6.1;ABSTRACT;250
9.6.2;INTRODUCTION;250
9.6.3;DISCUSSION;250
9.7;Chapter 23. New Geocomposite Drains;254
9.7.1;ABSTRACT;254
9.7.2;INTRODUCTION;254
9.7.3;COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH;255
9.7.4;CREEP RESISTANCE;256
9.7.5;FLOW CAPACITY;256
9.7.6;CHEMICAL RESISTANCE;257
9.7.7;INTERFACE FRICTION;260
9.7.8;CONCLUSIONS;261
9.7.9;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;262
10;Index;264