Lasker Systems Approaches in Computer Science and Mathematics

Proceedings of the International Congress on Applied Systems Research and Cybernetics
1. Auflage 2014
ISBN: 978-1-4831-4981-3
Verlag: Elsevier Science & Techn.
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: 1 - PDF Watermark

E-Book, Englisch, 687 Seiten, Web PDF

Applied Systems and Cybernetics, Volume V: Systems Approaches in Computer Science and Mathematics covers the proceedings of the International Congress on Applied Systems Research and Cybernetics. This book discusses trends and advances in the application of systems science and cybernetics to various fields. This volume reviews the systems approaches in computer science and mathematics and concentrates on several major areas of systems research in computer science and theoretical and applied mathematics. This book will be of great interest to computer scientists interested in the development of the theories and applications of computer science.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Lasker, G. E.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Front Cover;1
2;Systems Approaches in Computer Science and Mathematics
;4
3;Copyright Page;5
4;Table of Contents ;10
5;PREFACE;20
6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;28
7;ALPHABETICAL LISTING OF AUTHORS;31
8;INDEX OF MAJOR SUBJECT AREAS;34
9;PART I: NATIONAL INFORMATION RESOURCES AND SYSTEMS;35
9.1;CHAPTER 1. INFORMATION AS A NATIONAL ECONOMIC RESOURCE;35
9.1.1;INTRODUCTION;35
9.1.2;THE DUAL NATURE OF STI;36
9.1.3;FAST–DIFFUSING STI;37
9.1.4;SLOW–DIFFUSING STI;38
9.1.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;41
9.1.6;REFERENCES;41
9.2;CHAPTER 2. INFORMATION-BASED MEASURES OF SOCIETY; AN INDEX OF THE INFORMATION UTILIZATION POTENTIAL;42
9.2.1;NEED FOR AN INFORMATION-SPECIFIC MEASURE OF THE COUNTRIES;42
9.2.2;PREVIOUS WORKS ON INDICATORS OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION;43
9.2.3;STATISTICS ON THE INFORMATION SECTOR;44
9.2.4;PROBLEMS OF CALCULATING INFORMATION INDICATORS;44
9.2.5;PROPOSED CALCULATION METHOD FOR THE IUP;45
9.2.6;CHARACTERISTICS OF THE IUP;45
9.2.7;PRELIMINARY RESULTS;46
9.2.8;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;48
9.2.9;REFERENCES;48
9.2.10;CONCLUSIONS;49
9.3;CHAPTER 3. MEASURING THE NATIONAL INFORMATION ECONOMY;51
9.3.1;INTRODUCTION AND DEFINITIONS;51
9.3.2;THE INPUT-OUTPUT STUDY;52
9.3.3;INTERNATIONAL TRADE IN INFORMATION GOODS AND SERVICES;52
9.3.4;EMPLOYMENT TRENDS;54
9.3.5;REFERENCES;54
9.4;CHAPTER 4. INFORMATION SERVICES OF EGYPT; OUTLINE OF PROJECT ISE;55
9.4.1;INTRODUCTION;55
9.4.2;METHODOLOGY OF PHASE I;57
9.4.3;SYSTEMS ANALYSIS;58
9.4.4;SYSTEM DESIGN;60
9.4.5;REFERENCES;62
9.5;CHAPTER 5. NATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS IN SAUDI ARABIA;63
9.5.1;ISSUE;63
9.5.2;OPTIONS;64
9.5.3;SAUDI ARABIAN DEVELOPMENTS;69
9.5.4;DISCUSSION;74
9.5.5;REFERENCES;74
10;PART II: DATABASE SYSTEMS;75
10.1;CHAPTER 6. THE IMPACT OF AUXILIARY INFORMATION AND UPDATE OPERATIONS ON DATABASE COMPUTER ARCHITECTURE*;75
10.1.1;INTRODUCTION;75
10.1.2;CLASSIFICATION OF DATABASE MACHINE ORGANIZATIONS;76
10.1.3;PROBLEMS WITH DIRECTORY-LESS DATABASE MACHINES;76
10.1.4;A SIMD MACHINE ARCHITECTURE - DBC;77
10.1.5;UPDATE QUERY MODIFIER;78
10.1.6;THE NOTION OF UPDATE BLOCKING;78
10.1.7;CONCLUSIONS;81
10.1.8;REFERENCES;82
10.2;CHAPTER 7. AN INTRODUCTION TO SABRE, A MULTI PROCESSOR DATA BASE COMPUTER;83
10.2.1;INTRODUCTION;83
10.2.2;SABRE OBJECTIVES;84
10.2.3;SABRE BASIC CONCEPTS;86
10.2.4;SABRE ARCHITECTURE;88
10.2.5;CONCLUSION;91
10.2.6;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;91
10.2.7;REFERENCES;91
10.3;CHAPTER 8. ON THE LONG-TERM IMPLICATIONS OF DATABASE MACHINE RESEARCH;93
10.3.1;INTRODUCTION;93
10.3.2;DESCRIBING INFORMATION PROCESSING TASKS;94
10.3.3;A KNOWLEDGE–BASED RETRIEVAL LANGUAGE;94
10.3.4;MATHEMATICAL LOGIC: THE ESSENTIAL INTERMEDIARY;95
10.3.5;THE DATABASE MACHINE AS A LOGIC ENGINE;96
10.3.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;97
10.3.7;REFERENCES;97
10.4;CHAPTER 9. ANALYSIS OF BACKEND DATABASE SYSTEMS ARCHITECTURES;98
10.4.1;INTRODUCTION;98
10.4.2;EVALUATION OF THE ARCHITECTURES;99
10.4.3;ADDITIONAL EVALUATION;106
10.4.4;CONCLUSION;107
10.4.5;REFERENCES;107
10.5;CHAPTER 10. METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS FOR DATA MODELLING CONCEPTS IN RM/T's DATA BASE DESIGN;109
10.5.1;INTRODUCTION;109
10.5.2;SELF DESCRIBING ASPECT IN RM/T AND GAMMA-0;110
10.5.3;CLASS RELATIONS AND P-RELATIONS;112
10.5.4;ASSOCIATIONS;113
10.5.5;CONCLUSION;114
10.5.6;REFERENCES;114
10.6;CHAPTER 11. ON THE SEMANTICS OF DATA DEPENDENCIES IN RELATIONAL DATA BASES;115
10.6.1;INTRODUCTION;115
10.6.2;SEMANTICS OF DEPENDENCIES;116
10.6.3;NORMALIZATION;118
10.6.4;CONCLUDING REMARKS;120
10.6.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;120
10.6.6;REFERENCES;121
10.7;CHAPTER 12. RECENT RESEARCH RESULTS ON THE INFOPLEX INTELLIGENT MEMORY SYSTEM (IMS) PROJECT;122
10.7.1;INTRODUCTION;122
10.7.2;THE INFOPLEX IMS ARCHITECTURE;123
10.7.3;THE INFOPLEX IMS STORAGE HIERARCHY;124
10.7.4;INFOPLEX STORAGE HIERARCHY PERFORMANCE MODEL;126
10.7.5;CONCLUSION;126
10.7.6;REFERENCES;127
10.8;CHAPTER 13. DESIGN OF AN INTEGRATED MEDICAL DATABASE;128
10.8.1;INTRODUCTION;128
10.8.2;LOGICAL STRUCTURE;128
10.8.3;PHYSICAL IMPLEMENTATION;129
10.8.4;MEDICAL APPLICATION;130
10.8.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;131
10.8.6;REFERENCES;131
10.8.7;APPENDIX 1;131
10.8.8;APPENDIX 2;132
10.9;CHAPTER 14. A NETWORK STRUCTURE STUDY OF THE ERRORS IN DATABASES;133
10.9.1;INTRODUCTION;133
10.9.2;DATABASE BACKGROUND;133
10.9.3;RESULTS FROM GRAPHS AND NETWORKS;133
10.9.4;COMBINED RESULTS;134
10.9.5;CONCLUSIONS;139
10.9.6;REFERENCES;139
10.10;CHAPTER 15. DATA BASE ALERTERS AND MESSAGE FILTERS;140
10.10.1;INTRODUCTION;140
10.10.2;SPECIFICATION OF USER MODELS;141
10.10.3;DECOMPOSITION OF USER MODELS;142
10.10.4;FUZZY MESSAGE FILTERS;143
10.10.5;REFERENCES;144
11;PART III: COMPUTERS, MICROCOMPUTERS AND MICROPROCESSORS;145
11.1;CHAPTER 16. COMPUTERS: TECHNOLOGICAL MIRACLE AND SOCIETAL FAILURE?;145
11.1.1;INTRODUCTION;145
11.1.2;WORK AND COMPUTERS;146
11.1.3;PRIVACY AND COMPUTERS;147
11.1.4;CRIME AND COMPUTERS;148
11.1.5;INFORMATION POLLUTION AND COMPUTERS;149
11.1.6;CONCLUDING COMMENTS;150
11.1.7;REFERENCES;151
11.2;CHAPTER 17. INFORMATICS AS A SYSTEM-SCIENCE;152
11.3;CHAPTER 18. VIDEOTEX, CYBERNETICS, AND HUC;160
11.3.1;INTRODUCTION;161
11.3.2;DEFINITIONS;161
11.3.3;APPLICATIONS;162
11.3.4;CONCLUSION;167
11.3.5;REFERENCES;167
11.4;CHAPTER 19. AN OPTION FOR A MICROCOMPUTER COURSE IN THE PHYSICS DEPARTMENT AT THE FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS, UNAM;168
11.4.1;PREFACE;168
11.4.2;APPROACH;168
11.4.3;PROGRAM'S STRUCTURE;168
11.4.4;AUXILIARIES;169
11.4.5;BIBLIOGRAPHY;170
11.5;CHAPTER 20. PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS OF THE IMPACT OF MICROCOMPUTERS ON HUMAN LIFE;171
11.5.1;INTRODUCTION;171
11.5.2;COMPUTER BASICS;172
11.5.3;BRIEF HISTORY OF MICROPROCESSORS;172
11.5.4;CURRENT APPLICATIONS;173
11.5.5;DISCUSSION;176
11.5.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;177
11.5.7;REFERENCES;177
11.6;CHAPTER 21. MICROPROCESSOR APPLICATIONS TO ASSIST IN REPERTORY GRID ELICITATION AND TERMINATION;178
11.6.1;CONCLUSIONS;182
12;PART IV: COMPUTER SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY;183
12.1;CHAPTER 22. THE FUTURE OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY AND ITS EFFECTS ON COMPUTER PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT;183
12.1.1;INTRODUCTION;183
12.1.2;TOOLS OF THE SOFTWARE ENGINEERING PROCESS;183
12.1.3;THE EFFECT OF TOOLS ON THE SEP;185
12.1.4;CONCLUSION: CREATING AND OPERATING AN SSF;187
12.2;CHAPTER 23. INTERACTIVE PROGRAMMING AS A CAD TASK; SOME REMARKS ON SYSTEM STRUCTURES, PREREQUISITES, AND IMPLICATIONS;188
12.2.1;INTRODUCTION;189
12.2.2;ON PROGRAM DESIGN;190
12.2.3;STRUCTURE OF AN INTERACTIVE PROGRAM;191
12.2.4;SUPPORT FOR DIALOGUE DESIGN;191
12.2.5;LITERATURE REFERENCES;192
12.3;CHAPTER 24. TOPCAG: TOP-DOWN COMPUTER-AIDED GRAPHICS;194
12.3.1;WHAT IS TOP-DOWN COMPUTER-AIDED GRAPHICS?;194
12.3.2;PRESENTATION OF A TOPCAG SYSTEM;195
12.3.3;THE INCLUSION PROCESS;195
12.3.4;THE PROCESSING OF AN EXISTING GRAPHICS;197
12.3.5;IMPLEMENTATION;198
12.3.6;CONCLUSION;198
12.3.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;198
12.3.8;REFERENCES;198
12.4;CHAPTER 25. SOME SYSTEMS FOR MODELING COMPUTER SECURITY REQUIREMENTS;199
12.4.1;INTRODUCTION AND REVIEW OF SOME PREVIOUS MODELS;199
12.4.2;REFERENCES;216
13;PART V: DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES;217
13.1;CHAPTER 26. TRANSPORTABILITY OF DATA AND RELATED SOFTWARE IN ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM MODELING;217
13.1.1;INTRODUCTION;217
13.1.2;THE CANONIFIER PROGRAM;218
13.1.3;FORTRAN SOURCE OPTIMIZER;218
13.1.4;SHELL IMPLEMENTATION;220
13.1.5;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;220
13.1.6;REFERENCES;221
13.2;CHAPTER 27. A NETWORK EDITOR AND SHELL PROGRAM FOR ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PLANNING;222
13.2.1;INTRODUCTION;222
13.2.2;THE NETWORK EDITOR;222
13.2.3;THE SHELL PROGRAM;225
13.2.4;SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS;226
13.2.5;REFERENCES;226
13.3;CHAPTER 28. ROCKWELL AIM 65/AIM 680 APPLICATIONS IN DISTRIBUTED PROCESS CONTROL;227
13.3.1;INTRODUCTION;227
13.3.2;TYPICAL AIM 65/AIM 680 PROCESS CONTROL APPLICATIONS;228
13.3.3;CONCLUSIONS;231
13.3.4;REFERENCES;231
14;PART VI: NATURAL AND COMPUTER LANGUAGES;232
14.1;CHAPTER 29. IDENTIFYING ASPECTS OF HUMAN LANGUAGE PROCESSING TO AID IN COMPUTER PROCESSING OF HUMAN LANGUAGE;232
14.1.1;HUMAN LANGUAGE STRUCTURE AND ACQUISITION;232
14.1.2;STRICTLY LEARNED;233
14.1.3;BIOLOGICALLY DEFINED AND STRUCTURED, GENETICALLY PREPROGRAMMED;233
14.1.4;STRUCTIONAL-FUNCTIONAL;233
14.1.5;DEFINING AN ACTIVITY AREA: MAPPING;234
14.1.6;A. SIMPLIFICATION - WRITTEN COMMUNICATION;234
14.1.7;B. SIMPLIFICATION - USING EXISTING DBMS FACILITIES;235
14.1.8;C. SIMPLIFICATION - QUERIES ONLY;235
14.1.9;F. SIMPLIFICATION - INTERNAL VOCABULARY REDUCTION;235
14.1.10;REFERENCES;236
14.2;CHAPTER 30. SPEAKEASY – AN EVOLUTIONARY SYSTEM, DESIGNED BY ITS USERS;237
14.2.1;INTRODUCTION;237
14.2.2;HISTORY;238
14.2.3;THE LANGUAGE DESIGN;238
14.2.4;THE SYSTEM DESIGN;239
14.2.5;DOCUMENTATION;240
14.2.6;EXAMPLES OF SPEAKEASY;240
14.2.7;IT CONTINUES;242
14.3;CHAPTER 31. ON THE PROBLEM OF THE MATHEMATICAL THEORIZATION OF HUMAN SYSTEMS DYNAMICS*;243
14.3.1;OVERVIEW;243
14.3.2;NATURAL LANGUAGES AND COMMUNICATION;243
14.3.3;DERIVATION OF THE MINKOWSKI GEODESIC;246
14.3.4;REFERENCES;247
14.3.5;ADDITIONAL REFERENCE;247
14.4;CHAPTER 32. BRIDGING THE GAP BETWEEN NATURAL AND COMPUTER LANGUAGE;248
14.4.1;Introduction;248
14.4.2;Describing Knowledge in LESK; An Example;249
14.4.3;Current Applications and Status of LESK;252
14.4.4;Future Applications of LESK and Their Social Implications.;252
14.4.5;Related Research;253
14.4.6;Concluding Remarks;253
14.4.7;Acknowledgements;254
14.4.8;References;254
14.5;CHAPTER 33. ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF A RECURSIVE MODEL OF WORD STRUCTURE IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE;255
14.5.1;INTRODUCTION;255
14.5.2;METHODS;255
14.5.3;OBSERVATIONS & RESULTS;256
14.5.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;260
14.5.5;REFERENCES;260
14.6;CHAPTER 34. DESIGN ISSUES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING SYSTEMS;262
14.6.1;DESIGN ISSUES;262
14.6.2;A PRELIMINARY IMPLEMENTATION;266
14.6.3;SUMMARY;267
14.6.4;REFERENCES;267
15;PART VII: MAN-MACHINE INTERACTION AND COMMUNICATION;269
15.1;CHAPTER 35. MAN–COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS BY VOICE;269
15.1.1;INTRODUCTION;269
15.1.2;COMPUTER PRODUCTION OF VOICE;270
15.1.3;MAN–COMPUTER COMMUNICATION BY VOICE;271
15.1.4;SPEECH AIDS FOR THE VISUALLY-HANDICAPPED;272
15.1.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;272
15.1.6;REFERENCES;272
15.2;CHAPTER 36. PRAGMATICS OF INFORMATION AND MAN-MACHINE COOPERATION;274
15.2.1;THE NATURE OF INFORMATION;274
15.2.2;PRAGMATIC ASPECTS OF INFORMATION;277
15.2.3;COMMUNICATION AND COOPERATION BETWEEN MAN AND MACHINE;278
15.2.4;REFERENCES;280
15.3;CHAPTER 37. ON THE USER INTERFACE OF COMPUTING SOFTWARE;281
15.3.1;INTRODUCTION;281
15.3.2;MAN–MACHINE INTERFACE;282
15.3.3;SOME OLD VIEWS THAT ARE DETRIMENTAL TO MAN-MACHINE INTERFACE;282
15.3.4;MAN–MAN INTERFACE;284
15.4;CHAPTER 38. BUILDING USER INTERFACES WITH AN EXTENSIBLE LANGUAGE SYSTEM;286
15.4.1;INTRODUCTION;286
15.4.2;LANGUAGE;287
15.4.3;W.H.O. EXAMPLE;288
15.4.4;GENERAL ADVANTAGES;289
15.4.5;IMPLEMENTATION;289
15.4.6;CONCLUSION;290
15.5;CHAPTER 39. SEMIOTICS IN THE REAL WORLD: MAKING INTERACTIVE COMPUTER SYSTEMS ACCESSIBLE TO IDEOGRAPHIC-LANGUAGE USERS;291
15.5.1;INTRODUCTION;291
15.5.2;SEMIOTIC CLASSIFICATION OF MAN-COMPUTER DIALOGUE;292
15.5.3;CODING IDEOGRAPHS;293
15.5.4;DEALING WITH THE METALINGUISTIC MODE;294
15.5.5;IMPLEMENTATION AND CONCLUSIONS;294
15.5.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;295
15.5.7;REFERENCES;295
15.6;CHAPTER 40. TOWARDS A PROGRAMMER'S ASSISTANT FOR NOVICE USERS;296
15.6.1;1.0 INTRODUCTION;296
15.6.2;2. Representation;297
15.6.3;3. Modelling Dialogues;300
15.6.4;4. A Partial Example;302
15.6.5;A: MISSING STATEMENT NUMBER?;302
15.6.6;REFERENCES;304
15.7;CHAPTER 41. MESSAGES FROM SYSTEMS TO USERS: A PROPOSAL FOR STANDARDIZATION;306
15.7.1;INTRODUCTION;306
15.7.2;BACKGROIMD;307
15.7.3;IMPLEMENTATION;310
15.7.4;REFERENCES;310
16;PART VIII: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND AUTOMATA THEORY;311
16.1;CHAPTER 42. A MICROCOMPUTER BASED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LABORATORY;311
16.1.1;INTRODUCTION;311
16.1.2;THE HARDWARE CONFIGURATION;312
16.1.3;THE SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION;312
16.1.4;REFERENCES;315
16.2;CHAPTER 43. DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF AN IMAGE GENERATOR WITH INFORMATION EXCHANGE;316
16.2.1;INTRODUCTION;316
16.2.2;ARRANGEMENTS;317
16.2.3;EFFICIENCY OF IMAGE CREATION AND REQUIRED TIME;318
16.2.4;ILLUSTRATION;319
16.2.5;CONCLUDING REMARKS;320
16.2.6;COORDINATION OF TWO ADJACENT SERVICE NETWORKS;321
16.2.7;REFERENCES;324
16.3;CHAPTER 44. KNOWLEDGE STRUCTURES BASED ON GENERAL AUTOMATA COMPARED WITH OTHER TYPES;325
16.3.1;INTRODUCTION;325
16.3.2;SEMANTIC NETS;326
16.3.3;CONCEPTUAL DEPENDENCY NETS;327
16.3.4;GENERAL AUTOMATA GRAPHS;329
16.3.5;CONCLUSION;332
16.3.6;REFERENCES;333
16.4;CHAPTER 45. FORMAL NEURONS TO SYNTHESIZE ARBITRARY PROBABILISTIC AUTOMATA;335
16.4.1;INTRODUCTION;335
16.4.2;A FORMULATION OF THE THEORY;336
16.4.3;CONCLUSION;338
16.4.4;REFERENCES;339
17;PART IX: INFORMATION RETRIEVAL;340
17.1;CHAPTER 46. HOW PERSONAL COMPUTERS WILL AFFECT THE FUTURE OF LIBRARIES AND INFORMATION CENTERS;340
17.1.1;Teaching a computer to teach;341
17.1.2;REFERENCES;344
17.2;CHAPTER 47. ACCESSIBILITY OF LOCAL INFORMATION RETRIEVAL SYSTEMS;345
17.2.1;INTRODUCTION;345
17.2.2;REFERENCES;348
17.3;CHAPTER 48. SPRINT -A SYSTEM FOR INFORMATION RETRIEVAL IN LAW;349
17.3.1;INTRODUCTION;349
17.3.2;LEGAL-THEORETICAL STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM;350
17.3.3;EXPERIMENTAL REALIZATION;351
17.4;CHAPTER 49. RETRIEVAL ASPECTS OF THE UNIVERSAL RELATION FOR ATTRIBUTE-ORIENTED QUERY LANGUAGES;353
17.4.1;INTRODUCTION;353
17.4.2;GENERAL CONCEPT OF A DATA BASE SYSTEM;354
17.4.3;THE CONCEPTUAL LEVEL OF THE SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE;354
17.4.4;THE EXTERNAL LEVEL OF THE SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE;355
17.4.5;THE INTERNAL LEVEL OF THE SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE;356
17.4.6;REFERENCES;358
17.5;CHAPTER 50. NEED OF A RELIABLE MESSAGE IN BIBLIOINFORMATICS RETRIEVAL;359
17.5.1;INTRODUCTION;359
17.5.2;IMPLEMENTATION OF BIBLIOINFORMATICS;360
17.5.3;CONCLUSIONS;361
17.5.4;REFERENCES;361
17.6;CHAPTER 51. APPLICATION OF SYSTEMS APPROACH TO AUTOMATIC INTERPRETATION OF FREE TEXT DOCUMENTS;362
17.6.1;INTRODUCTION;362
17.6.2;A SYSTEMIC APPROACH;363
17.6.3;FORMALIZATION;363
17.6.4;APPLICATION : FREE TEXT ANALYSIS OF MEDICAL REPORTS;365
17.6.5;REFERENCES;366
17.7;CHAPTER 52. SOME ASPECTS IN THE DESIGN OF AN AUTOMATED SYSTEM FOR TERMINOLOGY SERVICES "TERMSERVICE";367
17.7.1;INTRODUCTION;367
17.7.2;FUNCTIONS AND USERS OF THE PROJECT;368
17.7.3;METHODOLOGY OF THE LINGUISTIC DESIGN;368
17.7.4;STRUCTURE OF THE DICTIONARY ENTRY;368
17.7.5;STAGES OF REALIZATION OF THE PROJECT;369
18;PART X: WORD PROCESSING;370
18.1;CHAPTER 53. A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO WORD PROCESSING;370
18.1.1;INTRODUCTION;370
18.1.2;DEFINITION AND DESCRIPTION;370
18.1.3;THE USER INTERFACE;371
18.1.4;RELATIONSHIP WITH THE ORGANISATION;371
18.1.5;WORD PROCESSING AS A SOCIOTECHNICAL SYSTEM;372
18.1.6;PERFORMANCE MEASURES;374
18.1.7;REFERENCES;374
19;PART XI: PATTERN RECOGNITION AND SCENE ANALYSIS;375
19.1;CHAPTER 54. AUTOMATIC INTERPRETATION OF SYMBOLIC DATA ON MAPS AND ENGINEERING DRAWINGS;375
19.1.1;1. INTRODUCTION;375
19.1.2;2. DATA REPRESENTATION;376
19.1.3;3. STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS;377
19.1.4;4. SEQUENTIAL PRECLASSIFICATION;378
19.1.5;5. FINAL CLASSIFICATION STAGE;379
19.1.6;6. CONCLUSION;379
19.1.7;7. REFERENCES;379
19.2;CHAPTER 55. VISUAL OBJECT ISOLATION AND RECOGNITION BY A CAMERA-COMPUTER SYSTEM;380
19.2.1;INTRODUCTION;380
19.2.2;BASIC OPERATIONS;381
19.2.3;APLICATIONS;382
19.2.4;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;385
19.2.5;REFERENCES;385
19.3;CHAPTER 56. A MICROCOMPUTER-BASED LETTER RECOGNIZER: DISCUSSION OF SOME PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS AND RESULTS OBTAINED WITH AN 8085;386
19.3.1;INTRODUCTION;386
19.3.2;THE PROBLEM OF SEPARATING LETTERS;386
19.3.3;COMMENTS ON A DISTANCE MATCH;389
19.3.4;CONCLUSIONS;390
19.3.5;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;390
19.3.6;REFERENCES;390
19.4;CHAPTER 57. USE OF A RANGEFINDER FOR 3-DIMENSIONAL SCENE ANALYSIS;391
19.4.1;INTRODUCTION;391
19.4.2;CONCLUSIONS;394
19.4.3;REFERENCES;395
19.5;CHAPTER 58. A Recursive Algorithm for Smoothing by Spline Functions*;396
19.5.1;INTRODUCTION;396
19.5.2;PROBLEM FORMULATION;397
19.5.3;RECURSIVE ALGORITHM;399
19.5.4;SIMULATION RESULTS;401
19.5.5;CONCLUSION;402
19.5.6;REFERENCES;402
20;PART XII: SIMULATION METHODOLOGY;403
20.1;CHAPTER 59. EXPERIMENTAL OPTIMIZATION BY SIMULATION TECHNIQUE;403
20.1.1;1 - INTRODUCTION;404
20.1.2;2 - MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION;404
20.1.3;3 - EXPERIMENTAL OPTIMIZATION TECHNIQUES;408
20.1.4;4 - THE PROPOSED SIMULATION MODEL;411
20.1.5;5 - EXPERIMENTATION;412
20.1.6;6. CONCLUSION;419
20.1.7;REFERENCES;419
20.2;CHAPTER 60. SIMBAS;422
20.3;CHAPTER 61. ON THE ESTIMATION OF A DISCRETE PARAMETER IN THE M/M/m/n QUEUEING SYSTEM;425
20.3.1;INTRODUCTION;425
20.3.2;MAXIMUM LIKELIHOOD ESTIMATION OF m;426
20.3.3;THE DIRECT METHOD FOR ESTIMATING m;426
20.3.4;PROPERTIES OF mT;429
20.3.5;REFERENCES;431
20.4;CHAPTER 62. SIMULATING NEW MATERIALS PROCESSES REQUIRED FOR THE REALIZATION OF AN ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCE;432
20.4.1;INTRODUCTION;432
20.4.2;APPROACH TO COMPUTER SIMULATION;433
20.4.3;RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS;435
20.4.4;REFERENCES;435
20.5;CHAPTER 63. A SIMULATION MODEL FOR THE YUCATAN PENINSULA;437
20.5.1;INTRODUCTION;437
20.5.2;PROBLEM AREA;438
20.5.3;REFERENCE MODE;438
20.5.4;SYSTEM STRUCTURE;439
20.5.5;THE SIMULATION APPROACH;440
20.5.6;REFERENCES;441
21;PART XIII: HUMAN FACTORS;442
21.1;CHAPTER 64. COMPUTER ANGST;442
21.1.1;INTRODUCTION;442
21.1.2;THE GROTESQUE;443
21.1.3;COMPUTERS AS FREAKS;443
21.1.4;ANGST;444
21.1.5;IMPACT OF COMPUTER ANGST;445
21.1.6;CONCLUSION;445
21.1.7;REFERENCES;446
21.2;CHAPTER 65. USER SATISFACTION AND TELEPROCESSING;447
21.2.1;INTRODUCTION;447
21.2.2;PRESENT STATE OF THE ART;448
21.2.3;TOOLS FOR MEASURING AND IMPROVING USER SATISFACTION;449
21.2.4;CONCLUSION;450
21.2.5;REFERENCES;450
21.3;CHAPTER 66. USER- AND ADMINISTRATOR- FRIENDLY ARCHITECTURE FOR INTERACTIVE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT;452
21.3.1;1. INTRODUCTION;452
21.3.2;2. REQUIREMENTS FOR FRIEND;453
21.3.3;3. DOWNWARD MAPPING;455
21.3.4;4. UPWARD MAPPING;457
21.3.5;5. CONCLUSION;458
21.3.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;458
21.3.7;REFERENCES;458
21.4;CHAPTER 67. COMFUTERESE AND THE INFORMATION BARRIER;459
21.5;CHAPTER 68. VIDEODISC: A NEW TECHNOLOGY FOR HUMAN FACTORS;464
21.5.1;INTRODUCTION;464
21.5.2;COMPUTER SYSTEM HUMAN FACTORS;465
21.5.3;VIDEODISC TECHNOLOGY;465
21.5.4;CAI-VIDEODISC HUMAN FACTORS;466
21.5.5;VIDEODISC QUERY LANGUAGE;467
21.5.6;SUMMARY;467
21.5.7;REFERENCES;468
21.6;CHAPTER 69. Human Factors Issues in Office Information Systems;472
21.6.1;INTRODUCTION;472
21.6.2;DATA MODELS;473
21.6.3;QUERY LANGUAGES';474
21.6.4;COMMUNICATION;474
21.6.5;INTERACTION;475
21.6.6;SUMMARY;476
21.6.7;REFERENCES;476
21.7;CHAPTER 70. HUMAN PRODUCTION AND DETECTION OF ERRORS IN DATA SYSTEMS;477
21.7.1;INTRODUCTION;477
21.7.2;PRODUCTION AND INSPECTION;478
21.7.3;EXPERIMENT;479
21.7.4;COST EFFECTIVENESS;481
21.7.5;CONCLUSION;482
21.7.6;ACKNOWLEGMENTS;482
21.7.7;REFERENCES;482
22;PART XIV: CAI AND EDUCATION;484
22.1;CHAPTER 71. THE MAKING OF AN INSTRUCTIONAL PROGRAM WRITER;484
22.1.1;A NEW NEED FOR PROGRAM WRITERS;485
22.1.2;SUBJECT MATTER CONTENT;486
22.1.3;CLARITY OF PROGRAM OBJECTIVES;486
22.1.4;KNOWLEDGE OF THE LEARNING PROCESS;487
22.1.5;KNOWLEDGE OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT;488
22.1.6;WHO ARE THE AUTHORS?;488
22.1.7;REFERENCES;489
22.2;CHAPTER 72. CAI SYSTEMS AND TEACHING MATERIAL PORTABILITY;490
22.2.1;INTRODUCTION;490
22.2.2;FUTURE CAI SYSTEMS;491
22.2.3;THE APPROACH OF COMES;493
22.2.4;REFERENCES;495
22.3;CHAPTER 73. FORESTS OF ORIENTED TREES AS METASTRUCTURES FOR A CAI SYSTEM;496
22.3.1;INTRODUCTION;496
22.3.2;METASTRUCTURE;497
22.3.3;NODE STRUCTURE;498
22.3.4;EXAMPLE;499
22.3.5;LITERATURE CITED;500
22.4;CHAPTER 74 TEACHING STATISTICS AND COMPUTERS;501
22.4.1;Data Generator;502
22.4.2;Test Construction;502
22.4.3;Test Administration;503
22.4.4;Text and Information Transmission;503
22.4.5;Numbers Cruncher;503
22.4.6;Test Correction;503
22.4.7;Calculator;504
23;PART XV: COMPUTERS AND THE HUMANITIES;505
23.1;CHAPTER 75. THE ESTATE OF THE ART: ASKING MORE OF COMPUTERS IN THE HUMANITIES IN THE EIGHTIES;505
23.2;CHAPTER 76. FRENCH SYMBOLIST LITERARY THEORY AND COMPUTER-AIDED ANALYSIS OF NOVELS;510
23.2.1;INTRODUCTION;510
23.2.2;VOYAGE AU BOUT DE LA NUIT;511
23.2.3;LA JALOUSIE;512
23.2.4;L'IMMORALISTE;513
23.2.5;CONCLUSION;515
23.2.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;515
23.2.7;REFERENCES;515
23.3;CHAPTER 77. VERBS: AN AFFORDABLE APPROACH TO COMPUTER-AIDED STUDIES OF NARRATIVE TECHNIQUES;516
23.3.1;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;521
23.3.2;REFERENCES;521
23.4;CHAPTER 78. THE IDEA BEHIND COMPUTER STYLISTICS;522
23.4.1;TEXT;522
23.4.2;REFERENCES;527
23.5;CHAPTER 79. STATISTICAL SOFTWARE TOOLS FOR COMPUTER-ASSISTED ANALYSIS OF MUSIC.;528
23.5.1;1. INTRODUCTION;528
23.5.2;2. CLUSTER ANALYSIS;529
23.5.3;3. CLASSIFICATION OF SONGS BY TONAL DENSITY;530
23.5.4;4. CLASSIFICATION OF SONGS BY INTERVAL DENSITY;531
23.5.5;5. COMBINED TONAL/INTERVAL DENSITY ANALYSIS;531
23.5.6;6. CONCLUSIONS;532
23.5.7;ACKNOWLEDGMENT;532
23.5.8;REFERENCES;532
23.6;CHAPTER 80. COMPUTERIZED CONTENT ANALYSIS OF NARRATIVE IN ANNUAL REPORTS: A COMPUTER IN THE HUMANITIES LOOKS AT THE CORPORATE WORD;539
23.6.1;INTRODUCTION;539
23.6.2;CONTENT ANALYSIS;540
23.6.3;MATERIALS FOR STUDY AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS;541
23.6.4;CRITIQUE AND FUTURE PLANS;543
23.6.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;544
23.6.6;REFERENCES;544
23.7;CHAPTER 81. A TYPOLOGY OF MELODIC CONTOURS IMPLEMENTED BY COMPUTER;545
23.7.1;INTRODUCTION;545
23.7.2;CONCLUSION;548
23.7.3;REFERENCES;550
23.8;CHAPTER 82. STATISTICS AND THE COMPUTER IN FORMULA ANALYSIS OF SERBOCROATIAN HEROIC VERSE;551
23.8.1;INTRODUCTION;551
23.8.2;THE "ORAL-FORMULAIC THEORY";551
23.8.3;REPLICATION OF ANALYSIS OF CONTROL;552
23.8.4;SAMPLE SIZE;553
23.8.5;INCREASED SAMPLE SIZE;553
23.8.6;CONCLUSION;554
23.8.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;554
23.8.8;REFERENCES;554
23.9;CHAPTER 83. THE ROLE OF LANGUAGE IN THE NEW COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY;556
23.9.1;INTRODUCTION;556
23.9.2;ANALYSIS OF LINGUISTIC PERFORMANCE;557
23.9.3;REFERENCES;561
23.10;CHAPTER 84. TRENDS IN SOVIET CYBERNETICS;562
23.10.1;INTRODUCTION;562
24;PART XVI: MATHEMATICAL PROGRAMMING;567
24.1;CHAPTER 85. NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING: A SURVEY OF ITS USE IN IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF LIFE1;567
24.1.1;INTRODUCTION;567
24.1.2;SOLUTION METHODS FOR THE NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING PROBLEM;568
24.1.3;REFERENCES;575
24.2;CHAPTER 86. A MIXED-INTEGER NONLINEAR PROGRAMMING MODEL WELL SUITED FOR USE IN THE ANALYSIS AND CONTROL OF ENERGY SYSTEMS;578
24.2.1;INTRODUCTION;578
24.2.2;THE MODEL;578
24.2.3;CONCLUSION;582
24.2.4;REFERENCES;582
24.3;CHAPTER 87. SOLVING A CAPITAL/TECHNOLOGY CONSTRAINT PROBLEM BY IMPLICIT ENUMERATION*;583
24.3.1;INTRODUCTION;583
24.3.2;PROBLEM FORMULATION;584
24.3.3;BRANCH AND BOUND METHOD;585
24.3.4;REFERENCES;587
24.4;CHAPTER 88. IDENTIFICATION OF STOCHASTIC PARAMETER INEQUALITIES;588
24.4.1;INTRODUCTION;588
24.4.2;FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM;589
24.4.3;METHODS AND ALGORITHMS;590
24.4.4;ON THE MODELING OF THE KINETICS OF GROWTH OF NOT-TREATED TUMOUR SPO IN A MOUSE;592
24.4.5;CONCLUSION;593
24.4.6;REFERENCES;593
25;PART XVII: MODELING AND CONTROL OF LARGE SCALE SYSTEMS;594
25.1;CHAPTER 89. LARGE-SCALE SYSTEMS: STRUCTURE, STABILITY, RELIABILITY;594
25.1.1;SUMMARY;594
25.1.2;1. RESEARCH DESCRIPTION;595
25.1.3;2. FUTURE RESEARCH;599
25.1.4;3. PUBLICATIONS;600
25.2;CHAPTER 90. STABILITY OF DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER SYSTEMS WITH FINITE DIMENSIONAL COMPENSATORS VIA SINGULAR PERTURBATION METHODS;602
25.2.1;1.0 INTRODUCTION;602
25.2.2;2.0 REDUCED-ORDER MODELING OF DPS: A SINGULAR PERTURBATIONS FORMULATION;603
25.2.3;3.0 FINITE DIMENSIONAL COMPENSATORS FOR DPS;604
25.2.4;4.0 CLOSED-LOOP STABILITY FOR THE DPS WITH A FINITE-DIMENSIONAL COMPENSATOR;605
25.2.5;5.0 CONCLUSIONS;606
25.2.6;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;606
25.3;CHAPTER 91. A SYSTEM ENGINEERING METHODOLOGY FOR EVALUATING THE BEHAVIOUR OF LARGE SCALE POWER SYSTEMS UNDER SMALL PERTURBATIONS;609
25.3.1;INTRODUCTION;609
25.3.2;THE METHOD'S ALGORITHM;609
25.3.3;THE CRITICAL PARAMETERS IDENTIFICATION;611
25.3.4;PARAMETERS OPTIMIZATION;611
25.3.5;APPLIED STUDIES ON A COMPLEX POWER NETWORK STRUCTURE;612
25.3.6;REFERENCES;613
25.4;CHAPTER 92. STABILITY ANALYSIS OF ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS;614
25.4.1;INTRODUCTION;614
25.4.2;NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS;614
25.4.3;SYSTEM STABILITY;616
25.4.4;CONCLUTIONS;618
25.4.5;ACKNOWLEDGMENTS;618
25.4.6;REFERENCES;618
25.5;CHAPTER 93. COMPUTATIONAL METHODS FOR DISTRIBUTED PARAMETER SYSTEMS: IDENTIFICATION AND CONTROL;619
25.5.1;SUMMARY;619
25.5.2;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;620
25.5.3;REFERENCES;620
25.6;CHAPTER 94 A COMPENSATION METHOD FOR SLOWLY TIME-VARYING DISCRETE DYNAMIC SYSTEMS;621
25.6.1;INTRODUCTION;621
25.6.2;GENERAL EXPRESSION FOR THE TRANSMISSION OF THE PERTURBATIONS IN THE PARAMETERS OF A SAMPLED DATA SYSTEM.;622
25.6.3;DYNAMIC CALCULATION OF THE SAMPLING INTERVAL BY EMPLOYING AN "ADAPTIVE REFERENCE MODEL IN THE SAMPLING PERIOD".;623
25.6.4;APPLICATION OF AN EXTERNAL ADDITIONAL INPUT;623
25.6.5;CONCLUSION;624
25.6.6;REFERENCES;625
25.7;CHAPTER 95. DESCRIBING FUNCTION METHODS FOR HIGH-ORDER HIGHLY NONLINEAR SYSTEMS;626
25.7.1;INTRODUCTION;626
25.7.2;QUASILINEARIZATION/DESCRIBING FUNCTION METHODS;627
25.7.3;References;631
25.8;CHAPTER 96. SOME RECENT QUALITATIVE RESULTS ON MODELS BASED ON DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS*;633
25.8.1;SUMMARY;633
25.8.2;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;634
25.8.3;REFERENCES;634
25.9;CHAPTER 97. GUARANTEED ULTIMATE BOUNDEDNESS CONTROL FOR UNCERTAIN DYNAMIC SYSTEMS;635
25.9.1;REFERENCES;636
25.10;CHAPTER 98. ON THE NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS;637
25.10.1;INTRODUCTION;637
25.10.2;BRANCHES OF STEADY STATE SOLUTIONS;638
25.10.3;STEADY STATE BIFURCATION POINTS;638
25.10.4;HOPF BIFURCATION POINTS;638
25.10.5;BRANCHES OF PERIODIC SOLUTIONS;639
25.10.6;DISCRETIZATION OF THE DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION;639
25.10.7;PLOTTING AND RESTART INFORMATION;640
25.10.8;A NUMERICAL EXAMPLE;640
25.10.9;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;641
25.10.10;REFERENCES;641
25.11;CHAPTER 99. REAL-TIME SOLUTION OF STIFF LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS;642
25.11.1;INTRODUCTION;642
25.11.2;STIFF DIFFERENTIAL SYSTEMS;642
25.11.3;SOLUTION METHOD;643
25.11.4;SOLUTION TECHNIQUE;644
25.11.5;PROBLEM SOLVING CAPABILITIES;646
25.11.6;CONCLUSIONS;646
25.11.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENT;646
25.11.8;REFERENCES;646
25.12;CHAPTER 100. FUNDAMENTAL STRUCTURES OF ALGORITHMIC SYSTEMS IN INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATION;647
25.12.1;SCOPE OF ALGORITHMS FOR CONTROLLING PROCESSES OF A PLANT;647
25.12.2;BASIC STRUCTURES OF INDUSTRIAL CONTROL ALGORITHMS;648
25.12.3;REFERENCES;652
26;PART XVIII: STOCHASTIC SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES;653
26.1;CHAPTER 101. ASYMPTOTIC STABILITY OF A CLASS OF STOCHASTIC INTERCONNECTED SYSTEMS;653
26.1.1;INTRODUCTION;653
26.1.2;NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS;654
26.1.3;STOCHASTIC STABILITY;654
26.1.4;SYSTEM DESCRIPTION;655
26.1.5;ASYMPTOTIC STABILITY;656
26.1.6;CONCLUSIONS;657
26.1.7;REFERENCES;657
26.2;CHAPTER 102. STOCHASTIC STABILITY OF A CLASS OF DECENTRALIZED SYSTEMS;658
26.2.1;INTRODUCTION;658
26.2.2;NOTATION AND DEFINITIONS;658
26.2.3;STOCHASTIC STABILITY;659
26.2.4;STOCHASTIC DECENTRALIZED SYSTEMS;660
26.2.5;EXPONENTIAL STABILITY RESULT;661
26.2.6;CONCLUSIONS;662
26.2.7;REFERENCES;662
26.3;CHAPTER 103. ON THE CHOICE OF THE NUMBER OF INTEGRATIONS IN ARIMA MODELS;663
26.3.1;INTRODUCTION;663
26.3.2;STATIONARITY OF A TIME-SERIES;663
26.3.3;ESTIMATION OF THE NUMBER OF INTEGRATIONS;664
26.3.4;EXAMPLE I: POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES;666
26.3.5;EXAMPLE 2: THE SLANT RANGE OF A SATELLITE;666
26.3.6;CONCLUSIONS;666
26.3.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;668
26.3.8;REFERENCES;668
26.4;CHAPTER 104. STOCHASTIC MODEL RELATING HIGH SCHOOL PERFORMANCE TO THAT IN UNIVERSITY EDUCATION IN ENGINEERING;669
26.4.1;INTRODUCTION;669
26.4.2;FORMS OF THE MODEL;670
26.4.3;DETERMINATION OF THE PARAMETERS OF THE MODELS;671
26.4.4;RESULTS FOR THE FIRST-ORDER MODEL;671
26.4.5;RESULTS FOR THE SECOND-ORDER MODEL;673
26.4.6;CONCLUSIONS;674
26.4.7;ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS;675
26.4.8;REFERENCES;675
26.5;CHAPTER 105. NEARLY-COMPLETELY DECOMPOSABLE STOCHASTIC PROCESSES;676
26.5.1;INTRODUCTION;676
26.5.2;FINITE IRREDUCIBLE MARKOV CHAIN;677
26.5.3;INFINITE TRANSIENT MARKOV CHAIN;678
26.5.4;REFERENCES;679
27;PART XIX: SPECIAL MATHEMATICAL STRUCTURES;680
27.1;CHAPTER 106. CLASSIFICATIONS ENDOWED BY TRANSFER OF STRUCTURES;680
27.1.1;1. STRUCTURE ENDOWED WITH l.h.c.;680
27.1.2;2 - STRUCTURE ENDOWED WITH u.h.c;683
27.1.3;BIBLIOGRAPHY;684
27.2;CHAPTER 107. A NEW LATTICE THEORETICAL METHOD IN THE SYSTEM RESEARCH;685
27.2.1;1.The general structure-lattice;685
27.2.2;2.The study of modularity and distributivity conditions for the general structure-lattice;686
27.2.3;REFERENCES;687
27.3;CHAPTER 108. THE APPLICATION OF THE CONCEPT OF COMPLEX SPACE/TIME TO A MODEL OF ELECTRIC CHARGE;688
27.3.1;INTRODUCTION;688
27.3.2;THE MODULUS;689
27.3.3;RELATIVITY;691
27.3.4;CHARGE;692
27.3.5;CONCLUSION;692