Lebed The Physics of Organic Superconductors and Conductors

1. Auflage 2008
ISBN: 978-3-540-76672-8
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Format: PDF
Kopierschutz: Adobe DRM (»Systemvoraussetzungen)

E-Book, Englisch, 754 Seiten

This bang up-to-date volume contains the distilled wisdom of some of the world's leading minds on the subject. Inside, there is a treasure trove of general (tutorial) and topical reviews, written by leading researchers in the area of organic superconductors and conductors. The papers hail from all over the world, as far afield as the USA and Australia. They cover contemporary topics such as unconventional superconductivity, non-Fermi-liquid properties, and the quantum Hall effect.

Since 2004: Professor at Physics Dept., University of Arizona, USA; Since 2000: Full Professor at Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, Moscow, Russia; 2000: Doctor of Sciences (Full Professor) Degree from Landau Institute; 1995-2001: Visiting Professor at Kyoto University, Osaka University, and Tohoku University (all - Japan); 1990: Lenin Komsomol Prize in Physics (the Highest former Soviet Union Government Prize for scientists younger than 36); 1986: Ph.D. from Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics.

Autoren/Hrsg.

Lebed, Andrei

Inhaltsverzeichnis

1;Preface;7
2;Contents;10
3;Contributors;22
4;Part I Historical Surveys;26
4.1;1 Historical Approach to Organic Superconductivity;27
4.1.1;1.1 One-Dimensional Conductors;27
4.1.2;1.2 Two-Dimensional Conductors;34
4.1.3;1.3 Conclusion;36
4.1.4;References;37
4.2;2 From Sliding Charge Density Wave to Charge Ordering;41
4.2.1;References;48
4.3;3 Field-Induced Spin–Density Waves and Dimensional Crossovers;49
4.3.1;3.1 Introduction;49
4.3.2;3.2 Peierls Spin(Charge)–Density Wave Instability;50
4.3.3;3.3 Field-Induced Spin–Density Wave Instability;52
4.3.4;3.4 Quantized Nesting Model;56
4.3.5;3.5 Beyond Quantum Nesting Model;62
4.3.6;References;63
4.4;4 Cascade of FISDW Phases: Wave Vector Quantization and its Consequences;65
4.4.1;4.1 Introduction;65
4.4.2;4.2 FISDW Wave Vector Quantization;66
4.4.3;4.3 Quantum Cascade of Phase Transitions;66
4.4.4;4.4 Novel Quantized Hall E.ect;68
4.4.5;References;69
5;Part II General Reviews;70
5.1;5 La Tour des Sels de Bechgaard;71
5.1.1;5.1 Introduction to the Bechgaard Salts;71
5.1.2;5.2 Magnetic Field E.ects in the Bechgaard Salts;76
5.1.3;5.3 Superconductivity in the Bechgaard Salts;89
5.1.4;5.4 Phases and Properties Near the SDW-Superconductor Boundary;101
5.1.5;5.5 Conclusions and Conundra;104
5.1.6;References;106
5.2;6 Physical Properties of Quasi-Two-Dimensional Organic Conductors in Strong Magnetic Fields;110
5.2.1;6.1 Introduction;110
5.2.2;6.2 Crystal Structure;111
5.2.3;6.3 Landau Quantization and Quantum Oscillations ;112
5.2.4;6.4 Lifshitz and Kosevich (L-K) Formula;114
5.2.5;6.5 Other Oscillatory Effects;118
5.2.6;6.6 Effective Mass;121
5.2.7;6.7 Magnetic Breakdown;121
5.2.8;6.8 Quantum Interference;123
5.2.9;6.9 Internal Field;126
5.2.10;6.10 Special and Related Topics;128
5.2.11;6.11 Summary;143
5.2.12;References;144
5.3;7 Magnetic Properties of Organic Conductors and Superconductors as Dimensional Crossovers;148
5.3.1;7.1 Introduction;148
5.3.2;7.2 Our Goals;152
5.3.3;7.3 Dimensional Crossovers in a Magnetic Field;153
5.3.4;7.4 Quantum Mechanics of Dimensional Crossovers;164
5.3.5;7.5 Q2D Conductor: A Fully Quantum Mechanical Problem;176
5.3.6;7.6 Angular Magnetoresistance Oscillations;181
5.3.7;7.7 Field-Induced Spin-Density-Wave Phases;185
5.3.8;7.8 Reentrant Superconductivity Phenomenon;199
5.3.9;References;202
5.4;8 Layered Organic Conductors in Strong Magnetic Fields;206
5.4.1;8.1 Introduction;206
5.4.2;8.2 Angle-Dependent Magnetoresistance Oscillations;208
5.4.3;8.3 Other Effects of the Field Orientation on the Semiclassical Magnetoresistance;221
5.4.4;8.4 Breakdown of the Interlayer Coherence as Seen from the Magnetotransport;225
5.4.5;8.5 Magnetic Quantum Oscillations;229
5.4.6;8.6 High-Field Studies of the Low-Temperature Electronic State in a-(BEDT-TTF)4MHg(SCN)4;236
5.4.7;8.7 Other Organic Conductors: Probing and Controlling Electronic Properties by Strong Magnetic Fields;247
5.4.8;8.8 Concluding Remarks;255
5.4.9;References;256
5.5;9 High-field Magnetoresistive Effects in Reduced-Dimensionality Organic Metals and Superconductors;268
5.5.1;9.1 Introduction;268
5.5.2;9.2 Intralayer Fermi-Surface Topologies;270
5.5.3;9.3 High-Field Magnetotransport Effects;273
5.5.4;9.4 High-Field Shubnikov-de Haas Measurements and Quasiparticle Scattering;283
5.5.5;9.5 Charge-Density Waves at Fields above the Pauli Paramagnetic Limit;286
5.5.6;9.6 New Quantum Fluid in Strong Magnetic Fields with Orbital Flux Quantization;292
5.5.7;9.7 Summary;292
5.5.8;References;294
5.6;10 Energy and Dielectric Relaxations in Bechgaard–Fabre Salts;298
5.6.1;10.1 Introduction;298
5.6.2;10.2 Coulomb Interactions;300
5.6.3;10.3 Charge Ordering and Ferroelectric Transition;302
5.6.4;10.4 Thermodynamical Properties;314
5.6.5;10.5 Conclusions;328
5.6.6;References;330
5.7;11 Ferroelectricity and Charge Ordering in Quasi-1D Organic Conductors;334
5.7.1;11.1 Introduction: History and Events;334
5.7.2;11.2 Hierarchy of Phases in Quasi-1D Organic Conductors;337
5.7.3;11.3 Electronic Properties;344
5.7.4;11.4 Ferroelectric Mott–Hubbard Ground State;349
5.7.5;11.5 Elementary Excitations;352
5.7.6;11.6 Optics;356
5.7.7;11.7 Fate of the Metallic TMTSF Subfamily;361
5.7.8;11.8 Origin and Range of Basic Parameters;362
5.7.9;11.9 Conclusions and Perspectives;365
5.7.10;References;373
5.8;12 Interacting Electrons in Quasi-One-Dimensional Organic Superconductors;377
5.8.1;12.1 Introduction;377
5.8.2;12.2 Elements of Theory for Interacting Electrons in Low Dimension;380
5.8.3;12.3 The Fabre Salts Series;388
5.8.4;12.4 The Bechgaard Salts;400
5.8.5;12.5 Conclusion and Outlook;425
5.8.6;References;426
6;Part III Unusual Properties of a Metallic Phase;433
6.1;13 Unusual Magic Angles E.ects in Bechgaard Salts;434
6.1.1;13.1 Introduction;434
6.1.2;13.2 Fractional Magic Angle Effects in (TMTSF)2ReO4;435
6.1.3;13.3 Two Kinds of Angular Magnetoresistance Resonances of (TMTSF)2PF6: Pressure Dependence or Sample Dependence;441
6.1.4;13.4 Bechgaard Salts Are Not Always One-Dimensional: (TMTSF)2FSO3;445
6.1.5;13.5 Summary;449
6.1.6;References;449
6.2;14 Versatile Method to Estimate Dimensionality of Q1D Fermi Surface by Third Angular Effect;452
6.2.1;14.1 Third Angular Effect;452
6.2.2;14.2 Origin of TAE;454
6.2.3;14.3 Estimation of Dimensionality ty/tx by TAE;463
6.2.4;14.4 Case of Two Pairs of Q1D Fermi Surfaces;468
6.2.5;14.5 Pressure Dependence of the Dimensionality;472
6.2.6;References;474
6.3;15 Microwave Spectroscopy of Q1D and Q2D Organic Conductors;476
6.3.1;15.1 Introduction;476
6.3.2;15.2 The Periodic Orbit Resonance Phenomenon;478
6.3.3;15.3 Experimental Observation of POR for Q1D Systems;483
6.3.4;15.4 Open-Orbit POR in a Q2D System;493
6.3.5;15.5 Discussion and Comparisons with Other Experiments;496
6.3.6;15.6 Summary and Conclusions;499
6.3.7;References;500
7;Part IV Field-Induced Spin(Charge)-Density Wave Phases;504
7.1;16 Magnetic Field-Induced Spin-Density Wave and Spin-Density Wave Phases in (TMTSF)2PF6;505
7.1.1;16.1 Introduction;505
7.1.2;16.2 Cyclotron Resonance on Open Orbits;507
7.1.3;16.3 Novel Phases in the Field-Induced Spin-Density Wave;511
7.1.4;16.4 Rapid Oscillations;516
7.1.5;16.5 Coexistence of the Antiferromagnetic and Metallic Phases in (TMTSF)2PF6;527
7.1.6;16.6 Concluding Remark;542
7.1.7;References;542
7.2;17 Theory of the Quantum Hall E.ect in Quasi-One-Dimensional Conductors;546
7.2.1;17.1 Introduction to Quasi-One-Dimensional Conductors;546
7.2.2;17.2 Hall Effect in the Normal State;547
7.2.3;17.3 Introduction to the Quantum Hall E.ect in the FISDW State;547
7.2.4;17.4 Mathematical Theory of the FISDW;549
7.2.5;17.5 Quantum Hall E.ect as a Topological Invariant;551
7.2.6;17.6 Coexistence of Several Order Parameters;552
7.2.7;17.7 Temperature Evolution of the Quantum Hall Effect;553
7.2.8;17.8 Influence of the FISDW Motion on the Quantum Hall Effect;555
7.2.9;17.9 Chiral Edge States;558
7.2.10;17.10 Generalization to the Three-Dimensional Quantum Hall Effect;562
7.2.11;17.11 Conclusions and Open Questions;563
7.2.12;References;564
7.3;18 Orbitally Quantized Density-Wave States Perturbed from Equilibrium;568
7.3.1;18.1 Introduction;568
7.3.2;18.2 Critical State;569
7.3.3;18.3 Model for Non-equilibrium Field-Induced Density-Wave States;571
7.3.4;18.4 Magnetotransport;578
7.3.5;18.5 Future Directions;583
7.3.6;References;584
7.4;19 Unconventional Density Waves in Organic Conductors and in Superconductors;586
7.4.1;19.1 Introduction;586
7.4.2;19.2 Mean-Field Theory;588
7.4.3;19.3 Landau Quantization;591
7.4.4;19.4 Angle Dependent Magnetoresistance (ADMR);592
7.4.5;19.5 Giant Nernst E.ect;598
7.4.6;19.6 Concluding Remarks;601
7.4.7;References;602
7.5;20 Charge Density Waves in Strong Magnetic Fields;605
7.5.1;20.1 Introduction;605
7.5.2;20.2 Theoretical Background;607
7.5.3;20.3 Discussion of Speci.c Regimes;608
7.5.4;20.4 Experiments;612
7.5.5;20.5 Conclusions;617
7.5.6;References;618
7.6;21 Unconventional Electronic Phases in (TMTSF)2X: The Case of (TMTSF)2ClO4;620
7.6.1;21.1 Introduction;620
7.6.2;21.2 Structural Properties of the ClO4- Anion Ordering;621
7.6.3;21.3 Relaxed State Properties;624
7.6.4;21.4 Concluding Remarks;632
8;Part V Unconventional Superconducting Properties;635
8.1;22 Mott Transition and Superconductivity in Q2D Organic Conductors;636
8.1.1;22.1 Introduction to Quasi-Two-Dimensional Organic Conductors;636
8.1.2;22.2 Mott Transition;637
8.1.3;22.3 Material Dependence of Normal-State Properties;639
8.1.4;22.4 Nature of Superconductivity;644
8.1.5;22.5 Pseudogap Behavior;651
8.1.6;22.6 Perspectives;652
8.1.7;References;653
8.2;23 Triplet Scenario of Superconductivity vs. Singlet One in (TMTSF)2X Materials;656
8.2.1;23.1 Introduction;656
8.2.2;23.2 Our Goals;658
8.2.3;23.3 Paramagnetic Limit in Q1D Case: HQ1D;660
8.2.4;23.4 Paramagnetic Limits in the Presence of the Orbital Effects: HQ1D p (.) and Hb;664
8.2.5;23.5 Paramagnetic Limitations for H || a;666
8.2.6;23.6 Physical Properties of d(k) = [da(k), 0, 0] Triplet Superconducting Phase;666
8.2.7;23.7 Reentrant Superconductivity Phenomenon;669
8.2.8;23.8 Singlet Scenario of Unconventional Superconductivity;671
8.2.9;References;671
8.3;24 Triplet Superconductivity in Quasi-One-Dimensional Conductors;673
8.3.1;24.1 Introduction;673
8.3.2;24.2 Hamiltonian and Order Parameter Symmetries;675
8.3.3;24.3 Spectroscopic and Thermodynamic Quantities;678
8.3.4;24.4 Josephson E.ect;682
8.3.5;24.5 Density Induced Quantum Phase Transitions;687
8.3.6;24.6 Coexistence of Triplet Superconductivity and Spin–Density Wave;690
8.3.7;24.7 Summary;695
8.3.8;References;696
8.4;25 Theory of the Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov State and Application to Quasi-Low-dimensional Organic Superconductors;698
8.4.1;25.1 The FFLO State;699
8.4.2;25.2 Nesting Effect for the FFLO State;702
8.4.3;25.3 Vortex States and the FFLO State;704
8.4.4;25.4 Candidate Organic Superconductors;709
8.4.5;25.5 Other Exotic Superconductors;711
8.4.6;25.6 Conclusion and Future Prospects;712
8.4.7;References;713
9;Part VI Electron Correlations in Organic Conductors;716
9.1;26 SO(4) Symmetry in Bechgaard Salts;717
9.1.1;26.1 Competing Orders in Strongly Correlated Electron Systems: Emergence of Higher Symmetries;717
9.1.2;26.2 SO(4) Symmetry in Quasi-One-Dimensional Systems;719
9.1.3;26.3 Competition of Spin–Density Wave Order and Triplet Superconductivity in Bechgaard Salts;722
9.1.4;26.4 Collective Modes;725
9.1.5;References;727
9.2;27 From Luttinger to Fermi Liquids in Organic Conductors;729
9.2.1;27.1 Introduction;729
9.2.2;27.2 General Ideas;730
9.2.3;27.3 Mott Insulators and One-Dimensional Transport;735
9.2.4;27.4 Coupled Chains;745
9.2.5;27.5 Conclusions and Perspectives;749
9.2.6;References;751
10;Index;754